Question 1

In his address on "The Value of Behavioral Research with Animals," Neal Miller argued that

Accepted Answer

A) all animal research is justified 
B) animal research contributes to the psychological well being of humans 
C) animal research should only be done if it can be shown that the research directly benefits animals as well as humans 
D) the benefits of animal research have been significantly overstated 
A) all animal research is justified 
B) animal research contributes to the psychological well being of humans 
C) animal research should only be done if it can be shown that the research directly benefits animals as well as humans 
D) the benefits of animal research have been significantly overstated

Question 2

What does the APA ethics code for animal research have in common with the code for human research?

Accepted Answer

A) both have a need for informed consent 
B) both have a need to balance scientific merit and potential harm to subjects 
C) both have a need to test as few subjects as possible 
D) both require IRB approval 
A) both have a need for informed consent 
B) both have a need to balance scientific merit and potential harm to subjects 
C) both have a need to test as few subjects as possible 
D) both require IRB approval

Question 3

Diederick Stapel was found to have committed scientific fraud in the fabricating of data for many of his studies. What does his case illustrate about data falsification?

Accepted Answer

A) if fraudulent results are believable and understandable, the fraud may go undetected 
B) most scientific fraud can be detected because the results will not be replicated when other scientists study the phenomenon 
C) scientific fraud is often uncovered during the peer review process for journal publication 
D) scientific fraud generally happens when researchers become mentally unbalanced 
A) if fraudulent results are believable and understandable, the fraud may go undetected 
B) most scientific fraud can be detected because the results will not be replicated when other scientists study the phenomenon 
C) scientific fraud is often uncovered during the peer review process for journal publication 
D) scientific fraud generally happens when researchers become mentally unbalanced

Question 4

In the early years of the 19th century, antivivisectionists criticized

Accepted Answer

A) Watson's research on determining which senses contributed to maze learning 
B) Watson and Rayner's Little Albert study 
C) Small's pioneering maze learning studies 
D) any medical research involving either humans or animals 
A) Watson's research on determining which senses contributed to maze learning 
B) Watson and Rayner's Little Albert study 
C) Small's pioneering maze learning studies 
D) any medical research involving either humans or animals

Question 5

Milgram's participants thought they were in a study about _______ when in fact they were in a study about _________.

Accepted Answer

A) obedience; punishment and learning 
B) punishment and learning; obedience 
C) obedience; helping behavior 
D) helping behavior; obedience 
A) obedience; punishment and learning 
B) punishment and learning; obedience 
C) obedience; helping behavior 
D) helping behavior; obedience

Question 6

The purpose of Watson and Rayner's Little Albert study was to

Accepted Answer

A) determine if emotional responses could be conditioned 
B) evaluate the effectiveness of a therapy for treating children's fears 
C) determine the stimuli that produced the basic emotions 
D) see if humans learned in the same way as animals 
A) determine if emotional responses could be conditioned 
B) evaluate the effectiveness of a therapy for treating children's fears 
C) determine the stimuli that produced the basic emotions 
D) see if humans learned in the same way as animals

Question 7

Which of the following is true of the Willowbrook hepatitis study?

Accepted Answer

A) there was a complete absence of informed consent 
B) the researchers made no attempt to justify the study 
C) it violated the principle that mentally disabled children should only be studied in research concerning mental disability 
D) patient confidentiality was violated 
A) there was a complete absence of informed consent 
B) the researchers made no attempt to justify the study 
C) it violated the principle that mentally disabled children should only be studied in research concerning mental disability 
D) patient confidentiality was violated

Question 8

Which of the following is true about the use of animals in psychological research?

Accepted Answer

A) animals used to be subjects in the majority of psychological research; they are now used in less than 1% of the studies 
B) animals are no longer used in psychological research 
C) animals are used in about half of the studies done by research psychologists 
D) animals are used in about 8% of psychological research 
A) animals used to be subjects in the majority of psychological research; they are now used in less than 1% of the studies 
B) animals are no longer used in psychological research 
C) animals are used in about half of the studies done by research psychologists 
D) animals are used in about 8% of psychological research

Question 9

The traditional view about data falsification is that it will be detected eventually by the scientific community because

Accepted Answer

A) faked results won't replicate and will therefore be discarded 
B) a faked result will raise suspicions during the peer review process 
C) both alternatives a. and b. 
D) none of the above 
A) faked results won't replicate and will therefore be discarded 
B) a faked result will raise suspicions during the peer review process 
C) both alternatives a. and b. 
D) none of the above

Question 10

If a researcher is concerned about _______, then the researcher may ask participants to not disclose any information to others until the study is completed.

