Exam 1: Introduction

The term __________ psychology refers to the use of psychological theory and practice to tackle real-world problems.

Suppose you were a graduate student studying for a Ph.D.in psychology in the 1920s.Your advisor was John B.Watson.Which of the following might your advisor consider an acceptable choice for your research?

Sigmund Freud suggested that unconscious motives are largely responsible for human behaviors.

After reading about the possible causes of schizophrenia,a scientist thinks that a virus is the most likely cause.What term most accurately describes the scientist's idea?

For Freud,much of our behavior is controlled by __________.

You attend a lecture by a psychologist who keeps using terms like reaching one's potential and self-actualization.This psychologist has been most influenced by the theories of ____________?

The structuralists believed that elements of consciousness could be studied through a method called "introspection," which means __________.

The science of psychology does not given any importance to experiences that people have,but only focuses on occurrences that can be objectively verified by appropriate instruments.

Because psychology is considered a "soft" science when compared to disciplines like biology,chemistry,and physics,psychological research does not need to pay attention to the same rules of the scientific methods as those other disciplines.

Which of the following is an accurate English translation of the German word "gestalt?"

Byron was reading an article in the New York Times that discussed the effectiveness of a new medication for those suffering from scleroderma.The article interviewed the medicine's inventor,who gave a plethora of information as to why this medication is safe,effective,and economical.Because Byron is a critical thinker,he is cautious in his acceptance of the article's claims.Why?

A noted scientist argues that psychology should scientifically study how people process information,and then use that information to solve problems.This scientist is probably a(n)__________ psychologist.

Controlling behavior is one of the four goals of the scientific method of psychology.

B.F.Skinner and John B.Watson were humanistic psychologists.

Proponents of the __________ school of thought felt that psychology should concentrate on observable behavior that can be directly measured and recorded.

You are trying to convince a friend to go out for a night on the town,but she refuses,saying "I just have so much to get done and I don't want to leave it until the last minute." You try to convince her to stop being so responsible and to have some fun,but she refuses.Finally,in a fit of frustration,you yell "Why are you so anal all of the time?" Your friend,a psychology major,laughs at you and says "Gee,I didn't know that you believed in the psychological theories of __________."

Why is it optimal for a researcher to ensure that only one variable changes throughout an experiment?

A psychologist who adheres to the Gestalt school is staring at a banana.Which of the following statements is she most likely to make?

A behavioral psychologist is most likely to fall on the "nature" side of the nature vs.nurture debate.

In what year was the American Psychological Association founded?