Question 1

The text defines discrimination as

Accepted Answer

A)  behaviors directed toward people on the basis of their group membership. 
B)  feelings toward people on the basis of their group membership. 
C)  the extent to which a person perceives his or her own group as superior to other groups. 
D)  generalized beliefs about members of social groups. 
A)  behaviors directed toward people on the basis of their group membership. 
B)  feelings toward people on the basis of their group membership. 
C)  the extent to which a person perceives his or her own group as superior to other groups. 
D)  generalized beliefs about members of social groups.

Question 2

The goal-based approach suggests that one effective strategy for reducing prejudice is to

Accepted Answer

A)  activate goals that are incompatible with prejudice, stereotyping, and discrimination. 
B)  put people in a situation where their goal is to make judgments as quickly as possible. 
C)  put people in situations where they have to compete against the other group. 
D)  teach people the true facts about members of other groups. 
A)  activate goals that are incompatible with prejudice, stereotyping, and discrimination. 
B)  put people in a situation where their goal is to make judgments as quickly as possible. 
C)  put people in situations where they have to compete against the other group. 
D)  teach people the true facts about members of other groups.

Question 3

In a study conducted by Greenwald and colleagues (2003),participants played a videogame-like task in which a black or white character popped out from behind a dumpster.Participants had to quickly decide if the character was a criminal holding a gun,a private citizen,or an undercover officer.One of the conclusions the researchers reached was that

Accepted Answer

A)  time pressure tends to eliminate prejudiced responses. 
B)  people pay more attention to details about individuals of other races. 
C)  cultural stereotypes can be transmitted from generation to generation. 
D)  stereotypical biases can occur automatically without conscious attention. 
A)  time pressure tends to eliminate prejudiced responses. 
B)  people pay more attention to details about individuals of other races. 
C)  cultural stereotypes can be transmitted from generation to generation. 
D)  stereotypical biases can occur automatically without conscious attention.

Question 4

In Simon and Greenberg's (1996)study,participants worked on a group project with an African-American confederate and then read an ethnic slur about him,supposedly written by another subject.What was observed when participants evaluated their confederates?

Accepted Answer

A)  Evaluations by anti-black participants were made more negative by hearing the slur. 
B)  Evaluations by pro-black participants were made more positive by hearing the slur. 
C)  Evaluations by ambivalent participants were made more negative by hearing the slur. 
D)  Evaluations by ambivalent participants were not changed by hearing the slur. 
A)  Evaluations by anti-black participants were made more negative by hearing the slur. 
B)  Evaluations by pro-black participants were made more positive by hearing the slur. 
C)  Evaluations by ambivalent participants were made more negative by hearing the slur. 
D)  Evaluations by ambivalent participants were not changed by hearing the slur.

Question 5

Which of the following is FALSE about institutionalized discrimination?

Accepted Answer

A)  It may be direct. 
B)  It may be hostile. 
C)  It may be unintentional. 
D)  It is performed by individuals. 
A)  It may be direct. 
B)  It may be hostile. 
C)  It may be unintentional. 
D)  It is performed by individuals.

Question 6

Some people are more likely to express prejudice and use stereotypes than others.Describe three personal factors that influence the tendency to express prejudice.To which goal is each of these factors related?

Accepted Answer

Possible personal factors categorized by

Question 7

Describe a person who is high on social dominance orientation,and be sure to address how likely that person is to hold prejudices.

Accepted Answer

SDO is the extent to which a person desi

Question 8

Persons who have high need for structure

Accepted Answer

A)  look for complex ways to view the world. 
B)  are more likely to use their stereotypes to understand others. 
C)  are less likely to fall prey to the correspondence bias. 
D)  are less likely to express prejudice. 
A)  look for complex ways to view the world. 
B)  are more likely to use their stereotypes to understand others. 
C)  are less likely to fall prey to the correspondence bias. 
D)  are less likely to express prejudice.

Question 9

Stereotyping allows us to gain potentially useful information for relatively little cognitive effort.What personal and situational factors can make people more likely to use their stereotypes in order to conserve mental effort?

Accepted Answer

Personal factors: need for str

Question 10

According to the text,the tendency to benefit members of our own groups over members of other groups

Accepted Answer

A)  was less common when our ancestors were living in small communities. 
B)  is less likely to occur when the ingroup members are relatives. 
C)  may stem from the human tendency to desire the survival of their genes. 
D)  has been demonstrated only in individualistic cultures. 
A)  was less common when our ancestors were living in small communities. 
B)  is less likely to occur when the ingroup members are relatives. 
C)  may stem from the human tendency to desire the survival of their genes. 
D)  has been demonstrated only in individualistic cultures.

