Exam 22: Evolution and the Origins of Life

The most direct hominid ancestor to Homo sapiens is called ________.

There are several sources of scientific evidence to support the theory of evolution. Match each of the following to its description. -study of the structure of molecules to infer evolutionary relatedness of organisms

The structure of human cytochrome c is the same as that of chimpanzees, but it differs from the structure of cytochrome c in chickens by 16 amino acids and in yeast by more than 50 amino acids. From these data, one could hypothesize that humans are most closely related evolutionarily to

The first self-replicating molecule hypothesized to have formed on Earth was ________.

The process of ________ has had a major impact on species distributions worldwide.

In the classification of organisms, a phylum is subdivided into

When two species contain identical or nearly identical molecules such as proteins, this suggests

The largest mass extinction in the history of Earth occurred during the Triassic period; the extinction was largely due to global warming and a period of high carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere.

Because the fossil record is now complete, it provides compelling evidence to support the theory of evolution.

Periods of adaptive radiation are most likely to occur after a change in the environment causes new habitats to form.

________ refers to random changes in allele frequency as a result of chance events.

Humans are classified as hominoids because

Homo habilis is considered to be the first of our human ancestors to make tools.

As oceans began to form on Earth billions of years ago, they were small, warm, and not very salty.

Primitive photosynthetic organisms were responsible for producing oxygen gas in the atmosphere.

The wings of birds and insects share similar functions but evolved from different structures; therefore, these wings are said to be

Based on the following information on the scientific classification of the flesh fly, determine which one of the following is the scientific name for the flesh fly. Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Arthropoda Class: Insecta Order: Diptera Family: Sarcophagidae Genus: Sarcophaga Species: bullata

In an evolutionary context, ________ structures do not currently have a function in present-day organisms.

The process of producing energy from organic substrates in the absence of oxygen is called ________ metabolism.

The concept of gene flow indicates that evolution of populations can occur when individuals enter or leave a population. The addition of new alleles into the population makes it easy to visualize changes to phenotypes. Explain how emigration can lead to evolutionary change.