Question 1

Chronically lonely people seem to have the same _____ as chronically depressed people.

Accepted Answer

A) unrealistic vision of the future 
B) need to achieve perfection 
C) illusion of control 
D) negative explanatory style 
A) unrealistic vision of the future 
B) need to achieve perfection 
C) illusion of control 
D) negative explanatory style

Question 2

Who is more likely to exhibit a negative explanatory style?

Accepted Answer

A) a teenager 
B) a nondepressed person 
C) an elderly person 
D) a depressed person 
A) a teenager 
B) a nondepressed person 
C) an elderly person 
D) a depressed person

Question 3

Brodt and Zimbardo (1981)found that shy women were no longer shy when they

Accepted Answer

A) were provided an alternative explanation for their social anxiety. 
B) were provided alcohol before interacting with others. 
C) discovered that most people feel shy. 
D) were taught to blame their failures on circumstances beyond their control. 
A) were provided an alternative explanation for their social anxiety. 
B) were provided alcohol before interacting with others. 
C) discovered that most people feel shy. 
D) were taught to blame their failures on circumstances beyond their control.

Question 4

Vanessa is a mildly depressed college student.Considering the research findings presented in the text on depression,she probably

Accepted Answer

A) suffers from the better-than-average phenomenon. 
B) assumes that her behavior is well-accepted by others. 
C) demonstrates the sadder-but-wiser effect. 
D) is below average in intelligence. 
A) suffers from the better-than-average phenomenon. 
B) assumes that her behavior is well-accepted by others. 
C) demonstrates the sadder-but-wiser effect. 
D) is below average in intelligence.

Question 5

Haemmerlie and Montgomery (1986)concluded that their social skills training was successful because their program

Accepted Answer

A) employed skilled counselors who took responsibility for inspiring the participants to feel confident and competent. 
B) included no counseling,so the participants made internal attributions for their success. 
C) protected the participants from having to participate in actual conversations until they had first been extensively trained. 
D) paved the way for conversational success by providing many external reasons for initiating conversation. 
A) employed skilled counselors who took responsibility for inspiring the participants to feel confident and competent. 
B) included no counseling,so the participants made internal attributions for their success. 
C) protected the participants from having to participate in actual conversations until they had first been extensively trained. 
D) paved the way for conversational success by providing many external reasons for initiating conversation.

Question 6

In comparison to those in Western cultures,depressed people in Japan are more likely to report feeling

Accepted Answer

A) guilt and self-blame over personal failure. 
B) shame over letting down their family or co-workers. 
C) sad about social problems such as poverty and discrimination. 
D) hopeless and helpless. 
A) guilt and self-blame over personal failure. 
B) shame over letting down their family or co-workers. 
C) sad about social problems such as poverty and discrimination. 
D) hopeless and helpless.

Question 7

Explaining life events in terms of factors that are stable,global,and internal is a _____ explanatory style.

Accepted Answer

A) negative 
B) positive 
C) realistic 
D) repressive 
A) negative 
B) positive 
C) realistic 
D) repressive

Question 8

Which of the following is a characteristic of chronically lonely people?

Accepted Answer

A) They have a negative explanatory style. 
B) They blame others for their poor social relationships. 
C) They perceive their interactions as making a good impression. 
D) They are unskilled at recognizing emotional expression. 
A) They have a negative explanatory style. 
B) They blame others for their poor social relationships. 
C) They perceive their interactions as making a good impression. 
D) They are unskilled at recognizing emotional expression.

Question 9

In a study by Haemmerlie and Montgomery (1986),shy college men were enticed to participate in laboratory exercises that would enhance their social competence.The men

Accepted Answer

A) were taught specific communication skills. 
B) took a short course on positive thinking. 
C) delivered self-laudatory speeches to strangers. 
D) had several successful conversations with women. 
A) were taught specific communication skills. 
B) took a short course on positive thinking. 
C) delivered self-laudatory speeches to strangers. 
D) had several successful conversations with women.

