Question 1

Cost-effectiveness considerations are more formally integrated into health policy making in

Accepted Answer

A)  the UK 
B)  Australia 
C)  Europe 
D)  Canada 
E)  b, c, and d are correct 
A)  the UK 
B)  Australia 
C)  Europe 
D)  Canada 
E)  b, c, and d are correct E

Question 2

The standard cut-off for cost per QALY is

Accepted Answer

A)  equal to per capita income 
B)  2 times per capita income 
C)  3 times per capita income 
D)  4 times per capita income 
E)  5 times per capita income 
A)  equal to per capita income 
B)  2 times per capita income 
C)  3 times per capita income 
D)  4 times per capita income 
E)  5 times per capita income A

Question 3

Which of the following measures of effectiveness is not a surrogate measure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cholesterol level 
B)  Blood pressure 
C)  Tumor size 
D)  Hip fracture 
E)  Bone-mass density BM
D)  
A)  Cholesterol level 
B)  Blood pressure 
C)  Tumor size 
D)  Hip fracture 
E)  Bone-mass density BM
D)  D

Question 4

The direct costs in an economic evaluation include the all the following except

Accepted Answer

A)  hospitalization 
B)  medical devices 
C)  transportation to and from the physician's office 
D)  reduced productivity at work 
E)  All of the above 
A)  hospitalization 
B)  medical devices 
C)  transportation to and from the physician's office 
D)  reduced productivity at work 
E)  All of the above

Question 5

Researchers estimate QALYs in a number of different ways. One popular approach is called

Accepted Answer

A)  the probability approach 
B)  the QoL approach 
C)  the standard gamble 
D)  the standard measure of well-being 
E)  the utility of life approach 
A)  the probability approach 
B)  the QoL approach 
C)  the standard gamble 
D)  the standard measure of well-being 
E)  the utility of life approach

Question 6

Steps in performing a cost-effectiveness analysis include all of these EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  ranking the alternative treatment options 
B)  prioritizing the alternative treatment options 
C)  calculating the ICER between each treatment option and the next most expensive one 
D)  eliminate treatment alternatives that are strictly dominated 
A)  ranking the alternative treatment options 
B)  prioritizing the alternative treatment options 
C)  calculating the ICER between each treatment option and the next most expensive one 
D)  eliminate treatment alternatives that are strictly dominated

Question 7

Suppose you are asked to use the standard time trade-off approach to measuring quality of life and are given the following information. An individual is faced with living the remaining 10 years of her life suffering from severe osteoporosis. She reveals that she would be willing to give up four of those years to live the remaining six in perfect health. What is the utility of one year in the chronic health state relative to perfect health?

Accepted Answer

A)  4 
B)  6 
C)  0.4 
D)  0.6 
E)  There is not enough information to determine the utility of life in this case 
A)  4 
B)  6 
C)  0.4 
D)  0.6 
E)  There is not enough information to determine the utility of life in this case

Question 8

The intangible costs associated with reduced quality of life include

Accepted Answer

A)  Pain and suffering 
B)  Lost productivity at work 
C)  The cost of home remodeling to accommodate a physical handicap 
D)  Potential income lost due to premature death 
E)  All of the above are intangible costs 
A)  Pain and suffering 
B)  Lost productivity at work 
C)  The cost of home remodeling to accommodate a physical handicap 
D)  Potential income lost due to premature death 
E)  All of the above are intangible costs

Question 9

When measuring effectiveness of a treatment, surrogate measures reflect clinical efficacy and include

Accepted Answer

A)  recurrence of the disease 
B)  death 
C)  bone-mass density BM
D)  
D)  hip fractures 
E)  scores on standard evaluative exams such as EuroQol or SF-36 
A)  recurrence of the disease 
B)  death 
C)  bone-mass density BM
D)  
D)  hip fractures 
E)  scores on standard evaluative exams such as EuroQol or SF-36

Question 10

Researchers use cost-of-illness studies to

Accepted Answer

A)  study the burden of a disease 
B)  determine the low-cost option to treat a disease 
C)  compare two or more treatment options when the medical outcome is identical 
D)  increase public awareness of cost of treating certain diseases 
E)  All of the above 
A)  study the burden of a disease 
B)  determine the low-cost option to treat a disease 
C)  compare two or more treatment options when the medical outcome is identical 
D)  increase public awareness of cost of treating certain diseases 
E)  All of the above

Cost-effectiveness considerations are more formally integrated into health policy making in

The standard cut-off for cost per QALY is

Which of the following measures of effectiveness is not a surrogate measure?

The direct costs in an economic evaluation include the all the following except

Researchers estimate QALYs in a number of different ways. One popular approach is called

Steps in performing a cost-effectiveness analysis include all of these EXCEPT

The intangible costs associated with reduced quality of life include

When measuring effectiveness of a treatment, surrogate measures reflect clinical efficacy and include

Researchers use cost-of-illness studies to

US Medical Care: an Uncertain Future

Using Economics to Study Health Care Issues

Analyzing Medical Care Markets

The Demand for Health and Medical Care

Population Health

The Market for Health Insurance

Managed Care

The Physicians Services Market

The Hospital Services Market

The Market for Pharmaceuticals

Medicare

Medicaid

Medical Care Systems Worldwide

Filters

Exam 4: Economic Evaluation in Health Care

Cost-effectiveness considerations are more formally integrated into health policy making in

The standard cut-off for cost per QALY is

Which of the following measures of effectiveness is not a surrogate measure?

The direct costs in an economic evaluation include the all the following except

Researchers estimate QALYs in a number of different ways. One popular approach is called

Steps in performing a cost-effectiveness analysis include all of these EXCEPT

The intangible costs associated with reduced quality of life include

When measuring effectiveness of a treatment, surrogate measures reflect clinical efficacy and include

Researchers use cost-of-illness studies to

US Medical Care: an Uncertain Future

Using Economics to Study Health Care Issues

Analyzing Medical Care Markets

The Demand for Health and Medical Care

Population Health

The Market for Health Insurance

Managed Care

The Physicians Services Market

The Hospital Services Market

The Market for Pharmaceuticals

Medicare

Medicaid

Medical Care Systems Worldwide

Filters