Question 11

How did Sherif and colleagues reduce intergroup hostilities in the famous "Robber's Cave" study?

Accepted Answer

A)  by introducing cooperative tasks 
B)  by introducing competitive games 
C)  by teaching campers about the outgroup and its likes and dislikes 
D)  by increasing the arousal level before the members of the two groups met 
A)  by introducing cooperative tasks 
B)  by introducing competitive games 
C)  by teaching campers about the outgroup and its likes and dislikes 
D)  by increasing the arousal level before the members of the two groups met

Question 12

The contact hypothesis has received a great deal of empirical support (showing that contact alone reduces intergroup conflict).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Members of ethnic group Y blame members of ethnic group Z for the poor job opportunities in society.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  scapegoating. 
B)  stereotype threat. 
C)  perceived outgroup homogeneity. 
D)  social identity theory. 
A)  scapegoating. 
B)  stereotype threat. 
C)  perceived outgroup homogeneity. 
D)  social identity theory.

Question 14

In gym class,Emily is randomly assigned to the "Hawks" group,which plays on the basketball court while the "Wolves" group plays on the baseball field.Later,Emily gives cookies to other Hawks but not to any Wolves.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  social dominance orientation. 
B)  realistic group conflict theory. 
C)  implicit stereotyping as a result of a minimal intergroup intervention. 
D)  ingroup bias as a result of a minimal intergroup intervention. 
A)  social dominance orientation. 
B)  realistic group conflict theory. 
C)  implicit stereotyping as a result of a minimal intergroup intervention. 
D)  ingroup bias as a result of a minimal intergroup intervention.

Question 15

Which of the following techniques is LEAST likely to reduce intergroup prejudice?

Accepted Answer

A)  instructing persons to empathize with persons in another group 
B)  giving persons opportunities for self-affirmation 
C)  making persons' egalitarian values salient 
D)  giving persons factual information about the other group 
A)  instructing persons to empathize with persons in another group 
B)  giving persons opportunities for self-affirmation 
C)  making persons' egalitarian values salient 
D)  giving persons factual information about the other group

Question 16

The tendency to benefit members of one's own group over members of other groups is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  ingroup bias. 
B)  individuating favoritism. 
C)  outgroup denigration. 
D)  strategic inequality. 
A)  ingroup bias. 
B)  individuating favoritism. 
C)  outgroup denigration. 
D)  strategic inequality.

Question 17

An American student feels very positively toward the Swedish culture and people.This student is

Accepted Answer

A)  discriminating against Americans. 
B)  stereotyping Swedish people. 
C)  prejudiced in favor of Swedish people. 
D)  prejudiced in favor of Americans. 
A)  discriminating against Americans. 
B)  stereotyping Swedish people. 
C)  prejudiced in favor of Swedish people. 
D)  prejudiced in favor of Americans.

Question 18

Implicit prejudices are

Accepted Answer

A)  prejudices that are not expressed publicly. 
B)  prejudices that apply to groups with whom one has never had direct contact. 
C)  milder forms of prejudice. 
D)  prejudices that an individual may not be aware of and cannot directly report. 
A)  prejudices that are not expressed publicly. 
B)  prejudices that apply to groups with whom one has never had direct contact. 
C)  milder forms of prejudice. 
D)  prejudices that an individual may not be aware of and cannot directly report.

Question 19

Robert believes that all New Yorkers are loud and obnoxious,dislikes them,and refuses to take phone messages from his sister's New York friends.His ________ is an example of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  refusal to take phone messages; stereotyping 
B)  dislike of all New Yorkers; discrimination 
C)  belief that all New Yorkers are loud and obnoxious; stereotyping 
D)  refusal to take phone messages; prejudice 
A)  refusal to take phone messages; stereotyping 
B)  dislike of all New Yorkers; discrimination 
C)  belief that all New Yorkers are loud and obnoxious; stereotyping 
D)  refusal to take phone messages; prejudice

Question 20

Which of the following is true about efficient stereotypes?

Accepted Answer

A)  They require extra cognitive effort to apply them. 
B)  They stem from the tendency to see other groups as being overly heterogeneous. 
C)  They often exaggerate real differences between groups. 
D)  They rarely reflect any real differences between groups. 
A)  They require extra cognitive effort to apply them. 
B)  They stem from the tendency to see other groups as being overly heterogeneous. 
C)  They often exaggerate real differences between groups. 
D)  They rarely reflect any real differences between groups.