Question 10

According to the text,labeling oneself as shy,depressed,or under the influence of alcohol can serve a(n)_____ function.

Accepted Answer

A) anger-reducing 
B) self-handicapping 
C) concurrence-seeking 
D) group-identification 
A) anger-reducing 
B) self-handicapping 
C) concurrence-seeking 
D) group-identification

Question 11

Which of the following attributions regarding a failure or setback illustrates the stable quality of a depressed person's explanatory style?

Accepted Answer

A) "It is all my fault." 
B) "It is going to last forever." 
C) "The whole world is against me." 
D) "It is going to affect everything I do." 
A) "It is all my fault." 
B) "It is going to last forever." 
C) "The whole world is against me." 
D) "It is going to affect everything I do."

Question 12

In a study conducted by Lauren Alloy and Lyn Abramson (1979),mildly depressed and nondepressed students were asked to press a button and observe whether the button controlled a light coming on.The results indicated that the

Accepted Answer

A) nondepressed students were able to accurately assess their degree of control. 
B) depressed students were able to accurately assess their degree of control. 
C) depressed students exaggerated their degree of control. 
D) nondepressed students underestimated their degree of control. 
A) nondepressed students were able to accurately assess their degree of control. 
B) depressed students were able to accurately assess their degree of control. 
C) depressed students exaggerated their degree of control. 
D) nondepressed students underestimated their degree of control.

Question 13

Which of the following explains the relationship between depression and negative thinking?

Accepted Answer

A) Depressed moods cause negative thinking. 
B) Negative thinking causes depressed moods. 
C) Depression and negative thinking are unrelated in laboratory experiments. 
D) Depressed moods can cause negative thinking and negative thinking can cause depressed moods. 
A) Depressed moods cause negative thinking. 
B) Negative thinking causes depressed moods. 
C) Depression and negative thinking are unrelated in laboratory experiments. 
D) Depressed moods can cause negative thinking and negative thinking can cause depressed moods.

Question 14

Loneliness is best described as a state created by the awareness that you

Accepted Answer

A) are alone most of the time. 
B) have lost a significant relationship. 
C) have less numerous or meaningful social relationships than you desire. 
D) are not really respected even though you have many acquaintances. 
A) are alone most of the time. 
B) have lost a significant relationship. 
C) have less numerous or meaningful social relationships than you desire. 
D) are not really respected even though you have many acquaintances.

Question 15

Your roommate Joel is depressed.As a result,you will tend to become

Accepted Answer

A) somewhat depressed yourself. 
B) more accepting of people suffering from psychological disorders. 
C) more optimistic about your own life. 
D) more studious and committed to achieving academic success. 
A) somewhat depressed yourself. 
B) more accepting of people suffering from psychological disorders. 
C) more optimistic about your own life. 
D) more studious and committed to achieving academic success.

Question 16

In depression-prone people,the vicious cycle of depression is usually triggered by negative experiences that lead directly to

Accepted Answer

A) self-focused rumination and self-blame. 
B) depressed moods. 
C) further negative experiences. 
D) blaming others for their negative experiences. 
A) self-focused rumination and self-blame. 
B) depressed moods. 
C) further negative experiences. 
D) blaming others for their negative experiences.

Question 17

According to Lewinsohn and her colleagues (1985),which of the following does belong in the vicious cycle of depression?

Accepted Answer

A) self-focus 
B) self-blame 
C) depressed mood 
D) defensive pessimism 
A) self-focus 
B) self-blame 
C) depressed mood 
D) defensive pessimism

Question 18

Yvonne,a college senior,is mildly depressed.Asked to describe herself,she mentions both her positive and negative qualities.She recalls both past successes and failures and takes personal responsibility for both.Yvonne clearly illustrates the _____ effect.

Accepted Answer

A) rose-colored-glasses 
B) sadder-but-wiser 
C) head-in-the-clouds 
D) feet-on-the-ground 
A) rose-colored-glasses 
B) sadder-but-wiser 
C) head-in-the-clouds 
D) feet-on-the-ground

Question 19

Maxwell,a college junior,suffers from chronic depression.Which of the following statements is Maxwell most likely to make when he performs poorly on a test?