Accepted Answer

A) deception 
B) participant crosstalk 
C) confidentiality 
D) desensitizing 
A) deception 
B) participant crosstalk 
C) confidentiality 
D) desensitizing

Question 11

Dehoaxing is to desensitizing as _______ is to ________.

Accepted Answer

A) explanation; stress reduction 
B) explanation; consent 
C) stress reduction; explanation 
D) stress reduction; consent 
A) explanation; stress reduction 
B) explanation; consent 
C) stress reduction; explanation 
D) stress reduction; consent

Question 12

In debriefing after helping behavior studies, experimenters often emphasize that some situations are often so powerful that nobody could be expected to help. This portion of the postexperimental session is emphasizing what Holmes referred to as

Accepted Answer

A) debriefing 
B) dehoaxing 
C) desensitizing 
D) both alternatives b. and c. 
A) debriefing 
B) dehoaxing 
C) desensitizing 
D) both alternatives b. and c.

Question 13

In a study testing prisoners, special care must be taken to insure that

Accepted Answer

A) families of the prisoners give consent 
B) deception is never used 
C) prisoners don't feel coerced into participating 
D) provide incentives large enough to gain the trust of the prisoners 
A) families of the prisoners give consent 
B) deception is never used 
C) prisoners don't feel coerced into participating 
D) provide incentives large enough to gain the trust of the prisoners

Question 14

According to the APA code of ethics for animal research,

Accepted Answer

A) appetitive procedures are preferred over aversive procedures 
B) using animals for mere educational use is prohibited 
C) in research involving pain, only nonsentient animals may be used 
D) the research supervisor must also be a veterinarian 
A) appetitive procedures are preferred over aversive procedures 
B) using animals for mere educational use is prohibited 
C) in research involving pain, only nonsentient animals may be used 
D) the research supervisor must also be a veterinarian

Question 15

If participants find themselves performing tasks like those encountered in ordinary daily living, then they are considered to be

Accepted Answer

A) experiencing no risk 
B) at risk 
C) at minimal risk 
D) none of the above 
A) experiencing no risk 
B) at risk 
C) at minimal risk 
D) none of the above

Question 16

If a study is planned by a research psychologist but actually carried out by a graduate student, who holds primary responsibility for the "dignity and welfare" of the participants?

Accepted Answer

A) the graduate student 
B) the research psychologist 
C) the Institutional Review Board (i.e., neither the student nor the psychologist) 
D) the participants themselves (buyer beware) 
A) the graduate student 
B) the research psychologist 
C) the Institutional Review Board (i.e., neither the student nor the psychologist) 
D) the participants themselves (buyer beware)

Question 17

All of the following are included in the APA ethics code for research with animals except

Accepted Answer

A) periodic checks of the facility by a veterinarian 
B) an animal subjects committee analogous to an IRB 
C) a prohibition against the use of animals for mere educational use 
D) painless death if euthanasia is necessary 
A) periodic checks of the facility by a veterinarian 
B) an animal subjects committee analogous to an IRB 
C) a prohibition against the use of animals for mere educational use 
D) painless death if euthanasia is necessary

Question 18

A study that involves naturalistic observation of public behavior would likely receive the following designation from an IRB

Accepted Answer

A) exempt from review 
B) expedited review 
C) full review 
D) none of the above 
A) exempt from review 
B) expedited review 
C) full review 
D) none of the above

Question 19

What was the "critical incidents" technique?

Accepted Answer

A) a survey procedure used to elicit examples of unethical conduct by psychologists 
B) a 10-point scale measuring the severity of an ethical infraction 
C) a procedure for identifying studies that were ethically questionable but "critical" for advancing psychological science 
D) a procedure whereby psychologists were sent a set of 50 experiments and asked to criticize them on ethical grounds 
A) a survey procedure used to elicit examples of unethical conduct by psychologists 
B) a 10-point scale measuring the severity of an ethical infraction 
C) a procedure for identifying studies that were ethically questionable but "critical" for advancing psychological science 
D) a procedure whereby psychologists were sent a set of 50 experiments and asked to criticize them on ethical grounds

Question 20

Which of the following is true about falsified data?

