Question 1

According to the chapter about theoretical perspectives on close relationships,which of the following is true? (Hint: Think about the table at the end of the chapter. )

Accepted Answer

A)  Attachment theory can be faulted because it does not explain the variability among couples with the same attachment style. 
B)  Social exchange theory offers a compelling explanation for how perceptions of rewards and costs may change over time in a relationship. 
C)  Social learning theory overlooks the proximal causes of behavior in relationships. 
D)  Evolutionary theory focuses too much on fossils and other obscure types of evidence that really do not have much to do with human intimacy. 
A)  Attachment theory can be faulted because it does not explain the variability among couples with the same attachment style. 
B)  Social exchange theory offers a compelling explanation for how perceptions of rewards and costs may change over time in a relationship. 
C)  Social learning theory overlooks the proximal causes of behavior in relationships. 
D)  Evolutionary theory focuses too much on fossils and other obscure types of evidence that really do not have much to do with human intimacy.

Question 2

Which of the following is correct according to social exchange theory?

Accepted Answer

A)  Satisfaction = Outcome - CLalt 
B)  Satisfaction = Rewards - CL 
C)  Commitment = Satisfaction + Dependency 
D)  Dependency = Outcome - CL 
A)  Satisfaction = Outcome - CLalt 
B)  Satisfaction = Rewards - CL 
C)  Commitment = Satisfaction + Dependency 
D)  Dependency = Outcome - CL

Question 3

Paul is a 25-year-old single male.His friends are encouraging him to try online dating,but he does not see what the fuss is about because he is happy being alone and is content with his life.Based on Paul's working model,he is likely to have what type of attachment style?

Accepted Answer

A)  fearful 
B)  secure 
C)  dismissive 
D)  preoccupied 
A)  fearful 
B)  secure 
C)  dismissive 
D)  preoccupied

Question 4

Which of the following statements does NOT express a position consistent with evolutionary perspectives on intimate relationships?

Accepted Answer

A)  Males have developed conscious and explicit preferences for fertility in potential sexual partners. 
B)  Evolved psychological mechanisms are responsive to cues in the environment. 
C)  Mate preferences evolved to adapt not to the current environment but,rather,to the environment that humans faced thousands of years ago. 
D)  Preferences that increase reproductive success should be passed down across generations,even if those preferences impede survival. 
A)  Males have developed conscious and explicit preferences for fertility in potential sexual partners. 
B)  Evolved psychological mechanisms are responsive to cues in the environment. 
C)  Mate preferences evolved to adapt not to the current environment but,rather,to the environment that humans faced thousands of years ago. 
D)  Preferences that increase reproductive success should be passed down across generations,even if those preferences impede survival.

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a feature of theories?

Accepted Answer

A)  Theories shape how we think. 
B)  Theories guide research. 
C)  Theories are equally accurate at explaining behavior. 
D)  Theories can be explicit or implicit. 
A)  Theories shape how we think. 
B)  Theories guide research. 
C)  Theories are equally accurate at explaining behavior. 
D)  Theories can be explicit or implicit.

Question 6

Angela and Charlie have been dating for a few months.Despite spending most of their time together,Angela's low self-worth makes her concerned that Charlie is just not that into her.Based on Angela's working model,she is likely to have what type of attachment style?

Accepted Answer

A)  preoccupied 
B)  dismissing 
C)  secure 
D)  fearful 
A)  preoccupied 
B)  dismissing 
C)  secure 
D)  fearful

Question 7

Which statement about the comparison between social exchange theory and social learning theory is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both theories describe explicit mechanisms to explain how relationships change over time. 
B)  Social exchange theory describes rewards and costs broadly,but social learning theory focuses more narrowly on interpersonal behaviors. 
C)  Both theories consider the balance of rewards and costs in intimate relationships. 
D)  Social exchange theory was adapted from economics,but social learning theory was adapted from clinical psychology. 
A)  Both theories describe explicit mechanisms to explain how relationships change over time. 
B)  Social exchange theory describes rewards and costs broadly,but social learning theory focuses more narrowly on interpersonal behaviors. 
C)  Both theories consider the balance of rewards and costs in intimate relationships. 
D)  Social exchange theory was adapted from economics,but social learning theory was adapted from clinical psychology.

Question 8

The theory of parental investment states that sexual selection pressures vary based on the amount of energy and resources that each sex must invest to raise surviving offspring,with parental investment high for females.What are the implications of this differential investment for women's and men's mate preferences?

Accepted Answer

Females should be more selective about m

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a fundamental premise of the evolutionary perspective on intimate relationships?

Accepted Answer

A)  Humans must reproduce to pass their genes on to the next generation. 
B)  Survival during infancy requires an ability to maintain proximity to a primary caregiver. 
C)  Through natural selection,humans evolved characteristic ways of attracting and selecting mates. 
D)  Features that contribute to successful reproduction are passed down from generation to generation. 
A)  Humans must reproduce to pass their genes on to the next generation. 
B)  Survival during infancy requires an ability to maintain proximity to a primary caregiver. 
C)  Through natural selection,humans evolved characteristic ways of attracting and selecting mates. 
D)  Features that contribute to successful reproduction are passed down from generation to generation.

Question 10

Twelve-month-old Joshua enters an unfamiliar laboratory playroom with his mother.When she leaves,he gets distressed.When his mother has not returned after a few minutes,Joshua stops crying and starts playing listlessly in the far corner of the room.Joshua's behavior is an example of a:

Accepted Answer

A)  hyperactivating strategy. 
B)  deactivating strategy. 
C)  denial strategy. 
D)  protest strategy. 
A)  hyperactivating strategy. 
B)  deactivating strategy. 
C)  denial strategy. 
D)  protest strategy.

Question 11

Ajia used to live in New York City,where she had a long history of successful close relationships,and attractive men often asked her out.She now lives in Laramie,Wyoming,where she is in,what she considers,a rather poor relationship with Tom,a man she finds insensitive,although he is better than the other options available in her smaller community.From the perspective of social exchange theory,Ajia is in a situation where her:

Accepted Answer

A)  CL and CLalt both exceed her outcome. 
B)  outcome exceeds both her CL and CLalt. 
C)  CL exceeds her outcome,and her outcome exceeds her CLalt. 
D)  CLalt exceeds her outcome,and her outcome exceeds her CL. 
A)  CL and CLalt both exceed her outcome. 
B)  outcome exceeds both her CL and CLalt. 
C)  CL exceeds her outcome,and her outcome exceeds her CLalt. 
D)  CLalt exceeds her outcome,and her outcome exceeds her CL.

Question 12

Outline the fundamental premises of attachment theory.

Accepted Answer

(1)Infants possess an attachment behavio

Question 13

When your friend Tom first started dating Ashley,he told you how much he liked her and described her as being the "perfect" girl for him.However,Tom was worried that Ashley did not seem to want a committed relationship and that she might not like him as much as he liked her.When Ashley broke up with Tom,he became very depressed and spent hours talking with you about what went wrong.What is the most accurate statement?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tom was showing high attachment-related anxiety and low attachment-related avoidance. 
B)  Tom was showing low attachment-related anxiety and high attachment-related avoidance. 
C)  Tom would be considered fearful. 
D)  Tom experienced a normal reaction to a breakup. 
A)  Tom was showing high attachment-related anxiety and low attachment-related avoidance. 
B)  Tom was showing low attachment-related anxiety and high attachment-related avoidance. 
C)  Tom would be considered fearful. 
D)  Tom experienced a normal reaction to a breakup.

Question 14

The evolutionary perspectives on intimate relationships and attachment theory are similar in that they both:

Accepted Answer

A)  suggest that the roots of our current intimate relationships lie in the past. 
B)  suggest we must look to our ancestry to understand intimate relationships. 
C)  focus on how childhood experiences affect adult intimate relationships. 
D)  focus on the way humans' primate relatives raise their young. 
A)  suggest that the roots of our current intimate relationships lie in the past. 
B)  suggest we must look to our ancestry to understand intimate relationships. 
C)  focus on how childhood experiences affect adult intimate relationships. 
D)  focus on the way humans' primate relatives raise their young.

Question 15

Social exchange theory and interdependence theory differ in which of the following ways?

Accepted Answer

A)  focus on rewards and costs 
B)  unit of analysis 
C)  explanation of human behavior 
D)  associations with satisfaction 
A)  focus on rewards and costs 
B)  unit of analysis 
C)  explanation of human behavior 
D)  associations with satisfaction

Question 16

According to the theory of parental investment,men and women differ in the amount of energy and resources they invest to raise surviving offspring,with parental investment being higher for women than for men.Consequently,men and women have evolved different mate preferences.Which of the following is NOT consistent with the theory of parental investment?

Accepted Answer

A)  Li-ying always dates men who are taller than she is. 
B)  Yasir has dated (and had sexual relations with)only one woman,the one to whom he is married. 
C)  Brett goes on dates with many women but stops seeing them if he finds out they are not virgins. 
D)  Tatiana does not date male students at her college;rather,she only dates men who have established careers. 
A)  Li-ying always dates men who are taller than she is. 
B)  Yasir has dated (and had sexual relations with)only one woman,the one to whom he is married. 
C)  Brett goes on dates with many women but stops seeing them if he finds out they are not virgins. 
D)  Tatiana does not date male students at her college;rather,she only dates men who have established careers.

Question 17

Jenny's partner enjoys cooking,and he often prepares gourmet meals for her.In the language of social exchange theory,what would we call this behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  a reward 
B)  a cost 
C)  a social reward 
D)  an opportunity cost 
A)  a reward 
B)  a cost 
C)  a social reward 
D)  an opportunity cost

Question 18

When your friend Ashley first started dating Tom,she told you he seemed like a really nice guy,but she did not spend much time talking about him.After some time,however,Ashley started complaining that Tom wanted to spend time with her constantly and seemed to expect more of a commitment from her than she was interested in giving.She felt frustrated that he did not respect her need for independence,and she eventually broke up with him.What is the most accurate statement?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ashley was showing high attachment-related anxiety and low attachment-related avoidance. 
B)  Ashley was showing low attachment-related anxiety and high attachment-related avoidance. 
C)  Ashley would be considered fearful. 
D)  Ashley would be considered secure. 
A)  Ashley was showing high attachment-related anxiety and low attachment-related avoidance. 
B)  Ashley was showing low attachment-related anxiety and high attachment-related avoidance. 
C)  Ashley would be considered fearful. 
D)  Ashley would be considered secure.

Question 19

How are the dimensions of attachment-related anxiety and attachment-related avoidance related to the four attachment styles (secure,fearful,preoccupied,and dismissing)? Why do researchers and theorists now assess the attachment dimensions of anxiety and avoidance rather than use categories to assess the quality of attachment?

Accepted Answer

Secure = low anxiety,low avoidance;Fearf

Question 20

A type of adaptation called "sexual selection" occurs when a characteristic has evolved because it:

Accepted Answer

A)  increases an organism's chances of successfully reproducing. 
B)  increases an organism's chances for survival. 
C)  increases an organism's chances of finding food. 
D)  decreases an organism's exposure to predators. 
A)  increases an organism's chances of successfully reproducing. 
B)  increases an organism's chances for survival. 
C)  increases an organism's chances of finding food. 
D)  decreases an organism's exposure to predators.

According to the chapter about theoretical perspectives on close relationships,which of the following is true? (Hint: Think about the table at the end of the chapter. )

Which of the following is correct according to social exchange theory?

Paul is a 25-year-old single male.His friends are encouraging him to try online dating,but he does not see what the fuss is about because he is happy being alone and is content with his life.Based on Paul's working model,he is likely to have what type of attachment style?

Which of the following statements does NOT express a position consistent with evolutionary perspectives on intimate relationships?

Which of the following is NOT a feature of theories?

Angela and Charlie have been dating for a few months.Despite spending most of their time together,Angela's low self-worth makes her concerned that Charlie is just not that into her.Based on Angela's working model,she is likely to have what type of attachment style?

Which statement about the comparison between social exchange theory and social learning theory is FALSE?

Which of the following is NOT a fundamental premise of the evolutionary perspective on intimate relationships?

Twelve-month-old Joshua enters an unfamiliar laboratory playroom with his mother.When she leaves,he gets distressed.When his mother has not returned after a few minutes,Joshua stops crying and starts playing listlessly in the far corner of the room.Joshua's behavior is an example of a:

Outline the fundamental premises of attachment theory.

The evolutionary perspectives on intimate relationships and attachment theory are similar in that they both:

Social exchange theory and interdependence theory differ in which of the following ways?

Jenny's partner enjoys cooking,and he often prepares gourmet meals for her.In the language of social exchange theory,what would we call this behavior?

A type of adaptation called "sexual selection" occurs when a characteristic has evolved because it:

Love and Why It Matters

Research Methods

Gender

Sexual Orientation

Personality and Personal History

Romantic Attraction

Communication

Sexual Intimacy

Conflict

Infidelity and Aggression

Interpreting Experience

Stress and Context

Relationships Across the Lifespan

Improving Relationships

Filters

Exam 2: Influential Theories

According to the chapter about theoretical perspectives on close relationships,which of the following is true? (Hint: Think about the table at the end of the chapter. )

Which of the following is correct according to social exchange theory?

Paul is a 25-year-old single male.His friends are encouraging him to try online dating,but he does not see what the fuss is about because he is happy being alone and is content with his life.Based on Paul's working model,he is likely to have what type of attachment style?

Which of the following statements does NOT express a position consistent with evolutionary perspectives on intimate relationships?

Which of the following is NOT a feature of theories?

Angela and Charlie have been dating for a few months.Despite spending most of their time together,Angela's low self-worth makes her concerned that Charlie is just not that into her.Based on Angela's working model,she is likely to have what type of attachment style?

Which statement about the comparison between social exchange theory and social learning theory is FALSE?

Which of the following is NOT a fundamental premise of the evolutionary perspective on intimate relationships?

Twelve-month-old Joshua enters an unfamiliar laboratory playroom with his mother.When she leaves,he gets distressed.When his mother has not returned after a few minutes,Joshua stops crying and starts playing listlessly in the far corner of the room.Joshua's behavior is an example of a:

Outline the fundamental premises of attachment theory.

The evolutionary perspectives on intimate relationships and attachment theory are similar in that they both:

Social exchange theory and interdependence theory differ in which of the following ways?

Jenny's partner enjoys cooking,and he often prepares gourmet meals for her.In the language of social exchange theory,what would we call this behavior?

A type of adaptation called "sexual selection" occurs when a characteristic has evolved because it:

Love and Why It Matters

Research Methods

Gender

Sexual Orientation

Personality and Personal History

Romantic Attraction

Communication

Sexual Intimacy

Conflict

Infidelity and Aggression

Interpreting Experience

Stress and Context

Relationships Across the Lifespan

Improving Relationships

Filters