Question 1

The type of bond indicated by the dotted lines in the accompanying figure is a hydrogen bond.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

The accompanying figure shows a triglyceride that is liquid at room temperature.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

Molecules that are polar and attracted to water are ________; molecules that are nonpolar and therefore not attracted to water are ________.

Accepted Answer

hydrophili

Question 4

A student measuring the pH of the water in a fish tank found it to have a pH of 8. Which one of the following statements is TRUE regarding that solution?

Accepted Answer

A)  The water is alkaline. 
B)  The water does not contain hydrogen ions. 
C)  The water contains equal numbers of hydrogen ions and hydroxyl ions. 
D)  The water is highly acidic. 
E)  The water is more alkaline than a solution with a pH of 10. 
A)  The water is alkaline. 
B)  The water does not contain hydrogen ions. 
C)  The water contains equal numbers of hydrogen ions and hydroxyl ions. 
D)  The water is highly acidic. 
E)  The water is more alkaline than a solution with a pH of 10.

Question 5

Atoms with either more or fewer neutrons than the usual number for an element are referred to as isotopes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Each of the following statements about carbon is TRUE EXCEPT which one?

Accepted Answer

A)  All organic molecules contain carbon. 
B)  Carbon atoms form four covalent bonds. 
C)  Carbon atoms form diverse molecules that may be linear, branched, or circular. 
D)  Carbon can form strong hydrogen bonds with other elements. 
E)  Carbon can form bonds with hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, as well as another carbon atom. 
A)  All organic molecules contain carbon. 
B)  Carbon atoms form four covalent bonds. 
C)  Carbon atoms form diverse molecules that may be linear, branched, or circular. 
D)  Carbon can form strong hydrogen bonds with other elements. 
E)  Carbon can form bonds with hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, as well as another carbon atom.

Question 7

A solution with a pH of 6 has ________ times as many hydrogen ions as a solution with a pH of 8.

Accepted Answer

A)  1,000 
B)  10 
C)  100 
D)  10,000 
E)  100,000 
A)  1,000 
B)  10 
C)  100 
D)  10,000 
E)  100,000

Question 8

Body fluids in humans have a high buffering capacity because of

Accepted Answer

A)  the presence of the bicarbonate/carbonic acid buffer system. 
B)  the natural result of water as a solvent. 
C)  hydrogen bonding between water molecules in biological fluids. 
D)  shifts in blood pH that are required to maintain homeostasis. 
A)  the presence of the bicarbonate/carbonic acid buffer system. 
B)  the natural result of water as a solvent. 
C)  hydrogen bonding between water molecules in biological fluids. 
D)  shifts in blood pH that are required to maintain homeostasis.

Question 9

Match the following.
-a strand of 3 to 100 amino acids

Accepted Answer

A) cholesterol 
B) unsaturated fat 
C) cellulose 
D) polypeptide 
E) glucose
F)saturated fat
G)DNA
H)glycogen 
A) cholesterol 
B) unsaturated fat 
C) cellulose 
D) polypeptide 
E) glucose
F)saturated fat
G)DNA
H)glycogen

Question 10

All matter is made up of atoms.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

A student has isolated a large compound (macromolecule) from cells. Chemical analysis of the compound shows that it is made up of the following elements: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus. To which group of macromolecules does this compound most likely belong?

Accepted Answer

A)  carbohydrate 
B)  protein 
C)  nucleic acid 
D)  lipid 
E)  aqueous 
A)  carbohydrate 
B)  protein 
C)  nucleic acid 
D)  lipid 
E)  aqueous

Question 12

Use the letters from the accompanying figure to answer the following questions.
  
-The subatomic particles ________ and ________ have approximately the same mass.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Use the letters from the accompanying figure...

Question 13

The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom can best be determined by

Accepted Answer

A)  atomic mass. 
B)  the subscript number following the chemical symbol. 
C)  the atomic number. 
D)  the charge of the atom. 
E)  the chemical symbol. 
A)  atomic mass. 
B)  the subscript number following the chemical symbol. 
C)  the atomic number. 
D)  the charge of the atom. 
E)  the chemical symbol.

Question 14

Because carbon requires four additional electrons to fill its outermost shell, it has a natural tendency to form four covalent bonds with other atoms, making it an ideal element for forming structures in living cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which one of the following is the study of matter and the energy that causes matter to combine, break apart, and recombine in everything living and nonliving?

