Question 1

In 1954, ____ lost its struggle to remain in control of Indochina.

Accepted Answer

A) Japan 
B) Britain 
C) China 
D) France 
E) the Netherlands 
A) Japan 
B) Britain 
C) China 
D) France 
E) the Netherlands D

Question 2

Please define the following key terms.
-the birth control pill

Accepted Answer

Answers will vary.

Question 3

Please define the following key terms.
-Mahatma Gandhi

Accepted Answer

Mahatma Gandhi, also known as Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, was an Indian lawyer, anti-colonial nationalist, and political ethicist who employed nonviolent resistance to lead the successful campaign for India's independence from British rule. The term "Mahatma," meaning "Great Soul," was bestowed upon him by the people of India and his admirers worldwide due to his profound spiritual presence and dedication to peaceful protest and civil disobedience as means of social and political change.

Gandhi was born on October 2, 1869, in Porbandar, a coastal town in present-day Gujarat, India. He studied law in London and then went on to work in South Africa, where he experienced racial discrimination firsthand. This experience awakened his social conscience and led him to develop his signature method of nonviolent protest, known as Satyagraha.

Throughout his life, Gandhi advocated for the rights of the oppressed, including the poor and those marginalized by the caste system. He worked towards alleviating poverty, expanding women's rights, building religious and ethnic amity, and ending untouchability. Gandhi's philosophy of nonviolence and his relentless pursuit of truth ('Satya') influenced civil rights movements across the world.

Gandhi played a key role in the Indian National Congress and led nationwide campaigns for easing poverty, expanding women's rights, building religious and ethnic amity, ending untouchability, and above all for achieving Swaraj or self-rule. His famous Salt March to Dandi in 1930 was a pivotal act of protest against the British salt tax, symbolizing the Indian people's defiance against British rule.

Gandhi's commitment to nonviolence and his belief in simple living—making his own clothes, eating a vegetarian diet, and using fasts for self-purification as well as a means of protest—have made him a lasting symbol of peaceful resistance. He was assassinated on January 30, 1948, by Nathuram Godse, a Hindu nationalist who disagreed with Gandhi's tolerance towards Muslims.

Today, Gandhi's legacy lives on as a beacon of hope for peaceful change and social justice. His birthday, October 2nd, is commemorated as Gandhi Jayanti in India, a national holiday, and worldwide as the International Day of Non-Violence.

Question 4

Please define the following key terms.
-Sputnik I

Accepted Answer

Sputnik I was the first artificial Earth

Question 5

What did Karl Barth argue in his works during the religious revivals stimulated by the horrors of two world wars, the Cold War, and attendant socio-cultural upheavals?

Accepted Answer

A) He argued that the Bible is the literal word of God and that salvation and consolation comes from accepting that "truth." 
B) He argued that the Bible, although not inherently true, still gives the best instruction for moral behavior. 
C) He argued that the sinful and imperfect nature of humans means that they can know religious truth not through reason but only through the grace of God. 
D) He argued that the mystery religions of Asia and the Middle East give humans a more transcendent sense of the divine and should come to replace Christian bigotry. 
E) He argued that a diversity of religious beliefs, including such "New Age" practices as witchcraft, the worship of healing rock crystals, and devotion to Gaia the Earth Mother, is a healthy sign of a new spiritualism in Western Civilization. 
A) He argued that the Bible is the literal word of God and that salvation and consolation comes from accepting that "truth." 
B) He argued that the Bible, although not inherently true, still gives the best instruction for moral behavior. 
C) He argued that the sinful and imperfect nature of humans means that they can know religious truth not through reason but only through the grace of God. 
D) He argued that the mystery religions of Asia and the Middle East give humans a more transcendent sense of the divine and should come to replace Christian bigotry. 
E) He argued that a diversity of religious beliefs, including such "New Age" practices as witchcraft, the worship of healing rock crystals, and devotion to Gaia the Earth Mother, is a healthy sign of a new spiritualism in Western Civilization.

Question 6

The Soviet blockade of Berlin was prompted by the efforts of the United States, France, and Britain to unify their zones of control within the city.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

What was the one issue that united Arab states?

Accepted Answer

A) The Suez Canal 
B) Equal sharing in oil revenues 
C) Palestine 
D) A sympathy for Communism 
E) Anti-Americanism 
A) The Suez Canal 
B) Equal sharing in oil revenues 
C) Palestine 
D) A sympathy for Communism 
E) Anti-Americanism

Question 8

Please define the following key terms.
-guest workers

Accepted Answer

Guest workers are individuals who migrat

Question 9

What was true of women in the workplace in Europe in the postwar era?

Accepted Answer

A) They made up a smaller percentage of the workforce than they had before the war. 
B) They earned less than men for the same work. 
C) They were strictly confined to traditional female occupations. 
D) They were almost entirely single women. 
E) They were encouraged by their governments to challenge gender discrimination. 
A) They made up a smaller percentage of the workforce than they had before the war. 
B) They earned less than men for the same work. 
C) They were strictly confined to traditional female occupations. 
D) They were almost entirely single women. 
E) They were encouraged by their governments to challenge gender discrimination.

Question 10

Please define the following key terms.
-the superpowers

Accepted Answer

The concept of superpowers often refers

Question 11

Between 1947 and 1962, virtually every European colony gained independence.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Please define the following key terms.
-NATO

Accepted Answer

NATO, or the North Atlantic Treaty Organ

Question 13

The Treaty of ____ created the European Economic Community, or Common Market.

