Question 1

Over the course of human history,malarial protozoa probably have killed more people than all the wars ever fought.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

The biggest viral killer is the _______________ virus.

Accepted Answer

influenza
flu

Question 3

What term refers to a substance's resistance to breakdown?

Accepted Answer

A)  toxicity 
B)  biomagnification 
C)  persistence 
D)  response 
E)  dose 
A)  toxicity 
B)  biomagnification 
C)  persistence 
D)  response 
E)  dose C

Question 4

Ecological medicine is a new interdisciplinary field devoted to ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  wildlife disease connections 
B)  tracking down disease connections between animals and insects 
C)  tracking down disease connections between insects 
D)  tracking down disease connections between animals and humans 
E)  finding ecologically based medicines for diseases 
A)  wildlife disease connections 
B)  tracking down disease connections between animals and insects 
C)  tracking down disease connections between insects 
D)  tracking down disease connections between animals and humans 
E)  finding ecologically based medicines for diseases

Question 5

Why is it difficult to determine the level of exposure to a particular toxic chemical that will cause harm to humans?

Accepted Answer

This is difficult to determine

Question 6

Teratogens ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  are fatal to humans in low doses 
B)  cause birth defects 
C)  are harmful because they are irritating to skin or lungs 
D)  cause infections 
E)  cause allergic reactions 
A)  are fatal to humans in low doses 
B)  cause birth defects 
C)  are harmful because they are irritating to skin or lungs 
D)  cause infections 
E)  cause allergic reactions

Question 7

Since 1970,the occurrence of malaria has come roaring back in prevalence.Why?

Accepted Answer

A)  Swamplands and marshes have been drained. 
B)  More vaccines exist. 
C)  Fewer vaccines exist. 
D)  Malaria-carrying species of mosquitos have become resistant to insecticides. 
E)  The use of insecticides in most countries has declined. 
A)  Swamplands and marshes have been drained. 
B)  More vaccines exist. 
C)  Fewer vaccines exist. 
D)  Malaria-carrying species of mosquitos have become resistant to insecticides. 
E)  The use of insecticides in most countries has declined.

Question 8

A complex network of glands that release tiny amounts of hormones into the bloodstream of humans and other vertebrate animals is the ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  digestive system 
B)  endocrine system 
C)  excretory system 
D)  circulatory system 
E)  immune system 
A)  digestive system 
B)  endocrine system 
C)  excretory system 
D)  circulatory system 
E)  immune system

Question 9

Carcinogens cause ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  genetic defects 
B)  birth defects 
C)  cancer 
D)  chronic health effects 
E)  allergic reactions 
A)  genetic defects 
B)  birth defects 
C)  cancer 
D)  chronic health effects 
E)  allergic reactions

Question 10

A basic principle of toxicology is that any synthetic or natural chemical can be harmful if ingested in a large enough quantity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The greatest risk from exposure to low levels of methylmercury is brain damage in fetuses and young children.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

People who smoke one to two packs of cigarettes daily have how much higher risk of getting Alzheimer's disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  76% 
B)  65% 
C)  52% 
D)  44% 
E)  31% 
A)  76% 
B)  65% 
C)  52% 
D)  44% 
E)  31%

Question 13

Which of the following is a transmissible disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  heart disease 
B)  cancer 
C)  tuberculosis 
D)  malnutrition 
E)  asthma 
A)  heart disease 
B)  cancer 
C)  tuberculosis 
D)  malnutrition 
E)  asthma

Question 14

What is a lethal dose and what is a median lethal dose (LD50)?