Accepted Answer

A) it might go undetected if it is consistent with results from other laboratories 
B) almost all research involves replication, so falsified data is easy to spot 
C) creating all the data for a study is obviously fraudulent, but making up one or two data points is normal practice 
D) fraudulent data is easily spotted because it produces results that don't make sense 
A) it might go undetected if it is consistent with results from other laboratories 
B) almost all research involves replication, so falsified data is easy to spot 
C) creating all the data for a study is obviously fraudulent, but making up one or two data points is normal practice 
D) fraudulent data is easily spotted because it produces results that don't make sense

In his address on "The Value of Behavioral Research with Animals," Neal Miller argued that

What does the APA ethics code for animal research have in common with the code for human research?

Diederick Stapel was found to have committed scientific fraud in the fabricating of data for many of his studies. What does his case illustrate about data falsification?

In the early years of the 19th century, antivivisectionists criticized

Milgram's participants thought they were in a study about _ when in fact they were in a study about ___.

The purpose of Watson and Rayner's Little Albert study was to

Which of the following is true of the Willowbrook hepatitis study?

Which of the following is true about the use of animals in psychological research?

The traditional view about data falsification is that it will be detected eventually by the scientific community because

If a researcher is concerned about _______, then the researcher may ask participants to not disclose any information to others until the study is completed.

Dehoaxing is to desensitizing as _ is to __.

In debriefing after helping behavior studies, experimenters often emphasize that some situations are often so powerful that nobody could be expected to help. This portion of the postexperimental session is emphasizing what Holmes referred to as

In a study testing prisoners, special care must be taken to insure that

According to the APA code of ethics for animal research,

If participants find themselves performing tasks like those encountered in ordinary daily living, then they are considered to be

If a study is planned by a research psychologist but actually carried out by a graduate student, who holds primary responsibility for the "dignity and welfare" of the participants?

All of the following are included in the APA ethics code for research with animals except

A study that involves naturalistic observation of public behavior would likely receive the following designation from an IRB

What was the "critical incidents" technique?

Which of the following is true about falsified data?

Scientific Thinking in Psychology

Developing Ideas for Research in Psychology

Sampling, Measurement, and Hypothesis Testing

Introduction to Experimental Research

Methodological Control in Experimental Research

Experimental Design I: Single-Factor Designs

Experimental Design II: Factorial Designs

Non-Experimental Design I: Survey Methods

Non-Experimental Design II: Observational and Archival Methods

Quasi-Experimental Designs and Applied Research

Small N Designs

Filters

Exam 2: Ethics in Psychological Research

In his address on "The Value of Behavioral Research with Animals," Neal Miller argued that

What does the APA ethics code for animal research have in common with the code for human research?

Diederick Stapel was found to have committed scientific fraud in the fabricating of data for many of his studies. What does his case illustrate about data falsification?

In the early years of the 19th century, antivivisectionists criticized

Milgram's participants thought they were in a study about _______ when in fact they were in a study about _________.

The purpose of Watson and Rayner's Little Albert study was to

Which of the following is true of the Willowbrook hepatitis study?

Which of the following is true about the use of animals in psychological research?

The traditional view about data falsification is that it will be detected eventually by the scientific community because

If a researcher is concerned about _______, then the researcher may ask participants to not disclose any information to others until the study is completed.

Dehoaxing is to desensitizing as _______ is to ________.

In debriefing after helping behavior studies, experimenters often emphasize that some situations are often so powerful that nobody could be expected to help. This portion of the postexperimental session is emphasizing what Holmes referred to as

In a study testing prisoners, special care must be taken to insure that

According to the APA code of ethics for animal research,

If participants find themselves performing tasks like those encountered in ordinary daily living, then they are considered to be

If a study is planned by a research psychologist but actually carried out by a graduate student, who holds primary responsibility for the "dignity and welfare" of the participants?

All of the following are included in the APA ethics code for research with animals except

A study that involves naturalistic observation of public behavior would likely receive the following designation from an IRB

What was the "critical incidents" technique?

Which of the following is true about falsified data?

Scientific Thinking in Psychology

Developing Ideas for Research in Psychology

Sampling, Measurement, and Hypothesis Testing

Introduction to Experimental Research

Methodological Control in Experimental Research

Experimental Design I: Single-Factor Designs

Experimental Design II: Factorial Designs

Non-Experimental Design I: Survey Methods

Non-Experimental Design II: Observational and Archival Methods

Quasi-Experimental Designs and Applied Research

Small N Designs

Filters

Milgram's participants thought they were in a study about _ when in fact they were in a study about ___.

Dehoaxing is to desensitizing as _ is to __.