Question 1

Arguments favoring social responsibility of business entities include all but which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) Corporations are subject to a higher standard of accountability than are public bodies. 
B) Limited liability granted to corporations carries a responsibility to contribute to society's betterment. 
C) Corporate involvement in social causes makes good business sense. 
D) The more responsibly companies act, the less regulation the government must provide. 
A) Corporations are subject to a higher standard of accountability than are public bodies. 
B) Limited liability granted to corporations carries a responsibility to contribute to society's betterment. 
C) Corporate involvement in social causes makes good business sense. 
D) The more responsibly companies act, the less regulation the government must provide.

Question 2

Nineteen-year-old Martin was raised in a good, Christian home and attended parochial school through eighth grade. Martin is a good student and citizen who conforms to the expectations of his church, family, and peers.He does so because he loves his family and church, is loyal to them, and trusts them.Under Kohlberg's schematic analysis, Martin is most likely at what stage of moral development?

Accepted Answer

A) Preconventional 
B) Conventional 
C) Postconventional 
D) Universal 
A) Preconventional 
B) Conventional 
C) Postconventional 
D) Universal

Question 3

The definition of the doctrine of ethical relativism includes:

Accepted Answer

A) that when any two individuals differ regarding the morality of an issue or action, they are both correct because morality is relative. 
B) the proposition that a good or moral act is one that results in "the greatest good for the greatest number." 
C) the notion that cost-benefit analysis is relative to making ethical decisions. 
D) that, without any further evaluation, the ultimate judgment of the correctness of an action relates to pronouncements of a central authority. 
A) that when any two individuals differ regarding the morality of an issue or action, they are both correct because morality is relative. 
B) the proposition that a good or moral act is one that results in "the greatest good for the greatest number." 
C) the notion that cost-benefit analysis is relative to making ethical decisions. 
D) that, without any further evaluation, the ultimate judgment of the correctness of an action relates to pronouncements of a central authority.

Question 4

From a Kantian perspective, for an action to be moral, it must be possible for it to be made into a universal law and it must respect the autonomy and rationality of all human beings.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Situational ethics is essentially the same as ethical relativism.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Through his observation of human behavior, psychologist Lawrence Kohlberg developed a model of moral development.Describe the stages of moral development that were studied and developed by Kohlberg and the relevance of this model for ethical business behavior.

Accepted Answer

Kohlberg's first stage of moral developm

Question 7

Ethical relativism holds that when any two individuals or cultures differ regarding the morality of a particular issue or action, they are both correct because morality is relative.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

How does Immanuel Kant's approach to ethical decision-making differ from that of an ethical fundamentalist?

Accepted Answer

A) Kant's approach is premised on man's rationality and not on principles handed down from above. 
B) Kant's approach stresses liberty and not justice. 
C) Kant's approach judges society in moral terms by how it distributes goods and services. 
D) Kant's approach assesses each separate act according to whether it maximizes pleasure over pain. 
A) Kant's approach is premised on man's rationality and not on principles handed down from above. 
B) Kant's approach stresses liberty and not justice. 
C) Kant's approach judges society in moral terms by how it distributes goods and services. 
D) Kant's approach assesses each separate act according to whether it maximizes pleasure over pain.

Question 9

Situational ethics judges a person's ethics, and it does so from the perspective of the actor.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Most philosophers now agree that people can discover fundamental ethical rules by applying careful a priori
reasoning.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

An auto designer chooses to devote his efforts to designing an automobile that is the safest vehicle possible.He does so because he wishes to save lives and prevent disabling injuries.He believes he and his employer have a duty to provide the public with the safest possible vehicle.The designer's approach to ethical decision-making is best characterized as:

Accepted Answer

A) utilitarian. 
B) deontological. 
C) ethically relative. 
D) ethically fundamental. 
A) utilitarian. 
B) deontological. 
C) ethically relative. 
D) ethically fundamental.

Question 12

A common criticism of deontological ethical theories is that they:

Accepted Answer

A) are excessively pragmatic. 
B) are rigid and excessively formal. 
C) only consider actions by their motives. 
D) fail to consider universal principles. 
A) are excessively pragmatic. 
B) are rigid and excessively formal. 
C) only consider actions by their motives. 
D) fail to consider universal principles.