The text defines discrimination as

The goal-based approach suggests that one effective strategy for reducing prejudice is to

In Simon and Greenberg's (1996)study,participants worked on a group project with an African-American confederate and then read an ethnic slur about him,supposedly written by another subject.What was observed when participants evaluated their confederates?

Which of the following is FALSE about institutionalized discrimination?

Some people are more likely to express prejudice and use stereotypes than others.Describe three personal factors that influence the tendency to express prejudice.To which goal is each of these factors related?

Describe a person who is high on social dominance orientation,and be sure to address how likely that person is to hold prejudices.

Persons who have high need for structure

Stereotyping allows us to gain potentially useful information for relatively little cognitive effort.What personal and situational factors can make people more likely to use their stereotypes in order to conserve mental effort?

According to the text,the tendency to benefit members of our own groups over members of other groups

How did Sherif and colleagues reduce intergroup hostilities in the famous "Robber's Cave" study?

The contact hypothesis has received a great deal of empirical support (showing that contact alone reduces intergroup conflict).

Members of ethnic group Y blame members of ethnic group Z for the poor job opportunities in society.This is an example of

In gym class,Emily is randomly assigned to the "Hawks" group,which plays on the basketball court while the "Wolves" group plays on the baseball field.Later,Emily gives cookies to other Hawks but not to any Wolves.This is an example of

Which of the following techniques is LEAST likely to reduce intergroup prejudice?

The tendency to benefit members of one's own group over members of other groups is known as

An American student feels very positively toward the Swedish culture and people.This student is

Implicit prejudices are

Robert believes that all New Yorkers are loud and obnoxious,dislikes them,and refuses to take phone messages from his sister's New York friends.His is an example of .

Which of the following is true about efficient stereotypes?

Introduction to Social Psychology

The Person and the Situation

Social Cognition: Understanding Ourselves and Others

Presenting the Self

Attitudes and Persuasion

Social Influence: Conformity, Compliance, and Obedience

Affiliation and Friendship

Love and Romantic Relationships

Prosocial Behavior

Aggression

Groups

Social Dilemmas: Cooperation versus Conflict

Integrating Social Psychology

Filters

Exam 11: Prejudice, Stereotyping, and Discrimination

The text defines discrimination as

The goal-based approach suggests that one effective strategy for reducing prejudice is to

In Simon and Greenberg's (1996)study,participants worked on a group project with an African-American confederate and then read an ethnic slur about him,supposedly written by another subject.What was observed when participants evaluated their confederates?

Which of the following is FALSE about institutionalized discrimination?

Some people are more likely to express prejudice and use stereotypes than others.Describe three personal factors that influence the tendency to express prejudice.To which goal is each of these factors related?

Describe a person who is high on social dominance orientation,and be sure to address how likely that person is to hold prejudices.

Persons who have high need for structure

Stereotyping allows us to gain potentially useful information for relatively little cognitive effort.What personal and situational factors can make people more likely to use their stereotypes in order to conserve mental effort?

According to the text,the tendency to benefit members of our own groups over members of other groups

How did Sherif and colleagues reduce intergroup hostilities in the famous "Robber's Cave" study?

The contact hypothesis has received a great deal of empirical support (showing that contact alone reduces intergroup conflict).

Members of ethnic group Y blame members of ethnic group Z for the poor job opportunities in society.This is an example of

In gym class,Emily is randomly assigned to the "Hawks" group,which plays on the basketball court while the "Wolves" group plays on the baseball field.Later,Emily gives cookies to other Hawks but not to any Wolves.This is an example of

Which of the following techniques is LEAST likely to reduce intergroup prejudice?

The tendency to benefit members of one's own group over members of other groups is known as

An American student feels very positively toward the Swedish culture and people.This student is

Implicit prejudices are

Robert believes that all New Yorkers are loud and obnoxious,dislikes them,and refuses to take phone messages from his sister's New York friends.His ________ is an example of ________.

Which of the following is true about efficient stereotypes?

Introduction to Social Psychology

The Person and the Situation

Social Cognition: Understanding Ourselves and Others

Presenting the Self

Attitudes and Persuasion

Social Influence: Conformity, Compliance, and Obedience

Affiliation and Friendship

Love and Romantic Relationships

Prosocial Behavior

Aggression

Groups

Social Dilemmas: Cooperation versus Conflict

Integrating Social Psychology

Filters

Robert believes that all New Yorkers are loud and obnoxious,dislikes them,and refuses to take phone messages from his sister's New York friends.His is an example of .