Question 1

For approximately the last 150 years, the Earth's average global temperature has:

Accepted Answer

A)  remained relatively constant. 
B)  decreased. 
C)  increased. 
D)  alternated between warming and cooling. 
A)  remained relatively constant. 
B)  decreased. 
C)  increased. 
D)  alternated between warming and cooling.

Question 2

All of the following landforms were shaped by continental ice sheets EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  the mountain peaks of Glacier National Park. 
B)  the Great Lakes. 
C)  the Puget Sound of Washington. 
D)  the Finger Lakes of New York. 
A)  the mountain peaks of Glacier National Park. 
B)  the Great Lakes. 
C)  the Puget Sound of Washington. 
D)  the Finger Lakes of New York.

Question 3

Salinity- driven currents are considered a major factor in ice- age glacial expansions because:

Accepted Answer

A)  salt lowers the freezing point of water. 
B)  their heat- carrying capacity during nonglacial times transports heat from the lower latitudes to the higher latitudes. 
C)  dense saline water has a higher albedo than less saline water. 
D)  dense saline currents are more able to transport large blocks of ice. 
A)  salt lowers the freezing point of water. 
B)  their heat- carrying capacity during nonglacial times transports heat from the lower latitudes to the higher latitudes. 
C)  dense saline water has a higher albedo than less saline water. 
D)  dense saline currents are more able to transport large blocks of ice.

Question 4

Many geologists have concluded that the development of ice ages requires:

Accepted Answer

A)  all of the Earth's continents to mass together near the poles, and dramatic shifting of the climatic belts. 
B)  relatively high- elevation landmasses near the equator and relatively low- elevation landmasses near the poles. 
C)  sizable landmasses near the poles, and land surfaces with relatively high elevation. 
D)  massive amounts of near polar waters, and an increased distance between the Earth and the Sun. 
A)  all of the Earth's continents to mass together near the poles, and dramatic shifting of the climatic belts. 
B)  relatively high- elevation landmasses near the equator and relatively low- elevation landmasses near the poles. 
C)  sizable landmasses near the poles, and land surfaces with relatively high elevation. 
D)  massive amounts of near polar waters, and an increased distance between the Earth and the Sun.

Question 5

Given that the deepest carved channels in the scablands are nearly 250 meters in depth, the height of the floodwaters must have been at least:

Accepted Answer

A)  1000 meters. 
B)  100 meters. 
C)  500 meters. 
D)  250 meters. 
A)  1000 meters. 
B)  100 meters. 
C)  500 meters. 
D)  250 meters.

Question 6

In a confined glacier, the glacial ice tends to flow from the accumulation zone toward the ablation zone under which conditions?

Accepted Answer

A)  Accumulation is less than ablation. 
B)  Accumulation is greater than ablation. 
C)  Accumulation and ablation are equal. 
D)  All of the above. 
A)  Accumulation is less than ablation. 
B)  Accumulation is greater than ablation. 
C)  Accumulation and ablation are equal. 
D)  All of the above.

Question 7

All of the following landforms would be absent without the work of glaciers EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  Niagara Falls. 
B)  Cape Cod. 
C)  the Great Lakes. 
D)  the Rocky Mountains. 
A)  Niagara Falls. 
B)  Cape Cod. 
C)  the Great Lakes. 
D)  the Rocky Mountains.

Question 8

Which of the following was NOT an effect on flora and fauna during ice- age glaciation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Many species living as much as 2000 miles from the ice were forced into accelerated competition for resources. 
B)  Many species of both plants and animals were able to migrate. 
C)  Many species were able to adapt to living on glacial ice. 
D)  Many species that existed during ice ages became extinct. 
A)  Many species living as much as 2000 miles from the ice were forced into accelerated competition for resources. 
B)  Many species of both plants and animals were able to migrate. 
C)  Many species were able to adapt to living on glacial ice. 
D)  Many species that existed during ice ages became extinct.

Question 9

Which of the following statements concerning the most recent ice age is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A)  In some places in North America, ice was 2.5 miles thick during the last major ice advance. 
B)  The last glacial advance occurred during the Pleistocene Epoch which ended about 10,000 years ago. 
C)  About 20,000 years ago, ice covered roughly 50% of the Earth's land surface. 
D)  We now live in a warm interglacial period of an ice age. 
A)  In some places in North America, ice was 2.5 miles thick during the last major ice advance. 
B)  The last glacial advance occurred during the Pleistocene Epoch which ended about 10,000 years ago. 
C)  About 20,000 years ago, ice covered roughly 50% of the Earth's land surface. 
D)  We now live in a warm interglacial period of an ice age.

Question 10

The difference between a cirque and a tarn is:

Accepted Answer

A)  a cirque is a basin made by a glacier while a tarn is a mountain pass between two cirques. 
B)  a tarn is a basin made by a glacier while a cirque is a sharp ridge between two tarns. 
C)  a cirque is at the zone of accumulation while a tarn is at the zone of ablation. 
D)  a cirque is a basin made by a glacier while a tarn is a lake within a cirque. 
A)  a cirque is a basin made by a glacier while a tarn is a mountain pass between two cirques. 
B)  a tarn is a basin made by a glacier while a cirque is a sharp ridge between two tarns. 
C)  a cirque is at the zone of accumulation while a tarn is at the zone of ablation. 
D)  a cirque is a basin made by a glacier while a tarn is a lake within a cirque.

