Question 1

The ________ is the site of initial rupturing associated with an earthquake.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The ________ is the site of initial...

Question 2

Earthquakes result from the sudden release of elastic strain energy previously stored in rocks surrounding a zone of fault movement.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

The record of an earthquake obtained from a seismic instrument is a(n) ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  seismograph 
B)  seismogram 
C)  time-travel graph 
D)  epigraph 
A)  seismograph 
B)  seismogram 
C)  time-travel graph 
D)  epigraph

Question 4

The average composition of the continental crust most closely approximates that of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  granite 
B)  basalt 
C)  peridotite 
D)  iron 
A)  granite 
B)  basalt 
C)  peridotite 
D)  iron

Question 5

The asthenosphere is located ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  within the crust 
B)  in the upper mantle 
C)  between the mantle and outer core 
D)  within the outer core 
A)  within the crust 
B)  in the upper mantle 
C)  between the mantle and outer core 
D)  within the outer core

Question 6

The ________ earthquake was accompanied by extensive fire damage.

Accepted Answer

A)  Anchorage, 1964 
B)  San Francisco, 1906 
C)  Mexico City, 1985 
D)  Yerevan, Armenia, 1988 
A)  Anchorage, 1964 
B)  San Francisco, 1906 
C)  Mexico City, 1985 
D)  Yerevan, Armenia, 1988

Question 7

Major earthquakes are often followed by somewhat smaller events known as ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  aftershocks 
B)  foreshocks 
C)  tremors 
D)  hyposhocks 
A)  aftershocks 
B)  foreshocks 
C)  tremors 
D)  hyposhocks

Question 8

Word Analysis. Examine the words and/or phrases for each question below and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the option which does not fit the pattern.

Accepted Answer

A)  Modified Mercalli 
B)  energy 
C)  Richter 
D)  amplitude 
A)  Modified Mercalli 
B)  energy 
C)  Richter 
D)  amplitude

Question 9

The Earth's magnetic field originates by ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  weak electrical currents associated with hot, rising, mantle plumes 
B)  magnetic mineral grains in the inner core 
C)  weak electrical currents associated with fluid motions in the outer core 
D)  magnetization of oxygen and nitrogen atoms in the atmospheric ozone layer by solar radiation 
A)  weak electrical currents associated with hot, rising, mantle plumes 
B)  magnetic mineral grains in the inner core 
C)  weak electrical currents associated with fluid motions in the outer core 
D)  magnetization of oxygen and nitrogen atoms in the atmospheric ozone layer by solar radiation

Question 10

Which one of the following statements about the crust is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is the thinnest of the major subdivisions. 
B)  It is thickest where prominent mountains exist. 
C)  Oceanic crust is enriched in potassium, sodium, and silicon. 
D)  Continental rocks are compositionally different than oceanic rocks. 
A)  It is the thinnest of the major subdivisions. 
B)  It is thickest where prominent mountains exist. 
C)  Oceanic crust is enriched in potassium, sodium, and silicon. 
D)  Continental rocks are compositionally different than oceanic rocks.

Question 11

The average composition of the oceanic crust is thought to approximate that of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  granite 
B)  basalt 
C)  peridotite 
D)  iron 
A)  granite 
B)  basalt 
C)  peridotite 
D)  iron

Question 12

The mantle is composed mainly of metallic iron with small amounts of magnesium silicate minerals.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

The Richter earthquake magnitude scale is based on the total amount of energy released by the earthquake.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Which one of the following best characterizes tsunamis?

Accepted Answer

A)  They cause the land to ripple and oscillate. 
B)  They are faster than seismic surface waves. 
C)  They have relatively small amplitudes compared to their very long wavelengths. 
D)  They are easily seen at sea but are lost in the swell and breaking waves along a coast. 
A)  They cause the land to ripple and oscillate. 
B)  They are faster than seismic surface waves. 
C)  They have relatively small amplitudes compared to their very long wavelengths. 
D)  They are easily seen at sea but are lost in the swell and breaking waves along a coast.

Question 15

On a typical seismogram, ________ will show the highest amplitudes.

Accepted Answer

A)  P waves 
B)  S waves 
C)  surface waves 
D)  body waves 
A)  P waves 
B)  S waves 
C)  surface waves 
D)  body waves

Question 16

Using the time-travel graph below, how long does it take a P wave to travel 2000 km?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Using the time-travel graph below, how long...

Question 17

The instrument that records earthquake events is termed a ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  polygraph 
B)  thermograph 
C)  seismograph 
D)  barograph 
A)  polygraph 
B)  thermograph 
C)  seismograph 
D)  barograph

Question 18

S waves can travel through solid and liquid media.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The elastic rebound theory for the origin of earthquakes was first proposed by ________ following the ________ earthquake.

Accepted Answer

A)  Reid; 1906, San Francisco 
B)  Giuseppe; 1925, Pizza Lake 
C)  Richter; 1989, Loma Prieta 
D)  Mohorovicic; 1964, Anchorage 
A)  Reid; 1906, San Francisco 
B)  Giuseppe; 1925, Pizza Lake 
C)  Richter; 1989, Loma Prieta 
D)  Mohorovicic; 1964, Anchorage

Question 20

The distance between a seismological recording station and the earthquake source is determined from the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  earthquake magnitude 
B)  intensity of the earthquake 
C)  length of the seismic record 
D)  arrival times of P and S waves 
A)  earthquake magnitude 
B)  intensity of the earthquake 
C)  length of the seismic record 
D)  arrival times of P and S waves

Exam 8: Earthquakes and Earths Interior

The ________ is the site of initial rupturing associated with an earthquake.

Earthquakes result from the sudden release of elastic strain energy previously stored in rocks surrounding a zone of fault movement.

The record of an earthquake obtained from a seismic instrument is a(n) ________.

The average composition of the continental crust most closely approximates that of ________.

The asthenosphere is located ________.

The ________ earthquake was accompanied by extensive fire damage.

Major earthquakes are often followed by somewhat smaller events known as ________.

Word Analysis. Examine the words and/or phrases for each question below and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the option which does not fit the pattern.

The Earth's magnetic field originates by ________.

Which one of the following statements about the crust is NOT true?

The average composition of the oceanic crust is thought to approximate that of ________.

The mantle is composed mainly of metallic iron with small amounts of magnesium silicate minerals.

The Richter earthquake magnitude scale is based on the total amount of energy released by the earthquake.

Which one of the following best characterizes tsunamis?

On a typical seismogram, ________ will show the highest amplitudes.

Using the time-travel graph below, how long does it take a P wave to travel 2000 km?

The instrument that records earthquake events is termed a ________.

S waves can travel through solid and liquid media.

The elastic rebound theory for the origin of earthquakes was first proposed by ________ following the ________ earthquake.

The distance between a seismological recording station and the earthquake source is determined from the ________.

Introduction to Earth Science

Minerals: Building Blocks of Rocks

Rocks: Materials of the Solid Earth

Weathering, Soil, and Mass Wasting

Running Water and Groundwater

Glaciers, Deserts, and Winds

Plate Tectonics: a Scientific Theory Unfolds

Volcanoes and Other Igneous Activity

Geologic Time

Earths Evolution Through Geologic Time

The Ocean Floor

Ocean Water and Ocean Life

The Dynamic Ocean

The Atmosphere: Composition, Structure, and Temperature

Moisture, Clouds, and Precipitation

Air Pressure and Wind

Weather Patterns and Severe Weather

Climate

Origin of Modern Astronomy

Touring Our Solar System

Light, Astronomical Observations, and the Sun

Beyond Our Solar System

Filters

The elastic rebound theory for the origin of earthquakes was first proposed by following the earthquake.