Accepted Answer

A)  biology 
B)  geology 
C)  chemistry 
D)  physics 
A)  biology 
B)  geology 
C)  chemistry 
D)  physics

Question 16

A solution has been prepared by mixing glucose in water. Which one of the following statements CORRECTLY describes this solution?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both water and glucose are solutes. 
B)  Both water and glucose are solvents. 
C)  Water is the solute, and glucose is the solvent. 
D)  Water is the solvent, and glucose is the solute. 
A)  Both water and glucose are solutes. 
B)  Both water and glucose are solvents. 
C)  Water is the solute, and glucose is the solvent. 
D)  Water is the solvent, and glucose is the solute.

Question 17

The universal energy source for cells is a nucleotide known as ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The universal energy source for cells is...

Question 18

The process by which cells break down organic macromolecules into their subunits is ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The process by which cells break down...

Question 19

Match the following.
-a double strand of nucleotides; stores genetic information

Accepted Answer

A) cholesterol 
B) unsaturated fat 
C) cellulose 
D) polypeptide 
E) glucose
F)saturated fat
G)DNA
H)glycogen 
A) cholesterol 
B) unsaturated fat 
C) cellulose 
D) polypeptide 
E) glucose
F)saturated fat
G)DNA
H)glycogen

Question 20

Chlorine has an atomic number of 17 and an atomic mass of 35. Therefore, chlorine has ________ electrons and ________ neutrons.

Accepted Answer

A)  17; 18 
B)  18; 17 
C)  17; 35 
D)  35; 17 
E)  18; 18 
A)  17; 18 
B)  18; 17 
C)  17; 35 
D)  35; 17 
E)  18; 18

Exam 2: The Chemistry of Living Things

The type of bond indicated by the dotted lines in the accompanying figure is a hydrogen bond.

The accompanying figure shows a triglyceride that is liquid at room temperature.

Molecules that are polar and attracted to water are ________; molecules that are nonpolar and therefore not attracted to water are ________.

A student measuring the pH of the water in a fish tank found it to have a pH of 8. Which one of the following statements is TRUE regarding that solution?

Atoms with either more or fewer neutrons than the usual number for an element are referred to as isotopes.

Each of the following statements about carbon is TRUE EXCEPT which one?

A solution with a pH of 6 has ________ times as many hydrogen ions as a solution with a pH of 8.

Body fluids in humans have a high buffering capacity because of

Match the following. -a strand of 3 to 100 amino acids

All matter is made up of atoms.

A student has isolated a large compound (macromolecule) from cells. Chemical analysis of the compound shows that it is made up of the following elements: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and phosphorus. To which group of macromolecules does this compound most likely belong?

Use the letters from the accompanying figure to answer the following questions. -The subatomic particles ________ and ________ have approximately the same mass.

The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom can best be determined by

Because carbon requires four additional electrons to fill its outermost shell, it has a natural tendency to form four covalent bonds with other atoms, making it an ideal element for forming structures in living cells.

Which one of the following is the study of matter and the energy that causes matter to combine, break apart, and recombine in everything living and nonliving?

A solution has been prepared by mixing glucose in water. Which one of the following statements CORRECTLY describes this solution?

The universal energy source for cells is a nucleotide known as ________.

The process by which cells break down organic macromolecules into their subunits is ________.

Match the following. -a double strand of nucleotides; stores genetic information

Chlorine has an atomic number of 17 and an atomic mass of 35. Therefore, chlorine has ________ electrons and ________ neutrons.

Human Biology, Science, and Society

Structure and Function of Cells

From Cells to Organ Systems

The Skeletal System

The Muscular System

Blood

Heart and Blood Vessels

The Immune System and Mechanisms of Defense

The Respiratory System: Exchange of Gases

The Nervous System: Integration and Control

Sensory Mechanisms

The Endocrine System

The Digestive System and Nutrition

The Urinary System

Reproductive Systems

Cell Reproduction and Differentiation

Cancer: Uncontrolled Cell Division and Differentiation

Genetics and Inheritance

DNA Technology and Genetic Engineering

Development and Aging

Evolution and the Origins of Life

Ecosystems and Populations

Human Impacts, Biodiversity, and Environmental Issues

Filters

Molecules that are polar and attracted to water are ; molecules that are nonpolar and therefore not attracted to water are .

Use the letters from the accompanying figure to answer the following questions. -The subatomic particles and have approximately the same mass.

Chlorine has an atomic number of 17 and an atomic mass of 35. Therefore, chlorine has electrons and neutrons.