Question 1

During a marathon, runners use up ATP and glucose early in the race. Which energy source is generally used next for producing more ATP?

Accepted Answer

A)  glycogen 
B)  starch 
C)  cellulose 
D)  steroids 
E)  phospholipids 
A)  glycogen 
B)  starch 
C)  cellulose 
D)  steroids 
E)  phospholipids

Question 2

Fast-twitch fibers contain large amounts of myoglobin and predominate in "red" muscle.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

The neurotransmitter, ________, has an excitatory effect on skeletal muscle, causing it to contract.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The neurotransmitter, ________, has an excitatory effect...

Question 4

In comparing all three major muscle types, which one of the following statements best describes the differences between them?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cardiac muscle can be stimulated only by nerves, whereas smooth and skeletal muscle contract spontaneously. 
B)  Smooth and skeletal muscles appear striated, due to the arrangement of muscle filaments, whereas cardiac muscles lack these filaments. 
C)  Only cardiac muscle is under voluntary control. 
D)  Smooth and cardiac muscle do not fatigue, whereas skeletal does fatigue. 
E)  Gap junctions are present in skeletal muscles, but not in other types of muscle. 
A)  Cardiac muscle can be stimulated only by nerves, whereas smooth and skeletal muscle contract spontaneously. 
B)  Smooth and skeletal muscles appear striated, due to the arrangement of muscle filaments, whereas cardiac muscles lack these filaments. 
C)  Only cardiac muscle is under voluntary control. 
D)  Smooth and cardiac muscle do not fatigue, whereas skeletal does fatigue. 
E)  Gap junctions are present in skeletal muscles, but not in other types of muscle.

Question 5

When an electrical impulse traveling along a motor neuron arrives at a neuromuscular junction

Accepted Answer

A)  there is an increase in the secretion of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction. 
B)  calcium is transported back to the sarcoplasmic reticulum. 
C)  sliding of actin and myosin filaments is inhibited. 
D)  myosin-actin cross-bridges are destroyed. 
E)  a new electrical impulse is generated that returns the message to the original nerve. 
A)  there is an increase in the secretion of acetylcholine at the neuromuscular junction. 
B)  calcium is transported back to the sarcoplasmic reticulum. 
C)  sliding of actin and myosin filaments is inhibited. 
D)  myosin-actin cross-bridges are destroyed. 
E)  a new electrical impulse is generated that returns the message to the original nerve.

Question 6

Contraction of skeletal muscle is caused by the release of neurotransmitters from ________ neurons.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Contraction of skeletal muscle is caused by...

Question 7

Match the following.
-Actin filaments slide over myosin filaments, and the sarcomere shortens.

Accepted Answer

A) relaxation 
B) fast-twitch fibers 
C) twitch 
D) fatigue 
E) intercalated discs
F)latent period
G)slow-twitch fibers
H)recruitment
I)contraction 
A) relaxation 
B) fast-twitch fibers 
C) twitch 
D) fatigue 
E) intercalated discs
F)latent period
G)slow-twitch fibers
H)recruitment
I)contraction

Question 8

Muscles produce and resist movement.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Using the figure above and labels A through D below, identify the structures indicated.
-Structure B is a(n) ________.

Accepted Answer

A) tendon 
B) fascicle 
C) whole muscle 
D) muscle fiber 
A) tendon 
B) fascicle 
C) whole muscle 
D) muscle fiber

Question 10

Match the following.
-time between the stimulation of a muscle and the beginning of a muscle contraction

Accepted Answer

A) relaxation 
B) fast-twitch fibers 
C) twitch 
D) fatigue 
E) intercalated discs
F)latent period
G)slow-twitch fibers
H)recruitment
I)contraction 
A) relaxation 
B) fast-twitch fibers 
C) twitch 
D) fatigue 
E) intercalated discs
F)latent period
G)slow-twitch fibers
H)recruitment
I)contraction

Question 11

Which one of the following statements correctly describes the origin and insertion of a muscle?

Accepted Answer

A)  The insertion is pulled toward the origin during contraction. 
B)  The origin is pulled toward the insertion during contraction. 
C)  The origin of a muscle is generally distal (farther from the body's midline) relative to the insertion. 
D)  The origin and insertion refers to the growth pattern of a muscle during development. 
E)  There is always a ligament at the origin of a muscle and a tendon at the insertion. 
A)  The insertion is pulled toward the origin during contraction. 
B)  The origin is pulled toward the insertion during contraction. 
C)  The origin of a muscle is generally distal (farther from the body's midline) relative to the insertion. 
D)  The origin and insertion refers to the growth pattern of a muscle during development. 
E)  There is always a ligament at the origin of a muscle and a tendon at the insertion.

Question 12

Muscle contraction accounts for over 75% of the heat generated by the body.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Which one of the following is characteristic of an isotonic muscle contraction but not an isometric muscle contraction?