Question 11

A roche mountonne´e can indicate the direction of glacial flow from all of the following features EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  its symmetrical sides are parallel to glacial flow. 
B)  the down- glacier side is the most heavily quarried. 
C)  the up- glacial side is usually well striated. 
D)  the up- glacier side is steep and jagged. 
A)  its symmetrical sides are parallel to glacial flow. 
B)  the down- glacier side is the most heavily quarried. 
C)  the up- glacial side is usually well striated. 
D)  the up- glacier side is steep and jagged.

Question 12

All of the following statements concerning Glacial Lake Missoula are true EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  the lake was as large as present- day Lake Superior. 
B)  the lake was at least 300 meters deep. 
C)  the last flood took place about 13,000 years ago. 
D)  the lake was impounded by the Purcell Ice Lobe. 
A)  the lake was as large as present- day Lake Superior. 
B)  the lake was at least 300 meters deep. 
C)  the last flood took place about 13,000 years ago. 
D)  the lake was impounded by the Purcell Ice Lobe.

Question 13

List and describe the different classifications of glaciers.

Accepted Answer

Glaciers are classified by whether the l

Question 14

Describe the evidence for past and present glaciation on Mars.

Accepted Answer

The present glaciation on Mars is visibl

Question 15

The term "albedo" refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)  the percentage of solar radiation that is absorbed by the Earth's atmosphere. 
B)  the percentage of solar radiation that reaches the Earth's surface. 
C)  the percentage of solar radiation that is reflected away from the Earth's surface. 
D)  the percentage of solar radiation that is absorbed by the Earth's surface. 
A)  the percentage of solar radiation that is absorbed by the Earth's atmosphere. 
B)  the percentage of solar radiation that reaches the Earth's surface. 
C)  the percentage of solar radiation that is reflected away from the Earth's surface. 
D)  the percentage of solar radiation that is absorbed by the Earth's surface.

For approximately the last 150 years, the Earth's average global temperature has:

All of the following landforms were shaped by continental ice sheets EXCEPT:

Salinity- driven currents are considered a major factor in ice- age glacial expansions because:

Many geologists have concluded that the development of ice ages requires:

Given that the deepest carved channels in the scablands are nearly 250 meters in depth, the height of the floodwaters must have been at least:

In a confined glacier, the glacial ice tends to flow from the accumulation zone toward the ablation zone under which conditions?

All of the following landforms would be absent without the work of glaciers EXCEPT:

Which of the following was NOT an effect on flora and fauna during ice- age glaciation?

Which of the following statements concerning the most recent ice age is NOT true?

The difference between a cirque and a tarn is:

A roche mountonne´e can indicate the direction of glacial flow from all of the following features EXCEPT:

All of the following statements concerning Glacial Lake Missoula are true EXCEPT:

List and describe the different classifications of glaciers.

Describe the evidence for past and present glaciation on Mars.

The term "albedo" refers to:

A First Look at Planet Earth - Its Origins, Systems, and Tectonic Plates

Minerals

Igneous Rocks and Processes

Volcanoes and Volcanism

Weathering - the Breakdown of Rocks

Sedimentary Processes, Environments, and Rocks

Metamorphism and Metamorphic Rocks

Telling Time Geologically

Earth Structures - Folds, Faults, and Fabrics

Earthquakes

The Earths Interior - Whats Going on Down There

Plate Tectonics and the Formation of the Earths Oceans

Continental Tectonics and the Formation of the Earths Continents

Mass Movement

Streams and Floods

Groundwater

Deserts and the Work of Winds

Shores and Coastal Processes

Human Use of the Earths Resources Appendices Glossary

Filters

Exam 17: Glaciers and Ice Ages

For approximately the last 150 years, the Earth's average global temperature has:

All of the following landforms were shaped by continental ice sheets EXCEPT:

Salinity- driven currents are considered a major factor in ice- age glacial expansions because:

Many geologists have concluded that the development of ice ages requires:

Given that the deepest carved channels in the scablands are nearly 250 meters in depth, the height of the floodwaters must have been at least:

In a confined glacier, the glacial ice tends to flow from the accumulation zone toward the ablation zone under which conditions?

All of the following landforms would be absent without the work of glaciers EXCEPT:

Which of the following was NOT an effect on flora and fauna during ice- age glaciation?

Which of the following statements concerning the most recent ice age is NOT true?

The difference between a cirque and a tarn is:

A roche mountonne´e can indicate the direction of glacial flow from all of the following features EXCEPT:

All of the following statements concerning Glacial Lake Missoula are true EXCEPT:

List and describe the different classifications of glaciers.

Describe the evidence for past and present glaciation on Mars.

The term "albedo" refers to:

A First Look at Planet Earth - Its Origins, Systems, and Tectonic Plates

Minerals

Igneous Rocks and Processes

Volcanoes and Volcanism

Weathering - the Breakdown of Rocks

Sedimentary Processes, Environments, and Rocks

Metamorphism and Metamorphic Rocks

Telling Time Geologically

Earth Structures - Folds, Faults, and Fabrics

Earthquakes

The Earths Interior - Whats Going on Down There

Plate Tectonics and the Formation of the Earths Oceans

Continental Tectonics and the Formation of the Earths Continents

Mass Movement

Streams and Floods

Groundwater

Deserts and the Work of Winds

Shores and Coastal Processes

Human Use of the Earths Resources Appendices Glossary

Filters