Accepted Answer

A) "The test was not a fair assessment of what I actually know." 
B) "My chemistry professor does not grade his tests fairly." 
C) "I am incompetent and probably will always be." 
D) "I am sure most people did poorly on the test." 
A) "The test was not a fair assessment of what I actually know." 
B) "My chemistry professor does not grade his tests fairly." 
C) "I am incompetent and probably will always be." 
D) "I am sure most people did poorly on the test."

Question 20

Research by Haemmerlie and Montgomery (1986)supported the notion that social skills training can lead shy men to

Accepted Answer

A) become dependent on their therapist. 
B) perceive themselves as socially competent. 
C) concentrate on their social incompetence. 
D) become more shy 6 months after treatment. 
A) become dependent on their therapist. 
B) perceive themselves as socially competent. 
C) concentrate on their social incompetence. 
D) become more shy 6 months after treatment.

Exam 11: Clinical Therapy the Powers of Social Cognition

Chronically lonely people seem to have the same _____ as chronically depressed people.

Who is more likely to exhibit a negative explanatory style?

Brodt and Zimbardo (1981)found that shy women were no longer shy when they

Vanessa is a mildly depressed college student.Considering the research findings presented in the text on depression,she probably

Haemmerlie and Montgomery (1986)concluded that their social skills training was successful because their program

In comparison to those in Western cultures,depressed people in Japan are more likely to report feeling

Explaining life events in terms of factors that are stable,global,and internal is a _____ explanatory style.

Which of the following is a characteristic of chronically lonely people?

In a study by Haemmerlie and Montgomery (1986),shy college men were enticed to participate in laboratory exercises that would enhance their social competence.The men

According to the text,labeling oneself as shy,depressed,or under the influence of alcohol can serve a(n)_____ function.

Which of the following attributions regarding a failure or setback illustrates the stable quality of a depressed person's explanatory style?

In a study conducted by Lauren Alloy and Lyn Abramson (1979),mildly depressed and nondepressed students were asked to press a button and observe whether the button controlled a light coming on.The results indicated that the

Which of the following explains the relationship between depression and negative thinking?

Loneliness is best described as a state created by the awareness that you

Your roommate Joel is depressed.As a result,you will tend to become

In depression-prone people,the vicious cycle of depression is usually triggered by negative experiences that lead directly to

According to Lewinsohn and her colleagues (1985),which of the following does belong in the vicious cycle of depression?

Yvonne,a college senior,is mildly depressed.Asked to describe herself,she mentions both her positive and negative qualities.She recalls both past successes and failures and takes personal responsibility for both.Yvonne clearly illustrates the _____ effect.

Maxwell,a college junior,suffers from chronic depression.Which of the following statements is Maxwell most likely to make when he performs poorly on a test?

Research by Haemmerlie and Montgomery (1986)supported the notion that social skills training can lead shy men to

Doing Social Psychology

Did You Know It All Along

Self-Concept Who Am I

Self-Serving Bias

Narcissism and the Limits of Self-Esteem

The Fundamental Attribution Error

The Powers and Perils of Intuition

Reasons for Unreason

Behavior and Belief

Clinical Intuition Key

Human Nature and Cultural Diversity

Gender,genes,and Culture

How Nice People Get Corrupted

Two Routes to Persuasion

Itrination and Inoculation

The Mere Presence of Others

Many Hands Make Diminished Responsibility

Doing Together What We Would Not Do Alone

How Do Groups Intensify Decisions

Power to the Person

The Reach of Prejudice

The Roots of Prejudice

The Nature and Nurture of Aggression

Do the Media Influence Social Behavior

Who Likes Whom

The Ups and Downs of Love

Causes of Conflict

Blessed Are the Peacemakers

When Do People Help

Social Psychology and the Sustainable Future

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