Exam 14: Nonexperimental Quantitative Research

A research study found that parental household income is related to children's school achievement. Which of the following would suggest that the relationship is completely spurious?

A researcher is interested in researching what kinds of factors are important for someone to succeed in air traffic control training. Before the training program, she gives the students a battery of tests including personality measures. She then looks at which of these is related to successful completion of the program. The main purpose of this research was:

The "third variable problem" refers to:

Causal modeling refers to:

Partial correlation analysis involves:

Educational researchers are interested in determining:

Name the nonexperimental research designs that emerge from crossing the time and research objective dimensions. Give an example of three of these designs.

Explain the difference between an indirect and direct effect in causal modeling.

In which form of research are the data collected at a single time point?

At the conclusion of a study a researcher was able to claim that a finding was statistically significant. What did this mean for anyone who read their report?

When increased amounts, or greater strength, of the treatment result in increased amounts of response on the dependent variable, we say that we have a strong or clear "dose-response relationship."

The directors of a graduate program in educational research wish to see what types of jobs their graduates take after they finish their program. They randomly sample students from the program and have them fill out questionnaires with items asking about the types of jobs they have had. They also are asked to list the roles they play in their current positions. This project is best described as having what kind of objective:

Which of the following statements about nonexperimental research is true?

Nonexperimental research cannot involve which of the following?

What type of research are trend, panel, and prospective studies?

A researcher took independent samples from a population every year over a period of five years. He asked the participants in the samples the same questions every year. This study was:

Which of the following variables has both a direct and indirect effect on reading achievement?

When an extraneous variable influences the relationship between the independent and dependent variable, there is a third-variable problem.

William took a personality test and received an Introversion score of 78. This Introversion score is a categorical variable.

The second "simple case" of nonexperimental research involves: