Question 1

An astronaut on the Moon simultaneously drops a feather and a hammer.The fact that they land together shows that:

Accepted Answer

A) no gravity forces act on a body in a vacuum 
B) the acceleration due to gravity on the Moon is less than g on the Earth 
C) in the absence of air resistance all bodies at a given location fall with the same acceleration 
D) the feather has a greater weight on the Moon than on Earth 
E) G = 0 on the Moon 
A) no gravity forces act on a body in a vacuum 
B) the acceleration due to gravity on the Moon is less than g on the Earth 
C) in the absence of air resistance all bodies at a given location fall with the same acceleration 
D) the feather has a greater weight on the Moon than on Earth 
E) G = 0 on the Moon

Question 2

Mars has a mass of about 0.1075 times the mass of Earth and a diameter of about 0.533 times the diameter of Earth.The acceleration of a body falling near the surface of Mars is about:

Accepted Answer

A) 0.30 m/s2 
B) 1.4 m/s2 
C) 2.0 m/s2 
D) 3.7 m/s2 
E) 26 m/s2 
A) 0.30 m/s2 
B) 1.4 m/s2 
C) 2.0 m/s2 
D) 3.7 m/s2 
E) 26 m/s2

Question 3

A spring scale, calibrated in newtons, is used to weigh sugar.If it were possible to weigh sugar at the following locations, where will the buyer get the most sugar to a newton?

Accepted Answer

A) At the north pole 
B) At the equator 
C) Near the center of Earth 
D) On the Moon 
E) On Jupiter 
A) At the north pole 
B) At the equator 
C) Near the center of Earth 
D) On the Moon 
E) On Jupiter

Question 4

An object at the surface of Earth (at a distance R from the center of Earth)weighs 90 N.Its weight at a distance 3R from the center of Earth is:

Accepted Answer

A) 10 N 
B) 30 N 
C) 90 N 
D) 270 N 
E) 810 N 
A) 10 N 
B) 30 N 
C) 90 N 
D) 270 N 
E) 810 N

Question 5

A small satellite is in elliptical orbit around Earth as shown.If L denotes the magnitude of its angular momentum and K denotes kinetic energy:

Accepted Answer

A) L2 > L1 and K2 > K1 
B) L2 > L1 and K2 = K1 
C) L2 = L1 and K2 = K1 
D) L2 1 and K2 = K1 
E) L2 = L1 and K2 > K1 
A) L2 > L1 and K2 > K1 
B) L2 > L1 and K2 = K1 
C) L2 = L1 and K2 = K1 
D) L2 1 and K2 = K1 
E) L2 = L1 and K2 > K1

Question 6

An artificial Earth satellite of mass m is moved from a circular orbit with radius R to a circular orbit with radius 2R.If the mass of the Earth is ME, the work done by the gravitational force is:

Accepted Answer

A) zero 
B) GMEm/R 
C) GMEm/2R 
D) −GMEm/R 
E) −GMEm/2R 
A) zero 
B) GMEm/R 
C) GMEm/2R 
D) −GMEm/R 
E) −GMEm/2R

Question 7

The mass of an object:

Accepted Answer

A) is slightly different at different locations on the Earth 
B) is a vector 
C) is independent of the acceleration due to gravity 
D) is the same for all objects of the same size and shape 
E) can be measured directly and accurately on a spring scale 
A) is slightly different at different locations on the Earth 
B) is a vector 
C) is independent of the acceleration due to gravity 
D) is the same for all objects of the same size and shape 
E) can be measured directly and accurately on a spring scale

Question 8

The approximate value of g at an altitude above Earth equal to one Earth diameter is:

Accepted Answer

A) 9.8 m/s2 
B) 4.9 m/s2 
C) 2.5 m/s2 
D) 1.9 m/s2 
E) 1.1 m/s2 
A) 9.8 m/s2 
B) 4.9 m/s2 
C) 2.5 m/s2 
D) 1.9 m/s2 
E) 1.1 m/s2

Question 9

A particle might be placed   Rank these situations according to the magnitude of the gravitational force on the particle, least to greatest.

Accepted Answer

A) All tie 
B) 1, 2, 3, 4 
C) 1 and 2 tie, then 3 and 4 tie 
D) 1 and 2 tie, then 3, then 4 
E) 1 and 2 tie, then 4, then 3 
A) All tie 
B) 1, 2, 3, 4 
C) 1 and 2 tie, then 3 and 4 tie 
D) 1 and 2 tie, then 3, then 4 
E) 1 and 2 tie, then 4, then 3

Question 10

Three particles, two with mass m and one mass M, might be arranged in any of the four configurations known below.Rank the configurations according to the magnitude of the gravitational force on M, least to greatest.

