Exam 4: Genetics and Evolution

People are to __________ selection as nature is to __________ selection.

Researcher Robert Tryon used __________ of rats to demonstrate that certain traits can be promoted by appropriate pairings of genes.

Which of the following statements about the chromosomes of different species is true?

Who was the author of the massively influential book The Origin of Species in 1859?

What does DNA stand for?

Which of the following emotions does not produce a universally recognized facial expression?

Most species of mammals are __________,which describes a pattern by which the mother invests a lot of time in parenting the young while the father's "job" is over after the female is impregnated.

Researchers have found that if one identical (monozygotic)twin suffers from schizophrenia,the other twin has a 50% chance of developing that condition.In fraternal (dizygotic)twins,however,if one twin has the condition than the other a 27% chance of developing the disorder.These results provide evidence that there may be a strong __________ component to schizophrenia.

The process by which a cell replicates itself,producing four new cells each with half of the chromosomes of the original cell is called __________.

Infant __________ refer to a set of innate traits in humans.

How much of human DNA is genetically similar to that of chimpanzees?

__________ means "coming from the interaction of several genes."

A group of genes acting together to produce a specific trait or characteristic is known as a gene __________.

Mikhail is an architect who designs beautiful homes.He takes a few weeks to draw up a blueprint,and then this plan is given to a contractor who builds the home based on the blueprint.Genetically speaking,the blueprint created by Mikhail is a __________,while the house built by the contractor is a __________.

In order to demonstrate very important principles of heredity,Gregor Mendel cross-bred different strains of __________ to see what sort of offspring they would produce.

No more than ___% of genetic differences arise from average population,racial,or ethnic group differences.

Instinctive or characteristic ways of behaving that are particular to a certain species is referred to as species-__________ behavior.

In the evolution of human beings,how long ago did we go from being quadrupeds (walking on four legs)to bipeds (walking on two legs)?

Martin is a dairy farmer who makes more profit when his cows produce more milk.He has recently taken to selectively breeding cows that produce more milk ahead of cows that produce less milk so that he will be able to maximize his product output.Additionally,he tries to push breeding of chickens that produce more eggs so that he has more eggs to sell.According to Charles Darwin,Martin is engaging in __________ selection.

Researchers in __________ analyze the relative effects of genes and environmental factors on behavior and mental processes.