Accepted Answer

The lethal dose is the dose th

Question 15

About half of the people with active tuberculosis will die from destruction of their ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  lymph nodes 
B)  heart 
C)  brain 
D)  nervous system 
E)  lung tissue 
A)  lymph nodes 
B)  heart 
C)  brain 
D)  nervous system 
E)  lung tissue

Question 16

The system responsible for defense against disease and harmful substances is the ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  circulatory system 
B)  endocrine system 
C)  immune system 
D)  excretory system 
E)  skeletal system 
A)  circulatory system 
B)  endocrine system 
C)  immune system 
D)  excretory system 
E)  skeletal system

Question 17

The probability of suffering harm from a hazard that can cause injury,disease,death,economic loss,or damage is referred to as ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  negligence 
B)  exposure 
C)  peril 
D)  dangerous 
E)  risk 
A)  negligence 
B)  exposure 
C)  peril 
D)  dangerous 
E)  risk

Question 18

Of the 80,000 registered synthetic chemicals in commercial use,only ____ have been adequately tested to determine whether they are carcinogens,teratogens,or mutagens.

Accepted Answer

A)  2% 
B)  4% 
C)  10% 
D)  12% 
E)  15% 
A)  2% 
B)  4% 
C)  10% 
D)  12% 
E)  15%

Question 19

Which of the following is considered a cultural hazard?

Accepted Answer

A)  smoking cigarettes 
B)  contagious viruses 
C)  having unsafe sex 
D)  earthquakes 
E)  unsafe working conditions 
A)  smoking cigarettes 
B)  contagious viruses 
C)  having unsafe sex 
D)  earthquakes 
E)  unsafe working conditions

Question 20

What are chemicals used to soften polyvinyl chloride (PVC)plastic found in a variety of products,such as detergents,cosmetics,body lotions,soft vinyl toys,and shower curtains?

Accepted Answer

A)  carcinogens 
B)  phthalates 
C)  estrogens 
D)  androgens 
E)  BPAs 
A)  carcinogens 
B)  phthalates 
C)  estrogens 
D)  androgens 
E)  BPAs

Exam 17: Environmental Hazards and Human Health

Over the course of human history,malarial protozoa probably have killed more people than all the wars ever fought.

The biggest viral killer is the _______________ virus.

What term refers to a substance's resistance to breakdown?

Ecological medicine is a new interdisciplinary field devoted to ____.

Why is it difficult to determine the level of exposure to a particular toxic chemical that will cause harm to humans?

Teratogens ____.

Since 1970,the occurrence of malaria has come roaring back in prevalence.Why?

A complex network of glands that release tiny amounts of hormones into the bloodstream of humans and other vertebrate animals is the ____.

Carcinogens cause ____.

A basic principle of toxicology is that any synthetic or natural chemical can be harmful if ingested in a large enough quantity.

The greatest risk from exposure to low levels of methylmercury is brain damage in fetuses and young children.

People who smoke one to two packs of cigarettes daily have how much higher risk of getting Alzheimer's disease?

Which of the following is a transmissible disease?

What is a lethal dose and what is a median lethal dose (LD50)?

About half of the people with active tuberculosis will die from destruction of their ____.

The system responsible for defense against disease and harmful substances is the ____.

The probability of suffering harm from a hazard that can cause injury,disease,death,economic loss,or damage is referred to as ____.

Of the 80,000 registered synthetic chemicals in commercial use,only ____ have been adequately tested to determine whether they are carcinogens,teratogens,or mutagens.

Which of the following is considered a cultural hazard?

What are chemicals used to soften polyvinyl chloride (PVC)plastic found in a variety of products,such as detergents,cosmetics,body lotions,soft vinyl toys,and shower curtains?

Environmental Problems, their Causes, and Sustainability

Science, matter, energy, and Systems

Ecosystems: What Are They and How Do They Work

Biodiversity and Evolution

Biodiversity, species Interactions, and Population Control

The Human Population and Its Impact

Climate and Biodiversity

Aquatic Biodiversity

Sustaining Biodiversity: The Species Approach

Sustaining Terrestrial Biodiversity: The Ecosystem Approach

Sustaining Aquatic Biodiversity

Food, soil, and Pest Management

Water Resources

Geology and Nonrenewable Mineral Resources

Nonrenewable Energy

Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy

Air Pollution

Climate Disruption and Ozone Depletion

Water Pollution

Solid and Hazardous Waste

Cities and Sustainability

Economics, environment, and Sustainability

Politics, environment, and Sustainability

Environmental Worldviews, ethics, and Sustainability

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