Accepted Answer

A) 1, 2, 3, 4 
B) 2, 1, 3, 4 
C) 2, 1, 4, 3 
D) 2, 3, 4, 2 
E) 2, 3, 2, 4 
A) 1, 2, 3, 4 
B) 2, 1, 3, 4 
C) 2, 1, 4, 3 
D) 2, 3, 4, 2 
E) 2, 3, 2, 4

Question 11

The mass density of a certain planet has spherical symmetry but varies in such a way that the mass inside every spherical surface with center at the center of the planet is proportional to the radius of the surface.If r is the distance from the center of the planet to a point mass inside the planet, the gravitational force on the mass is:

Accepted Answer

A) not dependent on r 
B) proportional to r2 
C) proportional to r 
D) proportional to 1/r 
E) proportional to 1/r2 
A) not dependent on r 
B) proportional to r2 
C) proportional to r 
D) proportional to 1/r 
E) proportional to 1/r2

Question 12

An astronaut finishes some work on the outside of his satellite, which is in circular orbit around the Earth.He leaves his wrench outside the satellite.If there is no air resistance, the wrench will:

Accepted Answer

A) fall directly down to the Earth 
B) continue in orbit at reduced speed 
C) continue in orbit with the satellite 
D) fly off tangentially into space 
E) spiral down to the Earth 
A) fall directly down to the Earth 
B) continue in orbit at reduced speed 
C) continue in orbit with the satellite 
D) fly off tangentially into space 
E) spiral down to the Earth

Question 13

Neglecting air resistance, the escape speed from a certain planet for an empty space vehicle is 1.12 *104 m/s.What is the corresponding escape speed for the fully loaded vehicle which has triple the mass of the empty one?

Accepted Answer

A) 3.73 * 103 m/s 
B) 1.12 * 104 m/s 
C) 3.36 * 104 m/s 
D) 1.01 * 105 m/s 
E) 1.40 * 1012 m/s 
A) 3.73 * 103 m/s 
B) 1.12 * 104 m/s 
C) 3.36 * 104 m/s 
D) 1.01 * 105 m/s 
E) 1.40 * 1012 m/s

Question 14

A rocket ship is coasting toward a planet.Its captain wishes to know the value of g at the surface of the planet.This may be inferred by:

Accepted Answer

A) measuring the apparent weight of one of the crew 
B) measuring the apparent weight of an object of known mass in the ship 
C) measuring the diameter of the planet 
D) measuring the density of the planet 
E) observing the ship's acceleration and correcting for the distance from the center of the planet 
A) measuring the apparent weight of one of the crew 
B) measuring the apparent weight of an object of known mass in the ship 
C) measuring the diameter of the planet 
D) measuring the density of the planet 
E) observing the ship's acceleration and correcting for the distance from the center of the planet

Question 15

Let M denote the mass of Earth and let R denote its radius.The ratio g/G at Earth's surface is:

Accepted Answer

A) R2/M 
B) M/R2 
C) MR2 
D) M/R 
E) R/M 
A) R2/M 
B) M/R2 
C) MR2 
D) M/R 
E) R/M

Question 16

An astronaut in an orbiting space-craft feels "weightless" because she:

Accepted Answer

A) is beyond the range of gravity 
B) is pulled outwards by centrifugal force 
C) has no acceleration 
D) has the same acceleration as the space-craft 
E) is outside Earth's atmosphere 
A) is beyond the range of gravity 
B) is pulled outwards by centrifugal force 
C) has no acceleration 
D) has the same acceleration as the space-craft 
E) is outside Earth's atmosphere

Question 17

Suppose you have a pendulum clock which keeps correct time on Earth (acceleration due to gravity = 9.8 m/s2).Without changing the clock, you take it to the Moon (acceleration due to gravity = 1.6 m/s2).For every hour interval (on Earth)the Moon clock will record:

Accepted Answer

A) (9.8/1.6)h 
B) 1 h 
C)  h 
D) (1.6/9.8)h 
E)  h 
A) (9.8/1.6)h 
B) 1 h 
C)  h 
D) (1.6/9.8)h 
E)  h

Question 18

Consider the statement: "Earth moves in a stable orbit around the Sun and is therefore in equilibrium".The statement is:

Accepted Answer

A) false, because no moving body can be in equilibrium 
B) true, because the Earth does not fall into or fly away from the sun 
C) false, because the Earth is rotating on its axis and no rotating body can be in equilibrium 
D) false, because the Earth has a considerable acceleration 
E) true, because if it were not in equilibrium then buildings and structures would not be stable 
A) false, because no moving body can be in equilibrium 
B) true, because the Earth does not fall into or fly away from the sun 
C) false, because the Earth is rotating on its axis and no rotating body can be in equilibrium 
D) false, because the Earth has a considerable acceleration 
E) true, because if it were not in equilibrium then buildings and structures would not be stable

