Exam 6: Probability

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Suppose A and B are two mutually exclusive events for which P(A) = 0.25 and P(B) = 0.60. a. Find P(A ∩\cap B). b. Find P(A ∪\cup B). c. Find P(A | B). d. Are A and B independent events? Explain using probabilities.

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An ice cream vendor sells three flavours: chocolate, strawberry and vanilla. 45% of the sales are chocolate, 30% are strawberry and the rest are vanilla. Sales are by the cone or the cup. The percentages of cones sales for chocolate, strawberry and vanilla are 75%, 60% and 40%, respectively. For a randomly selected sale, define the following events: A1 = chocolate chosen. A2 = strawberry chosen. A3 = vanilla chosen. B = ice cream in a cone. Bˉ\bar { B } = ice cream in a cup. Use this information to answer the following question(s). -Find the probability that the ice cream was strawberry-flavoured, given that it was sold in a cup.

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An ice cream vendor sells three flavours: chocolate, strawberry and vanilla. 45% of the sales are chocolate, 30% are strawberry and the rest are vanilla. Sales are by the cone or the cup. The percentages of cones sales for chocolate, strawberry and vanilla are 75%, 60% and 40%, respectively. For a randomly selected sale, define the following events: A1 = chocolate chosen. A2 = strawberry chosen. A3 = vanilla chosen. B = ice cream in a cone. Bˉ\bar { B } = ice cream in a cup. Use this information to answer the following question(s). -Find the probability that the ice cream was sold in a cup.

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Given that events A and B are independent, and that P(A) = 0.9 and P(B | A) = 0.5, then P(A ∩\cap \ B) = 0.45.

(True/False)
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If P(A) = 0.20, P(B) = 0.30 and P(A ∩\cap \ B) = 0.00, then A and B are:

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One card is randomly selected from a deck of 52 playing cards. Let: A = event card selected is a nine. B = event card selected is a 10. C = event card selected is a queen. Find P( Aˉ\bar{A} or Bˉ\bar { B } or Cˉ\bar {C} ), using the addition rule.

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Suppose A and B are two independent events, with P(A) = 0.20 and P(B) = 0.60. a. Find P(B | A). b. Find P(A | B). c. Find P(A and B). d. Find P(A or B).

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Based on past exam results in principles of accounting you estimate that there is an 83% chance of passing the exam. This is an example of the subjective approach to probability.

(True/False)
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If we wished to determine the probability that one or more of several events will occur in an experiment, we would use addition rules.

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An ice cream vendor sells three flavours: chocolate, strawberry and vanilla. 45% of the sales are chocolate, 30% are strawberry and the rest are vanilla. Sales are by the cone or the cup. The percentages of cones sales for chocolate, strawberry and vanilla are 75%, 60% and 40%, respectively. For a randomly selected sale, define the following events: A1 = chocolate chosen. A2 = strawberry chosen. A3 = vanilla chosen. B = ice cream in a cone. Bˉ\bar { B } = ice cream in a cup. Use this information to answer the following question(s). -Find the probability that the ice cream was vanilla-flavoured, given that it was sold on a cone.

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At the beginning of each year, an investment newsletter predicts whether or not the stock market will rise over the coming year. Historical evidence reveals that there is a 75% chance that the stock market will rise in any given year. The newsletter has predicted a rise for 80% of the years when the market actually rose, and has predicted a rise for 40% of the years when the market fell. Find the probability that the newsletter's prediction for next year will be correct.

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If events A and B have nonzero probabilities, then they can be both independent and mutually exclusive.

(True/False)
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Baye' Law is a method of revising probabilities after another event has occurred.

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An insurance company has recently recruited ten graduates, four men and six women. Two of the graduates are to be selected at random to work in the firm's suburban office. a. What is the probability that two men will be selected? b. What is the probability that at least one man will be selected?

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If A and B are independent events, with P(A) = 0.50 and P(B) = 0.70, then the probability that A occurs or B occurs or both occur is: A. 1.20. B. 0.20. C. 0.35 D. 0.10.

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The annual estimate of the number of deaths of infants is an example of the classical approach to probability.

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If you roll a fair (unbiased) die 60 times, you should expect an odd number to appear:

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The sample space of the toss of a fair die is S = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}. If the die is balanced, each simple event has the same probability. Find the probability of the following events. a. Equal to 1. b. A number greater than 3. c. A number greater than 6. d. A number between 2 and 4, inclusive.

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If the event of interest is A, the probability that A will not occur is the complement of A.

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The classical approach to assigning probability can be applied for experiments that have equally likely outcomes.

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