Question 1

Unwanted photons or "noise" are reduced by using a:

Accepted Answer

A)  pulse height analyzer. 
B)  collimator. 
C)  Geiger counter. 
D)  scintillator. 
A)  pulse height analyzer. 
B)  collimator. 
C)  Geiger counter. 
D)  scintillator. A

Question 2

The radiotracer for PET scanning is chosen for:

Accepted Answer

A)  studies that will show only anatomy. 
B)  its long half-life compared with nuclear medicine. 
C)  its similarity to naturally occurring biochemicals. 
D)  faster examination times. 
A)  studies that will show only anatomy. 
B)  its long half-life compared with nuclear medicine. 
C)  its similarity to naturally occurring biochemicals. 
D)  faster examination times. C

Question 3

Scintillation detectors or gamma cameras use crystals that change:

Accepted Answer

A)  x-rays into electrons. 
B)  radioactive emissions into light photons. 
C)  radioactive emissions into electrons. 
D)  radioactive emissions into electrical pulses. 
A)  x-rays into electrons. 
B)  radioactive emissions into light photons. 
C)  radioactive emissions into electrons. 
D)  radioactive emissions into electrical pulses. B

Question 4

Naturally occurring radionuclides are not used for nuclear medicine imaging because:

Accepted Answer

A)  synthetic ones are cheaper. 
B)  there is a high patient dose from natural ones. 
C)  synthetic ones decay differently. 
D)  they are not strong emitters. 
A)  synthetic ones are cheaper. 
B)  there is a high patient dose from natural ones. 
C)  synthetic ones decay differently. 
D)  they are not strong emitters.

Question 5

The crystal used in gamma cameras is made of:

Accepted Answer

A)  sodium iodide. 
B)  cesium-activated iodide. 
C)  thallium-activated sodium iodide. 
D)  lithium fluoride. 
A)  sodium iodide. 
B)  cesium-activated iodide. 
C)  thallium-activated sodium iodide. 
D)  lithium fluoride.

Question 6

The most common radionuclide used in nuclear medicine is:

Accepted Answer

A)  technetium (99mTc). 
B)  iodine (123I). 
C)  thallium (201Tl). 
D)  xenon (133Xe). 
A)  technetium (99mTc). 
B)  iodine (123I). 
C)  thallium (201Tl). 
D)  xenon (133Xe).

Question 7

One desirable characteristic of a radiopharmaceutical is:

Accepted Answer

A)  long physical half-life in days. 
B)  millisecond effective half-life. 
C)  easily absorbed in surrounding tissues. 
D)  primary photon energy between 100 and 140 keV. 
A)  long physical half-life in days. 
B)  millisecond effective half-life. 
C)  easily absorbed in surrounding tissues. 
D)  primary photon energy between 100 and 140 keV.

Question 8

SPECT imaging produces images that:

Accepted Answer

A)  are similar to those done in CT. 
B)  will show only large lesions. 
C)  require increased amounts of radionuclides. 
D)  show only motion. 
A)  are similar to those done in CT. 
B)  will show only large lesions. 
C)  require increased amounts of radionuclides. 
D)  show only motion.

Question 9

Which two are used primarily to image physiology? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  MRI 
B)  CT 
C)  PET 
D)  SPECT 
A)  MRI 
B)  CT 
C)  PET 
D)  SPECT

Question 10

Half-life is described as the time required for:

Accepted Answer

A)  half the nuclide to leave the body. 
B)  half the nuclide to disappear. 
C)  the nuclide to decay to half its original activity. 
D)  the original activity to increase by one half. 
A)  half the nuclide to leave the body. 
B)  half the nuclide to disappear. 
C)  the nuclide to decay to half its original activity. 
D)  the original activity to increase by one half.

Question 11

PET scanners have to be close to the source of positrons because:

Accepted Answer

A)  the positrons cannot travel very far. 
B)  the nuclides are so unstable. 
C)  of the examination radioactivity of the nuclides. 
D)  of the short half-lives of the nuclides. 
A)  the positrons cannot travel very far. 
B)  the nuclides are so unstable. 
C)  of the examination radioactivity of the nuclides. 
D)  of the short half-lives of the nuclides.

