Question 1

According to Siegler, which three mechanisms work together to create changes in children's cognitive skills?

Accepted Answer

A)  attention, memory, and thinking 
B)  assimilation, accommodation, and thinking 
C)  encoding, decoding, and recall 
D)  encoding, automaticity, and strategy construction 
A)  attention, memory, and thinking 
B)  assimilation, accommodation, and thinking 
C)  encoding, decoding, and recall 
D)  encoding, automaticity, and strategy construction

Question 2

Ruth is listening to her teacher while ignoring the noise coming from a nearby classroom. Her attention allocation is

Accepted Answer

A)  sustained. 
B)  selective. 
C)  divided. 
D)  habituated. 
A)  sustained. 
B)  selective. 
C)  divided. 
D)  habituated.

Question 3

In the marshmallow experiments, those children who sang songs or picked their nose while waiting for the return of the experimenter ________ and ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  engaged in "hot thoughts"; are less developed in executive function 
B)  engaged in "cool thoughts"; are less developed in executive function 
C)  engaged in "hot thoughts"; are more developed in executive function 
D)  engaged in "cool thoughts"; are more developed in executive function 
A)  engaged in "hot thoughts"; are less developed in executive function 
B)  engaged in "cool thoughts"; are less developed in executive function 
C)  engaged in "hot thoughts"; are more developed in executive function 
D)  engaged in "cool thoughts"; are more developed in executive function

Question 4

Critical thinking involves

Accepted Answer

A)  grasping the deeper meaning of ideas. 
B)  not restricting oneself to one approach/perspective. 
C)  asking questions and speculating beyond the known facts and arguments. 
D)  All of these answers are correct. 
A)  grasping the deeper meaning of ideas. 
B)  not restricting oneself to one approach/perspective. 
C)  asking questions and speculating beyond the known facts and arguments. 
D)  All of these answers are correct.

Question 5

Being aware of options and available alternatives that allow for adaptation to situations is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  cognitive flexibility. 
B)  the dual-process model. 
C)  reducing interfering thoughts. 
D)  focusing attention. 
A)  cognitive flexibility. 
B)  the dual-process model. 
C)  reducing interfering thoughts. 
D)  focusing attention.

Question 6

Explain the concepts of habituation and dishabituation.

Accepted Answer

Habituation is a decreased res

Question 7

According to Jacqueline and Martin Brooks (1993, 2001), school teachers typically did NOT do which of the following at school to promote critical thinking?

Accepted Answer

A)  Make sure students got the single correct answer to a question. 
B)  Encourage students to come up with new ideas and rethink conclusions. 
C)  Ask students to define, describe, and list. 
D)  Ask students to recite and memorize. 
A)  Make sure students got the single correct answer to a question. 
B)  Encourage students to come up with new ideas and rethink conclusions. 
C)  Ask students to define, describe, and list. 
D)  Ask students to recite and memorize.

Question 8

Rob is listening to Katie's anecdote amidst the loud music and laughter of many others at the party. This is an example of _____ attention.

Accepted Answer

A)  executive 
B)  selective 
C)  divided 
D)  sustained 
A)  executive 
B)  selective 
C)  divided 
D)  sustained

Question 9

According to Rakison and Lawson (2013), during the second year, younger infants tend to have categories such as ________, while older infants tend to have categories such as _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  chairs/tables; furniture 
B)  furniture; chairs/tables 
C)  chairs; tables 
D)  furniture; animal 
A)  chairs/tables; furniture 
B)  furniture; chairs/tables 
C)  chairs; tables 
D)  furniture; animal

Question 10

Child A understands that people may have ambivalent feelings. Child B begins to understand that people's behaviors do not necessarily reflect their thoughts and feelings. Child C believes that if a person sits quietly, they are not thinking much. Child A could be ____. Child B could be _______. Child C could be __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  4 years old; 6 years old; a young adolescent 
B)  a young adolescent; 6 years old; 4 years old 
C)  a young adolescent; 4 years old; 6 years old 
D)  6 years old; 4 years old; a young adolescent 
A)  4 years old; 6 years old; a young adolescent 
B)  a young adolescent; 6 years old; 4 years old 
C)  a young adolescent; 4 years old; 6 years old 
D)  6 years old; 4 years old; a young adolescent

Question 11

What is the theory of mind?

Accepted Answer

Refers to awareness of one's own mental

Question 12

In terms of scientific thinking, what is characteristic of the reasoning of children that is not typical of the reasoning of scientists?

Accepted Answer

A)  a failure to develop theories or hypotheses 
B)  motivation by curiosity 
C)  greater influence by happenstance events 
D)  greater influence by broad patterns 
A)  a failure to develop theories or hypotheses 
B)  motivation by curiosity 
C)  greater influence by happenstance events 
D)  greater influence by broad patterns

Question 13

Most research shows that the majority of babies do not exhibit explicit memory until

Accepted Answer

A)  3 to 6 months. 
B)  6 to 12 months. 
C)  18 months. 
D)  2 years. 
A)  3 to 6 months. 
B)  6 to 12 months. 
C)  18 months. 
D)  2 years.

Question 14

The creation of a new procedure for processing information is

Accepted Answer

A)  encoding. 
B)  automaticity. 
C)  strategy construction. 
D)  metacognition. 
A)  encoding. 
B)  automaticity. 
C)  strategy construction. 
D)  metacognition.