Accepted Answer

A)  generates a force 
B)  moves an object or part of the skeleton 
C)  helps an individual maintain an upright position 
D)  requires energy 
E)  helps an individual maintain posture 
A)  generates a force 
B)  moves an object or part of the skeleton 
C)  helps an individual maintain an upright position 
D)  requires energy 
E)  helps an individual maintain posture

Question 14

Slow-twitch fibers contain many mitochondria and are well supplied with blood vessels, and can make ATP as they need it.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Using the figure above, identify the parts of the sarcomere.
-Label A represents a(n) ________.

Accepted Answer

A) actin filament 
B) myosin filament 
C) Z-line 
D) sarcomere 
A) actin filament 
B) myosin filament 
C) Z-line 
D) sarcomere

Question 16

The electrical impulse generated by a muscle cell membrane is transmitted to the sarcoplasmic reticulum by ________.

Accepted Answer

T (transve

Question 17

The following events are associated with muscle contraction. Which one of the following best describes the order in which these events occur, following the initiation of a contraction by a nerve impulse? 
1) T tubules transmit electrical impulses throughout the muscle cell.
2) Myosin contacts actin and pulls it toward the center of the sarcomere.
3) Acetylcholine binds to receptors on the muscle.
4) Troponin-tropomyosin complex shifts to expose myosin binding sites.
5) Calcium is released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum.

Accepted Answer

A)  3, 1, 5, 4, 2 
B)  1, 3, 5, 2, 4 
C)  3, 5, 1, 2, 4 
D)  4, 2, 1, 3, 5 
E)  3, 5, 1, 4, 2 
A)  3, 1, 5, 4, 2 
B)  1, 3, 5, 2, 4 
C)  3, 5, 1, 2, 4 
D)  4, 2, 1, 3, 5 
E)  3, 5, 1, 4, 2

Question 18

The heads of myosin molecules contact the actin filaments when a muscle is relaxed.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Match each disorder or disease of the muscular system with its description.
-a group of muscular diseases that are hereditary; resulting in muscle wasting; no cure

Accepted Answer

A) muscle cramps 
B) muscular dystrophy 
C) tetanus 
D) fasciitis 
A) muscle cramps 
B) muscular dystrophy 
C) tetanus 
D) fasciitis

Question 20

Muscle soreness several days after exercise is an indication that some sarcomeres were permanently damaged.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 6: The Muscular System

During a marathon, runners use up ATP and glucose early in the race. Which energy source is generally used next for producing more ATP?

Fast-twitch fibers contain large amounts of myoglobin and predominate in "red" muscle.

The neurotransmitter, ________, has an excitatory effect on skeletal muscle, causing it to contract.

In comparing all three major muscle types, which one of the following statements best describes the differences between them?

When an electrical impulse traveling along a motor neuron arrives at a neuromuscular junction

Contraction of skeletal muscle is caused by the release of neurotransmitters from ________ neurons.

Match the following. -Actin filaments slide over myosin filaments, and the sarcomere shortens.

Muscles produce and resist movement.

Using the figure above and labels A through D below, identify the structures indicated. -Structure B is a(n) ________.

Match the following. -time between the stimulation of a muscle and the beginning of a muscle contraction

Which one of the following statements correctly describes the origin and insertion of a muscle?

Muscle contraction accounts for over 75% of the heat generated by the body.

Which one of the following is characteristic of an isotonic muscle contraction but not an isometric muscle contraction?

Slow-twitch fibers contain many mitochondria and are well supplied with blood vessels, and can make ATP as they need it.

Using the figure above, identify the parts of the sarcomere. -Label A represents a(n) ________.

The electrical impulse generated by a muscle cell membrane is transmitted to the sarcoplasmic reticulum by ________.

The heads of myosin molecules contact the actin filaments when a muscle is relaxed.

Match each disorder or disease of the muscular system with its description. -a group of muscular diseases that are hereditary; resulting in muscle wasting; no cure

Muscle soreness several days after exercise is an indication that some sarcomeres were permanently damaged.

Human Biology, Science, and Society

The Chemistry of Living Things

Structure and Function of Cells

From Cells to Organ Systems

The Skeletal System

Blood

Heart and Blood Vessels

The Immune System and Mechanisms of Defense

The Respiratory System: Exchange of Gases

The Nervous System: Integration and Control

Sensory Mechanisms

The Endocrine System

The Digestive System and Nutrition

The Urinary System

Reproductive Systems

Cell Reproduction and Differentiation

Cancer: Uncontrolled Cell Division and Differentiation

Genetics and Inheritance

DNA Technology and Genetic Engineering

Development and Aging

Evolution and the Origins of Life

Ecosystems and Populations

Human Impacts, Biodiversity, and Environmental Issues

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