Question 1

When is the best time for the nurse to administer Lispro?

Accepted Answer

A)  After the patient has started eating 
B)  Within 10 to 15 minutes of eating 
C)  30 minutes before a meal 
D)  45 to 60 minutes before a meal 
A)  After the patient has started eating 
B)  Within 10 to 15 minutes of eating 
C)  30 minutes before a meal 
D)  45 to 60 minutes before a meal B

Question 2

A patient received the evening dose of Lispro subcutaneously at 16:30 PM.What time will symptoms of hypoglycemia likely occur?

Accepted Answer

A)  19:00 
B)  18:30 
C)  01:30 
D)  06:00 
A)  19:00 
B)  18:30 
C)  01:30 
D)  06:00 B

Question 3

The nurse is instructing a patient about insulin administration.Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?

Accepted Answer

A)  "I may need more insulin if I have surgery." 
B)  "Once I open my insulin,I will store it in the refrigerator." 
C)  "I will date the insulin bottle when I open it." 
D)  "I will keep a spare bottle of insulin on hand." 
A)  "I may need more insulin if I have surgery." 
B)  "Once I open my insulin,I will store it in the refrigerator." 
C)  "I will date the insulin bottle when I open it." 
D)  "I will keep a spare bottle of insulin on hand." B

Question 4

A patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus,which was previously controlled with an oral antidiabetic agent,is hospitalized for treatment of a leg ulcer.The healthcare provider has ordered sliding scale insulin coverage with regular insulin for hyperglycemia.The nurse brings the injection into the room,and the patient becomes upset,stating "I don't want to start taking that drug! I'll need it the rest of my life." What is the nurse's best response?

Accepted Answer

A)  "This is the same drug as the oral medication you were taking.It's a stronger dose while you are in the hospital." 
B)  "Don't worry.You shouldn't need this too often.As you feel better,your blood glucose level will drop." 
C)  "Your body is under stress right now,which raises your blood glucose level.This does not mean you will be on this drug permanently.Once you're feeling better,your provider will determine if your oral medication is all you will need." 
D)  "Your disease is progressing and your pancreas is producing less insulin.I know this is a hard time for you.Do you want to talk about it?" 
A)  "This is the same drug as the oral medication you were taking.It's a stronger dose while you are in the hospital." 
B)  "Don't worry.You shouldn't need this too often.As you feel better,your blood glucose level will drop." 
C)  "Your body is under stress right now,which raises your blood glucose level.This does not mean you will be on this drug permanently.Once you're feeling better,your provider will determine if your oral medication is all you will need." 
D)  "Your disease is progressing and your pancreas is producing less insulin.I know this is a hard time for you.Do you want to talk about it?"

Question 5

Which instruction is most important for the nurse to teach a patient with diabetes who is receiving metformin?

Accepted Answer

A)  Take the medication before meals. 
B)  This medication will cause the pancreas to secrete more insulin. 
C)  Stop taking the drug 24 to 48 hours prior to radiopaque dye procedures. 
D)  There may be an increase in the triglyceride level. 
A)  Take the medication before meals. 
B)  This medication will cause the pancreas to secrete more insulin. 
C)  Stop taking the drug 24 to 48 hours prior to radiopaque dye procedures. 
D)  There may be an increase in the triglyceride level.

Question 6

The nurse is educating a patient with diabetes mellitus regarding urine testing for ketones.Information provided will include that ketone testing should be done: (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  when illness occurs. 
B)  during pregnancy. 
C)  before and after physical exercise. 
D)  when blood glucose is above usual range. 
E)  every morning upon awakening. 
A)  when illness occurs. 
B)  during pregnancy. 
C)  before and after physical exercise. 
D)  when blood glucose is above usual range. 
E)  every morning upon awakening.

Question 7

Which is most important for the successful management of diabetes mellitus?

Accepted Answer

A)  A network of community resources 
B)  The level of self-management 
C)  Preventative education 
D)  Frequent follow-up with the healthcare provider 
A)  A network of community resources 
B)  The level of self-management 
C)  Preventative education 
D)  Frequent follow-up with the healthcare provider

Question 8

After a blood glucose reading,it is determined that the patient should receive 4 units of Lispro and 8 units of NPH.Which action will the nurse take to administer these medications?

Accepted Answer

A)  Draw up each insulin in separate syringes and administer two injections. 
B)  Draw up the NPH first and then the Lispro using the same syringe. 
C)  Administer the Lispro before the meal and the NPH after the meal. 
D)  Draw up the Lispro first and then the NPH using the same syringe. 
A)  Draw up each insulin in separate syringes and administer two injections. 
B)  Draw up the NPH first and then the Lispro using the same syringe. 
C)  Administer the Lispro before the meal and the NPH after the meal. 
D)  Draw up the Lispro first and then the NPH using the same syringe.

Question 9

The nurse is administering sulfonylurea drugs to four different patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes.Which patient should not receive the medication as ordered?

Accepted Answer

A)  A 42-year-old man with hypertension 
B)  A 50-year-old woman with shingles 
C)  An 80-year-old woman with an allergy to sulfa 
D)  A 37-year-old man with a blood glucose level of 140 
A)  A 42-year-old man with hypertension 
B)  A 50-year-old woman with shingles 
C)  An 80-year-old woman with an allergy to sulfa 
D)  A 37-year-old man with a blood glucose level of 140

Question 10

A third subclass of diabetes mellitus includes additional types of diabetes that are part of other diseases having features not generally associated with the diabetic state.Which disorder(s)may have an associated diabetic component? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Patients receiving high-dose corticosteroid therapy for disease maintenance 
B)  Cushing's syndrome 
C)  Alzheimer's disease 
D)  Acromegaly 
E)  Malnutrition 
A)  Patients receiving high-dose corticosteroid therapy for disease maintenance 
B)  Cushing's syndrome 
C)  Alzheimer's disease 
D)  Acromegaly 
E)  Malnutrition

Question 11

Which statement(s)regarding type 2 diabetes mellitus would be correct? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Type 2 diabetes is more prevalent in overweight people older than 45 years. 
B)  A genetic predisposition exists for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. 
C)  Type 2 diabetes requires lifelong insulin replacement. 
D)  Type 2 diabetes is often diagnosed after complications have resulted. 
E)  Women have a higher incidence of type 2 diabetes. 
A)  Type 2 diabetes is more prevalent in overweight people older than 45 years. 
B)  A genetic predisposition exists for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. 
C)  Type 2 diabetes requires lifelong insulin replacement. 
D)  Type 2 diabetes is often diagnosed after complications have resulted. 
E)  Women have a higher incidence of type 2 diabetes.

Question 12

It is 2:00 PM and a patient who has been NPO since 12:00 AM for a bronchoscopy is complaining of a headache and shakiness and is extremely irritable.Vital signs are within normal limits,and a one touch glucose reads 50 mg/dL.Which action is most important for the nurse to take?

Accepted Answer

A)  Have the patient eat a snack and drink milk. 
B)  Administer glucagon subcutaneously. 
C)  Call the bronchoscopy room to follow up with the delay. 
D)  Obtain an A1c test. 
A)  Have the patient eat a snack and drink milk. 
B)  Administer glucagon subcutaneously. 
C)  Call the bronchoscopy room to follow up with the delay. 
D)  Obtain an A1c test.

Question 13

What laboratory test is the preferred screening test for diabetes in children and nonpregnant adults?

Accepted Answer

A)  FPG 
B)  ECG 
C)  GTT 
D)  A1c 
A)  FPG 
B)  ECG 
C)  GTT 
D)  A1c

Question 14

A 65-year-old man is diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Which patient symptom(s)would indicate type 1 diabetes mellitus and not type 2? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Impotence 
B)  Increased thirst over the past week 
C)  A 10-lb weight loss within the past month 
D)  Polyphagia 
E)  Ketoacidosis 
A)  Impotence 
B)  Increased thirst over the past week 
C)  A 10-lb weight loss within the past month 
D)  Polyphagia 
E)  Ketoacidosis

Question 15

What test determines glycemic control over the previous 8 to 10 weeks?

Accepted Answer

A)  24-hour glucose clearance test (GTT) 
B)  Fructosamine test 
C)  Fasting blood sugar (FBS) 
D)  A1c test 
A)  24-hour glucose clearance test (GTT) 
B)  Fructosamine test 
C)  Fasting blood sugar (FBS) 
D)  A1c test

Question 16

The patient asks the nurse how sulfonylureas normalize glucose levels.Which response by the nurse is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  By stimulating pancreatic secretion of insulin 
B)  By inhibiting secretion of insulin by the pancreas 
C)  By increasing glucose production in the liver 
D)  By increasing insulin metabolism in the liver 
A)  By stimulating pancreatic secretion of insulin 
B)  By inhibiting secretion of insulin by the pancreas 
C)  By increasing glucose production in the liver 
D)  By increasing insulin metabolism in the liver

Question 17

The nurse is caring for a patient with a new diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus.When assisting with the plan of care,which goal set by the patient will require revision?

Accepted Answer

A)  Patient will participate in 20 minutes of cardiovascular exercise 5 days a week. 
B)  Patient will discontinue insulin use within 1 year. 
C)  Patient will consume 20% of caloric intake from fat. 
D)  Patient will demonstrate accurate self-glucose testing skills. 
A)  Patient will participate in 20 minutes of cardiovascular exercise 5 days a week. 
B)  Patient will discontinue insulin use within 1 year. 
C)  Patient will consume 20% of caloric intake from fat. 
D)  Patient will demonstrate accurate self-glucose testing skills.

Question 18

Which dietary control measures are used in the management of diabetes mellitus? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Specific daily caloric requirements 
B)  Consistent carbohydrate diabetes meal plan 
C)  50% intake of carbohydrates daily 
D)  Adjustments to daily meals according to age,metabolic stress,pregnancy,and advanced age and/or older adults 
E)  20% intake of proteins daily 
A)  Specific daily caloric requirements 
B)  Consistent carbohydrate diabetes meal plan 
C)  50% intake of carbohydrates daily 
D)  Adjustments to daily meals according to age,metabolic stress,pregnancy,and advanced age and/or older adults 
E)  20% intake of proteins daily

Question 19

Which instruction by the nurse is accurate to include when providing teaching to a patient recently diagnosed with diabetes who has been prescribed insulin?

Accepted Answer

A)  Beta blockers can mask symptoms of hypoglycemia. 
B)  Lipodystrophy increases the absorption of insulin. 
C)  Infection will decrease the need for insulin. 
D)  Excessive exercise will increase the need for insulin. 
A)  Beta blockers can mask symptoms of hypoglycemia. 
B)  Lipodystrophy increases the absorption of insulin. 
C)  Infection will decrease the need for insulin. 
D)  Excessive exercise will increase the need for insulin.

Exam 35: Drugs Used to Treat Diabetes Mellitus

When is the best time for the nurse to administer Lispro?

A patient received the evening dose of Lispro subcutaneously at 16:30 PM.What time will symptoms of hypoglycemia likely occur?

The nurse is instructing a patient about insulin administration.Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching?

Which instruction is most important for the nurse to teach a patient with diabetes who is receiving metformin?

The nurse is educating a patient with diabetes mellitus regarding urine testing for ketones.Information provided will include that ketone testing should be done: (Select all that apply.)

Which is most important for the successful management of diabetes mellitus?

After a blood glucose reading,it is determined that the patient should receive 4 units of Lispro and 8 units of NPH.Which action will the nurse take to administer these medications?

The nurse is administering sulfonylurea drugs to four different patients diagnosed with type 2 diabetes.Which patient should not receive the medication as ordered?

A third subclass of diabetes mellitus includes additional types of diabetes that are part of other diseases having features not generally associated with the diabetic state.Which disorder(s)may have an associated diabetic component? (Select all that apply.)

Which statement(s)regarding type 2 diabetes mellitus would be correct? (Select all that apply.)

It is 2:00 PM and a patient who has been NPO since 12:00 AM for a bronchoscopy is complaining of a headache and shakiness and is extremely irritable.Vital signs are within normal limits,and a one touch glucose reads 50 mg/dL.Which action is most important for the nurse to take?

What laboratory test is the preferred screening test for diabetes in children and nonpregnant adults?

A 65-year-old man is diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Which patient symptom(s)would indicate type 1 diabetes mellitus and not type 2? (Select all that apply.)

What test determines glycemic control over the previous 8 to 10 weeks?

The patient asks the nurse how sulfonylureas normalize glucose levels.Which response by the nurse is correct?

The nurse is caring for a patient with a new diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus.When assisting with the plan of care,which goal set by the patient will require revision?

Which dietary control measures are used in the management of diabetes mellitus? (Select all that apply.)

Which instruction by the nurse is accurate to include when providing teaching to a patient recently diagnosed with diabetes who has been prescribed insulin?

Drug Definitions, standards, and Information Sources

Basic Principles of Drug Action and Drug Interactions

Drug Action Across the Life Span

The Nursing Process and Pharmacology

Patient Education to Promote Health

Principles of Medication Administration and Medication Safety

Percutaneous Administration

Enteral Administration

Parenteral Administration: Safe Preparation of Parenteral Medications

Parenteral Administration: Intradermal, subcutaneous, and Intramuscular Routes

Parenteral Administration: Intravenous Route

Drugs Affecting the Autonomic Nervous System

Drugs Used for Sleep

Drugs Used to Treat Neurodegenerative Disorders

Drugs Used for Anxiety Disorders

Drugs Used for Depressive and Bipolar Disorders

Drugs Used for Psychoses

Drugs Used for Seizure Disorders

Drugs Used for Pain Management

Introduction to Cardiovascular Disease and Metabolic Syndrome

Drugs Used to Treat Dyslipidemias

Drugs Used to Treat Hypertension

Drugs Used to Treat Dysrhythmias

Drugs Used to Treat Angina Pectoris

Drugs Used to Treat Peripheral Vascular Disease

Drugs Used to Treat Thromboembolic Disorders

Drugs Used to Treat Heart Failure

Drugs Used for Diuresis

Drugs Used to Treat Upper Respiratory Disease

Drugs Used to Treat Lower Respiratory Disease

Drugs Used to Treat Oral Disorders

Drugs Used to Treat Gastroesophageal Reflux and Peptic Ulcer Disease

Drugs Used to Treat Nausea and Vomiting

Drugs Used to Treat Constipation and Diarrhea

Drugs Used to Treat Thyroid Disease

Corticosteroids

Gonadal Hormones

Drugs Used in Obstetrics

Drugs Used in Mens and Womens Health

Drugs Used to Treat Disorders of the Urinary System

Drugs Used to Treat Glaucoma and Other Eye Disorders

Drugs Used to Treat Cancer

Drugs Used to Treat the Musculoskeletal System

Antimicrobial Agents

Nutrition

Herbal and Dietary Supplement Therapy

Substance Abuse

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