Exam 8: The Expansion of Europe 950-1100

Although it represented a monumental struggle for power at the highest levels of society,the Investiture Conflict was a largely private affair that had little impact on local political or religious relationships.

Otto I's rule of Saxony:

In the period 950-1100,the West's center of gravity shifted from:

What issues lay at the heart of the Investiture Conflict,and how were they resolved?

The monastic reform movement that began at Cluny in Burgundy was unique in that Cluniac monasteries:

The term feudal comes from the Latin feudum,which refers to:

Rapid urbanization in Europe during the eleventh and twelfth centuries was fostered by:

Beginning in the eleventh century,the Church asserted its independence from secular rulers.

The Viking kingdoms of Scandinavia were so successful because:

The most long-lasting consequence of the First Crusade was the:

What reforms did the papacy undertake in the eleventh century?

Arabic mathematics revolutionized European economies by introducing:

Simony refers to:

How did William's rule over the newly conquered England create a new kind of monarchy?

At Canossa in the winter of 1077:

One factor that contributed to the increase in agricultural output in the medieval period was:

Although money lending was an important factor in the commercial success of Europe in this period:

Many towns and cities in the High Middle Ages:

The Ottonian emperors were the first to be able to exercise actual control in the areas they claimed to rule.

Charters of liberty allowed towns: