Exam 21: Origin of Modern Astronomy

Word Analysis. Examine the words and/or phrases for each question below and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the option which does not fit the pattern.

Who wrote the book entitled Of the Revolutions of Celestial Spheres (De Revolutionibus)?

Tycho Brahe discovered the three laws of planetary motion.

The length of daylight on the Moon is about ________.

The period of time required for the Moon to complete a revolution is called the ________ month.

Patterns or configurations of stars named in honor of mythological characters are called perturbations.

The planets maintain circular orbits around the Sun.

Which astronomer developed the three laws of planetary motion?

Briefly discuss the various motions of Earth. What motion is often mistakenly credited for causing seasons here on Earth? How are these motions related (if at all) to the modern calendar that we use today?

An eclipse of the Moon can be seen by anyone on the side of Earth facing the Moon.

The proposal that contends that Earth is in the center of the universe is called the ________ view.

This scientist wrote a book that compared the Earth-centered system with the Sun-centered system entitled Dialogue of the Great World Systems.

The law of universal gravitation was formulated by ________.

The ________ is at the point in the sky where the Sun crosses the celestial equator at the onset of spring.

The belt of constellations through which all the planets move is called the ________.

The diagram below illustrates the relationship of the Moon and the Earth during a lunar eclipse. Based on the illustration, would you expect lunar eclipses to occur more or less frequently than solar eclipses? Also, which type of eclipse would be seen by a larger portion of the Earth (and therefore potentially more people)?

Galileo believed in a Sun-centered view of the universe.

The cycle of phases of the Moon is the basis for our month.

The true shape of the planetary orbits was discovered by ________.

This astronomer is credited with "opening the door" to the era of modern astronomy.