Accepted Answer

A) London 
B) Rome 
C) Berlin 
D) Paris 
E) Amsterdam 
A) London 
B) Rome 
C) Berlin 
D) Paris 
E) Amsterdam

Question 14

What was the purpose of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO)?

Accepted Answer

A) To represent the interests of the Palestinians and the rights to a state 
B) To create economic ties with western countries 
C) To be the Soviet Union's representative in the Middle East 
D) To create diplomatic ties with Western countries 
E) To stem communist incursions in Palestine 
A) To represent the interests of the Palestinians and the rights to a state 
B) To create economic ties with western countries 
C) To be the Soviet Union's representative in the Middle East 
D) To create diplomatic ties with Western countries 
E) To stem communist incursions in Palestine

Question 15

Please define the following key terms.
-Six-Day War

Accepted Answer

The Six-Day War, also known as the June

Question 16

In 1959, ____ dictator Fulgencio Batista was overthrown by left-wing revolutionaries.

Accepted Answer

A) Spanish 
B) Mexican 
C) Portuguese 
D) Cuban 
E) Columbian 
A) Spanish 
B) Mexican 
C) Portuguese 
D) Cuban 
E) Columbian

Question 17

Please define the following key terms.
-the Great Society

Accepted Answer

The Great Society was a set of domestic

Question 18

What did French feminist author Simone de Beauvoir argue in her path-breaking text, The Second Sex?

Accepted Answer

A) Women should renounce contact with men and set up their own self-governing communes. 
B) Women were always and wrongly defined by their differences from men and consequently seen as second-class beings. 
C) World War II had legitimated the political advantages and hegemonic power of males. 
D) A "sexual revolution" was impossible. 
E) There was absolutely no hope in improving the status of women in the near future. 
A) Women should renounce contact with men and set up their own self-governing communes. 
B) Women were always and wrongly defined by their differences from men and consequently seen as second-class beings. 
C) World War II had legitimated the political advantages and hegemonic power of males. 
D) A "sexual revolution" was impossible. 
E) There was absolutely no hope in improving the status of women in the near future.

Question 19

What was the Communist military response to the formation of NATO?

Accepted Answer

A) The Moscow Alliance 
B) The Warsaw Pact 
C) The Eastern European Community 
D) The Stalin Plan 
E) The European Economic Community 
A) The Moscow Alliance 
B) The Warsaw Pact 
C) The Eastern European Community 
D) The Stalin Plan 
E) The European Economic Community

Question 20

Please define the following key terms.
-women's liberation movement

Accepted Answer

The women's liberation movement, also kn

Exam 28: Cold War and a New Western World, 1945–1965.

In 1954, ____ lost its struggle to remain in control of Indochina.

Please define the following key terms. -the birth control pill

Please define the following key terms. -Mahatma Gandhi

Please define the following key terms. -Sputnik I

What did Karl Barth argue in his works during the religious revivals stimulated by the horrors of two world wars, the Cold War, and attendant socio-cultural upheavals?

The Soviet blockade of Berlin was prompted by the efforts of the United States, France, and Britain to unify their zones of control within the city.

What was the one issue that united Arab states?

Please define the following key terms. -guest workers

What was true of women in the workplace in Europe in the postwar era?

Please define the following key terms. -the superpowers

Between 1947 and 1962, virtually every European colony gained independence.

Please define the following key terms. -NATO

The Treaty of ____ created the European Economic Community, or Common Market.

What was the purpose of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO)?

Please define the following key terms. -Six-Day War

In 1959, ____ dictator Fulgencio Batista was overthrown by left-wing revolutionaries.

Please define the following key terms. -the Great Society

What did French feminist author Simone de Beauvoir argue in her path-breaking text, The Second Sex?

What was the Communist military response to the formation of NATO?

Please define the following key terms. -women's liberation movement

The Ancient Near East: The First Civilizations.

The Ancient Near East: Peoples and Empires.

The Civilization of the Greeks.

The Hellenistic World.

The Roman Republic.

The Roman Empire.

Late Antiquity and the Emergence of the Medieval World.

European Civilization in the Early Middle Ages, 750–1000.

The Recovery and Growth of European Society in the High Middle Ages.

The Rise of Kingdoms and the Growth of Church Power.

The Later Middle Ages: Crisis and Disintegration in the Fourteenth Century.

Recovery and Rebirth: The Age of the Renaissance.

Reformation and Religious Warfare in the Sixteenth Century.

Europe and the World: New Encounters, 1500–1800.

State Building and the Search for Order in the Seventeenth Century.

Toward a New Heaven and a New Earth: The Scientific Revolution and the Emergence of Modern Science.

The Eighteenth Century: An Age of Enlightenment.

The Eighteenth Century: European States, International Wars, and Social Change.

A Revolution in Politics: The Era of the French Revolution and Napoleon.

The Industrial Revolution and Its Impact on European Society.

Reaction, Revolution, and Romanticism, 1815–1850.

An Age of Nationalism and Realism, 1850–1871.

Mass Society in an “Age of Progress,” 1871–1894.

An Age of Modernity, Anxiety, and Imperialism, 1894–1914.

The Beginning of the Twentieth-Century Crisis: War and Revolution.

The Futile Search for Stability: Europe Between the Wars, 1919–1939.

The Deepening of the European Crisis: World War II.

Protest and Stagnation: The Western World, 1965–1985.

After the Fall: The Western World in a Global Age (Since 1985)

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