Exam 19: Cosmology

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The cosmic microwave background radiation is not uniform over the sky-it is slightly hotter toward the constellation Leo and slightly cooler in the opposite direction, toward Aquarius. Why?

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Physicists are attempting to develop a Theory of Everything. What would be unique about such a theory?

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As currently understood, what happens to the energy density of matter and the energy density of a cosmological constant as the universe expands?

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Who developed the steady-state theory of the universe?

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What was the COBE satellite designed to measure?

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In cosmology, the constant that is intimately related to the present "age" of the universe is

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The electromagnetic and weak nuclear forces are predicted to have been indistinguishable at some stage in the early universe. What conditions were required at this stage?

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The cosmic microwave background shows a pattern of sound waves initially generated by

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Which single observation is perhaps the strongest argument against the steady-state model of the universe and for the Big Bang model?

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Einstein introduced a "cosmological constant" into his formulation of the structure of the universe as described by his general theory of relativity. How did he envision that the cosmological constant would manifest itself?

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If the geometry of space is spherical and if the universe has no dark energy, what is the future of the universe?

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Immediately after the cosmological singularity, the four forces were indistinguishable. Then they began to "branch off" and become separate. Which was the last of the four to branch off from the electromagnetic force?

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Einstein's general theory of relativity, as originally formulated without the cosmological constant, predicts a universe that

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Which of these universe scenarios will end in the universe stopping its expansion and recollapsing at some time in the future?

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The one physical force that extends farthest in this universe and is NOT canceled out by other effects is the

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The cosmic background radiation is the

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The first 10-43 s of the age of the universe, during which all four fundamental forces are believed to have been united, is called the

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For how long did continuous star formation last in spiral galaxies?

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The "Little Cub" galaxy is a small elliptical galaxy near the Milky Way that is forming stars vigorously. It is unusual because

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At the present time

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