Question 12

Collimators are used in nuclear medicine to:

Accepted Answer

A)  cone down the beam. 
B)  limit patient dose from the radiation. 
C)  maintain signal strength. 
D)  keep scattered rays from entering the camera. 
A)  cone down the beam. 
B)  limit patient dose from the radiation. 
C)  maintain signal strength. 
D)  keep scattered rays from entering the camera.

Question 13

An array of photomultiplier tubes (PMTs)is located:

Accepted Answer

A)  in front of the crystal. 
B)  to the back of the crystal. 
C)  after the pulse height analyzer. 
D)  after the collimator. 
A)  in front of the crystal. 
B)  to the back of the crystal. 
C)  after the pulse height analyzer. 
D)  after the collimator.

Question 14

PET scanning is an examination that can visualize a patient's:

Accepted Answer

A)  physiology. 
B)  anatomy. 
C)  soft tissue. 
D)  bone detail. 
A)  physiology. 
B)  anatomy. 
C)  soft tissue. 
D)  bone detail.

Question 15

When a positron and an electron combine,the result is annihilation radiation of:

Accepted Answer

A)  two photons of 1.022 MeV. 
B)  two photons of 0.511 MeV. 
C)  two photons of 180 MeV. 
D)  multiple gamma photons. 
A)  two photons of 1.022 MeV. 
B)  two photons of 0.511 MeV. 
C)  two photons of 180 MeV. 
D)  multiple gamma photons.

Question 16

The most common device used to produce nuclides for PET scanning is the:

Accepted Answer

A)  high-frequency generator. 
B)  compact medical cyclotron. 
C)  linear accelerator. 
D)  pulse height analyzer. 
A)  high-frequency generator. 
B)  compact medical cyclotron. 
C)  linear accelerator. 
D)  pulse height analyzer.

Question 17

One of the major benefits of fusion imaging with PET and CT is:

Accepted Answer

A)  attenuation coefficients are the same. 
B)  radiation dose is less. 
C)  metabolic and anatomic evaluation is easier. 
D)  the same detector can be used for both. 
A)  attenuation coefficients are the same. 
B)  radiation dose is less. 
C)  metabolic and anatomic evaluation is easier. 
D)  the same detector can be used for both.

Question 18

If only one photon is detected and no other photon is observed during the time window for an annihilation pair,then:

Accepted Answer

A)  the original event is discarded. 
B)  only the one photon is recorded. 
C)  the computer estimates the probable location. 
D)  the examination must be repeated in an hour. 
A)  the original event is discarded. 
B)  only the one photon is recorded. 
C)  the computer estimates the probable location. 
D)  the examination must be repeated in an hour.

Exam 29: Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging

Unwanted photons or "noise" are reduced by using a:

The radiotracer for PET scanning is chosen for:

Scintillation detectors or gamma cameras use crystals that change:

Naturally occurring radionuclides are not used for nuclear medicine imaging because:

The crystal used in gamma cameras is made of:

The most common radionuclide used in nuclear medicine is:

One desirable characteristic of a radiopharmaceutical is:

SPECT imaging produces images that:

Which two are used primarily to image physiology? (Select all that apply.)

Half-life is described as the time required for:

PET scanners have to be close to the source of positrons because:

Collimators are used in nuclear medicine to:

An array of photomultiplier tubes (PMTs)is located:

PET scanning is an examination that can visualize a patient's:

When a positron and an electron combine,the result is annihilation radiation of:

The most common device used to produce nuclides for PET scanning is the:

One of the major benefits of fusion imaging with PET and CT is:

If only one photon is detected and no other photon is observed during the time window for an annihilation pair,then:

Preliminary Steps in Radiography

General Anatomy and Radiographic Positioning Terminology

Thoracic Viscera: Chest and Upper Airway

Abdomen

Upper Extremity

Shoulder Girdle

Lower Extremity

Pelvis and Hip

Vertebral Column

Bony Thorax

Cranium

Trauma Radiography

Contrast Arthrography

Myelography and Other Central Nervous System Imaging

Digestive System: Salivary Glands, alimentary Canal, and Biliary System

Urinary System and Venipuncture

Reproductive System

Mammography

Bone Densitometry

Mobile Radiography

Surgical Radiography

Pediatric Imaging

Geriatric Radiography

Sectional Anatomy for Radiographers

Computed Tomography

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Vascular,cardiac,and Interventional Radiography

Diagnostic Medical Sonography

Radiation Oncology

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