Question 15

The conscious memory of facts and experiences referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  explicit memory. 
B)  implicit memory. 
C)  semantic memory. 
D)  procedural memory. 
A)  explicit memory. 
B)  implicit memory. 
C)  semantic memory. 
D)  procedural memory.

Question 16

What is the difference between perceptual and conceptual categorization?

Accepted Answer

Perceptual categorization: based on simi

Question 17

Which of the following is 70-year-old Leo LEAST likely to forget?

Accepted Answer

A)  names of high school classmates 
B)  the life events he had in his 40s and 50s 
C)  how to swim 
D)  capital city names 
A)  names of high school classmates 
B)  the life events he had in his 40s and 50s 
C)  how to swim 
D)  capital city names

Question 18

Monica rotates the presentation of her infant's toys every few minutes, because she doesn't want him to become bored or

Accepted Answer

A)  dishabituated. 
B)  habituated. 
C)  divided in his attention. 
D)  overstimulated. 
A)  dishabituated. 
B)  habituated. 
C)  divided in his attention. 
D)  overstimulated.

Question 19

"Knowing about knowing" is called

Accepted Answer

A)  automaticity. 
B)  metacognition. 
C)  strategy construction. 
D)  encoding. 
A)  automaticity. 
B)  metacognition. 
C)  strategy construction. 
D)  encoding.

Question 20

In Schaie's Seattle Longitudinal Study, processing speed began to decline in

Accepted Answer

A)  adolescence. 
B)  early adulthood. 
C)  middle adulthood. 
D)  late adulthood. 
A)  adolescence. 
B)  early adulthood. 
C)  middle adulthood. 
D)  late adulthood.

According to Siegler, which three mechanisms work together to create changes in children's cognitive skills?

Ruth is listening to her teacher while ignoring the noise coming from a nearby classroom. Her attention allocation is

In the marshmallow experiments, those children who sang songs or picked their nose while waiting for the return of the experimenter __ and .

Critical thinking involves

Being aware of options and available alternatives that allow for adaptation to situations is known as

Explain the concepts of habituation and dishabituation.

According to Jacqueline and Martin Brooks (1993, 2001), school teachers typically did NOT do which of the following at school to promote critical thinking?

Rob is listening to Katie's anecdote amidst the loud music and laughter of many others at the party. This is an example of _____ attention.

According to Rakison and Lawson (2013), during the second year, younger infants tend to have categories such as __, while older infants tend to have categories such as _.

What is the theory of mind?

In terms of scientific thinking, what is characteristic of the reasoning of children that is not typical of the reasoning of scientists?

Most research shows that the majority of babies do not exhibit explicit memory until

The creation of a new procedure for processing information is

The conscious memory of facts and experiences referred to as

What is the difference between perceptual and conceptual categorization?

Which of the following is 70-year-old Leo LEAST likely to forget?

Monica rotates the presentation of her infant's toys every few minutes, because she doesn't want him to become bored or

"Knowing about knowing" is called

In Schaie's Seattle Longitudinal Study, processing speed began to decline in

Introduction

Biological Beginnings

Physical Development and Biological Aging

Health

Motor, Sensory, and Perceptual Development

Cognitive Developmental Approaches

Intelligence

Language Development

Emotional Development and Attachment

The Self, Identity, and Personality

Gender and Sexuality

Moral Development, Values, and Religion

Families, Lifestyles, and Parenting

Peers and the Sociocultural World

Schools, Achievement, and Work

Death, Dying, and Grieving

Filters

Exam 7: Information Processing

According to Siegler, which three mechanisms work together to create changes in children's cognitive skills?

Ruth is listening to her teacher while ignoring the noise coming from a nearby classroom. Her attention allocation is

In the marshmallow experiments, those children who sang songs or picked their nose while waiting for the return of the experimenter ________ and ______.

Critical thinking involves

Being aware of options and available alternatives that allow for adaptation to situations is known as

Explain the concepts of habituation and dishabituation.

According to Jacqueline and Martin Brooks (1993, 2001), school teachers typically did NOT do which of the following at school to promote critical thinking?

Rob is listening to Katie's anecdote amidst the loud music and laughter of many others at the party. This is an example of _____ attention.

According to Rakison and Lawson (2013), during the second year, younger infants tend to have categories such as ________, while older infants tend to have categories such as _______.

What is the theory of mind?

In terms of scientific thinking, what is characteristic of the reasoning of children that is not typical of the reasoning of scientists?

Most research shows that the majority of babies do not exhibit explicit memory until

The creation of a new procedure for processing information is

The conscious memory of facts and experiences referred to as

What is the difference between perceptual and conceptual categorization?

Which of the following is 70-year-old Leo LEAST likely to forget?

Monica rotates the presentation of her infant's toys every few minutes, because she doesn't want him to become bored or

"Knowing about knowing" is called

In Schaie's Seattle Longitudinal Study, processing speed began to decline in

Introduction

Biological Beginnings

Physical Development and Biological Aging

Health

Motor, Sensory, and Perceptual Development

Cognitive Developmental Approaches

Intelligence

Language Development

Emotional Development and Attachment

The Self, Identity, and Personality

Gender and Sexuality

Moral Development, Values, and Religion

Families, Lifestyles, and Parenting

Peers and the Sociocultural World

Schools, Achievement, and Work

Death, Dying, and Grieving

Filters

In the marshmallow experiments, those children who sang songs or picked their nose while waiting for the return of the experimenter __ and .

According to Rakison and Lawson (2013), during the second year, younger infants tend to have categories such as __, while older infants tend to have categories such as _.