Question 1

The phrase "knowledge is power," which conveys a new optimism about the potential of human thinking and discovery,is associated with:

Accepted Answer

A)  Johannes Kepler. 
B)  Baruch Spinoza. 
C)  Rene Descartes. 
D)  Francis Bacon. 
E)  Galileo Galilei. 
A)  Johannes Kepler. 
B)  Baruch Spinoza. 
C)  Rene Descartes. 
D)  Francis Bacon. 
E)  Galileo Galilei.

Question 2

Which of the following best describes Sir Isaac Newton's attitude toward Christianity?

Accepted Answer

A)  Religion is nothing more than the "opiate of the masses." 
B)  All religions must be rejected because they are contrary to human reason. 
C)  All worldly concerns must be rejected in order for the soul to be saved. 
D)  Science and faith are compatible and mutually supporting. 
E)  Christianity is a superstition that ought to be rejected when tested by science. 
A)  Religion is nothing more than the "opiate of the masses." 
B)  All religions must be rejected because they are contrary to human reason. 
C)  All worldly concerns must be rejected in order for the soul to be saved. 
D)  Science and faith are compatible and mutually supporting. 
E)  Christianity is a superstition that ought to be rejected when tested by science.

Question 3

René Descartes believed he had proven the existence of God through his use of systematic doubt in his book:

Accepted Answer

A)  Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems. 
B)  The Discourse on Method. 
C)  Novum Organum. 
D)  The New Atlantis. 
E)  Two New Sciences. 
A)  Dialogue Concerning the Two Chief World Systems. 
B)  The Discourse on Method. 
C)  Novum Organum. 
D)  The New Atlantis. 
E)  Two New Sciences.

Question 4

The trial of Galileo by the Inquisition resulted in all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  the cessation of his scientific work. 
B)  the spread of a "new philosophy" based on Galileo's work in northwest Europe. 
C)  his imprisonment. 
D)  his work being placed on the Index. 
E)  a rift between religion and science that he had wanted to avoid. 
A)  the cessation of his scientific work. 
B)  the spread of a "new philosophy" based on Galileo's work in northwest Europe. 
C)  his imprisonment. 
D)  his work being placed on the Index. 
E)  a rift between religion and science that he had wanted to avoid.

Question 5

While the French scholastic societies reserved science as "a gentlemanly pursuit," English societies freely admitted women.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

The _________ argued that nature was the way in which God revealed himself to humanity.

Accepted Answer

A)  Humanists 
B)  Neoplatonists 
C)  Copernicans 
D)  Baconists 
E)  Galileans 
A)  Humanists 
B)  Neoplatonists 
C)  Copernicans 
D)  Baconists 
E)  Galileans

Question 7

Sir Isaac Newton published Principia Mathematica to answer critiques of his theories coming primarily from:

Accepted Answer

A)  Robert Hooke. 
B)  John Locke. 
C)  Edmund Halley. 
D)  the Church. 
E)  Robert Boyle. 
A)  Robert Hooke. 
B)  John Locke. 
C)  Edmund Halley. 
D)  the Church. 
E)  Robert Boyle.

Question 8

Descartes introduced a new method for understanding called deductive reasoning,which relied on proceeding logically from one certainty to another.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

The primary target of Descartes's philosophical method was:

Accepted Answer

A)  Neoplatonism. 
B)  Catholicism. 
C)  skepticism. 
D)  existentialism. 
E)  systematic doubt. 
A)  Neoplatonism. 
B)  Catholicism. 
C)  skepticism. 
D)  existentialism. 
E)  systematic doubt.

Question 10

The second national scholarly academy to be established by the reigning monarch was in:

Accepted Answer

A)  England. 
B)  Scotland. 
C)  Italy. 
D)  France. 
E)  Spain. 
A)  England. 
B)  Scotland. 
C)  Italy. 
D)  France. 
E)  Spain.

Question 11

Galileo had made improvements on the lens developed by the Dutch for use in telescopes,but the inventor of a new type of telescope employing a curved mirror instead of a lens was:

Accepted Answer

A)  Isaac Newton. 
B)  Christian Huygens. 
C)  Robert Hooke. 
D)  John Locke. 
E)  David Hume. 
A)  Isaac Newton. 
B)  Christian Huygens. 
C)  Robert Hooke. 
D)  John Locke. 
E)  David Hume.

Question 12

A method of reasoning that goes from the specific to the general was developed by:

Accepted Answer

A)  René Descartes. 
B)  Francis Bacon. 
C)  Isaac Newton. 
D)  Blaise Pascal. 
E)  Baruch Spinoza. 
A)  René Descartes. 
B)  Francis Bacon. 
C)  Isaac Newton. 
D)  Blaise Pascal. 
E)  Baruch Spinoza.

Question 13

Many Roman Catholic churchmen viewed the "New Science," especially as typified by Copernican theory:

Accepted Answer

A)  as completely compatible with Church doctrine. 
B)  with some skepticism but as being overall acceptable. 
C)  as a valuable tool, as long as the scientists were Catholic. 
D)  as a direct threat to Church doctrine. 
E)  with great suspicion, even though they could find nothing specific that challenged Catholic doctrine. 
A)  as completely compatible with Church doctrine. 
B)  with some skepticism but as being overall acceptable. 
C)  as a valuable tool, as long as the scientists were Catholic. 
D)  as a direct threat to Church doctrine. 
E)  with great suspicion, even though they could find nothing specific that challenged Catholic doctrine.

Question 14

What was the role of women in the scientific revolution?

Accepted Answer

Although few women were officially inclu

Question 15

One result of Galileo's trial was that:

Accepted Answer

A)  the Church accepted his findings on mechanics but refused to accept Copernicanism. 
B)  De Revolutionibus was removed from the Index of Forbidden Books. 
C)  he left Italy for England and became a member of the Royal Society. 
D)  the New Science flourished in northwest Europe. 
E)  scientists in Italy publicly rallied to Galileo's cause. 
A)  the Church accepted his findings on mechanics but refused to accept Copernicanism. 
B)  De Revolutionibus was removed from the Index of Forbidden Books. 
C)  he left Italy for England and became a member of the Royal Society. 
D)  the New Science flourished in northwest Europe. 
E)  scientists in Italy publicly rallied to Galileo's cause.

Exam 16: The New Science of the Seventeenth Century

The phrase "knowledge is power," which conveys a new optimism about the potential of human thinking and discovery,is associated with:

Which of the following best describes Sir Isaac Newton's attitude toward Christianity?

René Descartes believed he had proven the existence of God through his use of systematic doubt in his book:

The trial of Galileo by the Inquisition resulted in all of the following EXCEPT:

While the French scholastic societies reserved science as "a gentlemanly pursuit," English societies freely admitted women.

The _________ argued that nature was the way in which God revealed himself to humanity.

Sir Isaac Newton published Principia Mathematica to answer critiques of his theories coming primarily from:

Descartes introduced a new method for understanding called deductive reasoning,which relied on proceeding logically from one certainty to another.

The primary target of Descartes's philosophical method was:

The second national scholarly academy to be established by the reigning monarch was in:

Galileo had made improvements on the lens developed by the Dutch for use in telescopes,but the inventor of a new type of telescope employing a curved mirror instead of a lens was:

A method of reasoning that goes from the specific to the general was developed by:

Many Roman Catholic churchmen viewed the "New Science," especially as typified by Copernican theory:

What was the role of women in the scientific revolution?

One result of Galileo's trial was that:

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