Question 19

A projectile is fired straight upward from Earth's surface with a speed that is half the escape speed.If R is the radius of Earth, the highest altitude reached, measured from the surface, is:

Accepted Answer

A) R/4 
B) R/3 
C) R/2 
D) R 
E) 2R 
A) R/4 
B) R/3 
C) R/2 
D) R 
E) 2R

Question 20

Two planets are orbiting a star in a distant galaxy.The first has a semimajor axis of 150*106 km, an eccentricity of 0.20, and a period of 1.0 Earth years.The second has a semimajor axis of 250 * 106 km, an eccentricity of 0.30, and a period of:

Accepted Answer

A) 0.46 Earth yr 
B) 0.57 Earth yr 
C) 1.4 Earth yr 
D) 1.7 Earth yr 
E) 2.8 Earth yr 
A) 0.46 Earth yr 
B) 0.57 Earth yr 
C) 1.4 Earth yr 
D) 1.7 Earth yr 
E) 2.8 Earth yr

Exam 13: Gravitation

An astronaut on the Moon simultaneously drops a feather and a hammer.The fact that they land together shows that:

Mars has a mass of about 0.1075 times the mass of Earth and a diameter of about 0.533 times the diameter of Earth.The acceleration of a body falling near the surface of Mars is about:

A spring scale, calibrated in newtons, is used to weigh sugar.If it were possible to weigh sugar at the following locations, where will the buyer get the most sugar to a newton?

An object at the surface of Earth (at a distance R from the center of Earth)weighs 90 N.Its weight at a distance 3R from the center of Earth is:

A small satellite is in elliptical orbit around Earth as shown.If L denotes the magnitude of its angular momentum and K denotes kinetic energy:

An artificial Earth satellite of mass m is moved from a circular orbit with radius R to a circular orbit with radius 2R.If the mass of the Earth is ME, the work done by the gravitational force is:

The mass of an object:

The approximate value of g at an altitude above Earth equal to one Earth diameter is:

A particle might be placed Rank these situations according to the magnitude of the gravitational force on the particle, least to greatest.

Three particles, two with mass m and one mass M, might be arranged in any of the four configurations known below.Rank the configurations according to the magnitude of the gravitational force on M, least to greatest.

An astronaut finishes some work on the outside of his satellite, which is in circular orbit around the Earth.He leaves his wrench outside the satellite.If there is no air resistance, the wrench will:

Neglecting air resistance, the escape speed from a certain planet for an empty space vehicle is 1.12 *104 m/s.What is the corresponding escape speed for the fully loaded vehicle which has triple the mass of the empty one?

A rocket ship is coasting toward a planet.Its captain wishes to know the value of g at the surface of the planet.This may be inferred by:

Let M denote the mass of Earth and let R denote its radius.The ratio g/G at Earth's surface is:

An astronaut in an orbiting space-craft feels "weightless" because she:

Suppose you have a pendulum clock which keeps correct time on Earth (acceleration due to gravity = 9.8 m/s2).Without changing the clock, you take it to the Moon (acceleration due to gravity = 1.6 m/s2).For every hour interval (on Earth)the Moon clock will record:

Consider the statement: "Earth moves in a stable orbit around the Sun and is therefore in equilibrium".The statement is:

A projectile is fired straight upward from Earth's surface with a speed that is half the escape speed.If R is the radius of Earth, the highest altitude reached, measured from the surface, is:

Two planets are orbiting a star in a distant galaxy.The first has a semimajor axis of 150*106 km, an eccentricity of 0.20, and a period of 1.0 Earth years.The second has a semimajor axis of 250 * 106 km, an eccentricity of 0.30, and a period of:

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An artificial Earth satellite of mass m is moved from a circular orbit with radius R to a circular orbit with radius 2R.If the mass of the Earth is M_E, the work done by the gravitational force is:

Neglecting air resistance, the escape speed from a certain planet for an empty space vehicle is 1.12 *10⁴ m/s.What is the corresponding escape speed for the fully loaded vehicle which has triple the mass of the empty one?

Suppose you have a pendulum clock which keeps correct time on Earth (acceleration due to gravity = 9.8 m/s²).Without changing the clock, you take it to the Moon (acceleration due to gravity = 1.6 m/s²).For every hour interval (on Earth)the Moon clock will record:

Two planets are orbiting a star in a distant galaxy.The first has a semimajor axis of 15010⁶ km, an eccentricity of 0.20, and a period of 1.0 Earth years.The second has a semimajor axis of 250 10⁶ km, an eccentricity of 0.30, and a period of: