Exam 1: Introducing the World of Psychology

In correlational studies, there is ambiguity as to which variable is the cause and which is the effect. This phenomenon is known as

René Descartes's idea of dualism, that the mind and body are separate, was based largely on ________ beliefs of his time.

Dualism is the classic idea in psychology that

Describe the key ideas of the psychoanalytic approach.

George is looking for a research project. To get started, he could make use of an existing theory because

Johnny wants to show that watering his crop more in the spring causes a larger harvest in the fall. Which type of study should Johnny use?

Danielle is using self-report surveys to determine how many people in her neighborhood experienced depression during childhood. What might be some advantages and disadvantages to her using surveys for this study?

A psychologist wants to create two groups that are as similar as possible at the beginning of an experiment. To do this, the psychologist should use

Describe the five steps of the scientific method. In your answer, be sure to explain the difference between a theory and a hypothesis.

Why is the first step in critical thinking to ask, "What is the claim I am being asked to accept?"

An extensive study of a single person or a few people is characteristic of

How are the act of riding a roller coaster and the fear experienced while riding the roller coaster related?

Daniel believes that skipping breakfast will cause students to perform worse on final exams. Design a strong research study that could test whether a causal relationship exists between eating breakfast and exam performance.

Which of the following questions is debated by both early philosophers and psychologists?

Dr. Ethridge is interested in finding out how likely people are to discriminate against a member of an ethnic minority. She designs her experiment so that it seems like it is about fashion but it is actually measuring differences in treatment based on race. Which of the following is true regarding the ethical requirements Dr. Ethridge must follow?

The philosopher who promoted dualism as an explanation of the mind/body problem was

You are having a difficult time deciding whether to switch career paths. To help cope with this challenge in your professional life, you should seek help from a ________ psychologist.

The subfield of cognitive psychology focuses on

Wilhelm randomly assigns participants to two groups and compares the group that receives a treatment with the group that receives no treatment. The group that gets the treatment is the ________ group.

Your uncle John always argued, "Stop studying mental events that cannot be directly observed!" Which school of thought would most likely agree with your uncle John?