Question 13

Although discussions have occurred, thus far legislators have not passed any statutes which seek to prevent corporate misconduct and increase corporate responsibility.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Business ethics is a subset of ethics; there is no special set of ethical principles that applies only to the business world.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

What is unjust to a social egalitarian will also be unjust to a libertarian.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The type of moral equality espoused by John Rawls is:

Accepted Answer

A) freedom to do what one wishes. 
B) social and material equality. 
C) freedom from government regulation. 
D) equality of opportunity, not of results. 
A) freedom to do what one wishes. 
B) social and material equality. 
C) freedom from government regulation. 
D) equality of opportunity, not of results.

Question 17

The theory of distributive justice analyzes society through a "veil of ignorance."

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Jeremy Bentham was not a proponent of utilitarianism.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

A leading proponent of the utilitarian approach to ethics was the eighteenth-century philosopher Immanuel Kant.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The definition of business ethics includes which of the following points?

Accepted Answer

A) It is a science completely separate from applied ethics. 
B) It is fully codified in federal statutes. 
C) It has a central authority and universal standards. 
D) It seeks to determine what is good and right in business settings. 
A) It is a science completely separate from applied ethics. 
B) It is fully codified in federal statutes. 
C) It has a central authority and universal standards. 
D) It seeks to determine what is good and right in business settings.

Exam 2: Business Ethics and the Social Responsibility of Business

Arguments favoring social responsibility of business entities include all but which of the following?

The definition of the doctrine of ethical relativism includes:

From a Kantian perspective, for an action to be moral, it must be possible for it to be made into a universal law and it must respect the autonomy and rationality of all human beings.

Situational ethics is essentially the same as ethical relativism.

Through his observation of human behavior, psychologist Lawrence Kohlberg developed a model of moral development.Describe the stages of moral development that were studied and developed by Kohlberg and the relevance of this model for ethical business behavior.

Ethical relativism holds that when any two individuals or cultures differ regarding the morality of a particular issue or action, they are both correct because morality is relative.

How does Immanuel Kant's approach to ethical decision-making differ from that of an ethical fundamentalist?

Situational ethics judges a person's ethics, and it does so from the perspective of the actor.

Most philosophers now agree that people can discover fundamental ethical rules by applying careful a priori reasoning.

A common criticism of deontological ethical theories is that they:

Although discussions have occurred, thus far legislators have not passed any statutes which seek to prevent corporate misconduct and increase corporate responsibility.

Business ethics is a subset of ethics; there is no special set of ethical principles that applies only to the business world.

What is unjust to a social egalitarian will also be unjust to a libertarian.

The type of moral equality espoused by John Rawls is:

The theory of distributive justice analyzes society through a "veil of ignorance."

Jeremy Bentham was not a proponent of utilitarianism.

A leading proponent of the utilitarian approach to ethics was the eighteenth-century philosopher Immanuel Kant.

The definition of business ethics includes which of the following points?

Introduction to Law

Civil Dispute Resolution

Constitutional Law

Administrative Law

Criminal Law

Intentional Torts

Negligence and Strict Liability

Introduction to Contracts

Mutual Assent

Conduct Invalidating Assent

Consideration

Illegal Bargains

Contractual Capacity

Contracts in Writing

Third Parties to Contracts

Performance, Breach, and Discharge

Contract Remedies

Relationship of Principal and Agent

Relationship With Third Parties

Introduction to Sales and Leases

Performance

Transfer of Title and Risk of Loss

Products Liability: Warranties and Strict Liability in Tort

Sales Remedies

Form and Content

Transfer and Holder in Due Course

Liability of Parties

Bank Deposits, Collections, and Funds Transfers

Formation and Internal Relations of General Partnerships

Operation and Dissolution of General Partnerships

Limited Partnerships and Limited Liability Companies

Nature, Formation, and Powers

Financial Structure

Management Structure

Fundamental Changes

Secured Transactions and Suretyship

Bankruptcy

Protection of Intellectual Property

Antitrust

Consumer Protection

Employment Law

Securities Regulation

Accountants Legal Liability

Environmental Law

International Business Law

Introduction to Property, Property Insurance, Bailments, and Documents of Title

Interests in Real Property

Transfer and Control of Real Property

Trusts and Decedents Estates

51: The Legal Environment Of Business

52: Contracts.

53: Agency.

54: Sales

55: Negotiable Instruments

56: Unincorporated Business Association

57: Corporations

58: Debtor and Creditor Relation

59: Regulation of Business

60: Property.

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