Question 1

Diabetes insipidus, diabetes mellitus (DM), and SIADH share which of the following assessment manifestations?

Accepted Answer

A)  Polyuria 
B)  Edema 
C)  Vomiting 
D)  Thirst 
A)  Polyuria 
B)  Edema 
C)  Vomiting 
D)  Thirst

Question 2

A 45-year-old diagnosed with Graves disease underwent surgical removal of the thyroid gland.During the postoperative period, the patient's serum calcium is low.The most probable reason for her low serum calcium is:

Accepted Answer

A)  hyperparathyroidism secondary to Graves disease. 
B)  myxedema secondary to surgery. 
C)  hypoparathyroidism caused by surgical injury to the parathyroid glands. 
D)  hypothyroidism resulting from lack of thyroid replacement. 
A)  hyperparathyroidism secondary to Graves disease. 
B)  myxedema secondary to surgery. 
C)  hypoparathyroidism caused by surgical injury to the parathyroid glands. 
D)  hypothyroidism resulting from lack of thyroid replacement.

Question 3

A patient diagnosed with Graves disease is admitted to a medical-surgical unit.Which of the following symptoms would the nurse expect to find before treatment?

Accepted Answer

A)  Weight gain, cold intolerance 
B)  Slow heart rate, rash 
C)  Skin hot and moist, rapid heart rate 
D)  Constipation, confusion 
A)  Weight gain, cold intolerance 
B)  Slow heart rate, rash 
C)  Skin hot and moist, rapid heart rate 
D)  Constipation, confusion

Question 4

Palpation of the neck of a patient diagnosed with Graves disease would most likely reveal:

Accepted Answer

A)  a normal-sized thyroid. 
B)  a small discrete thyroid nodule. 
C)  multiple discrete thyroid nodules. 
D)  diffuse thyroid enlargement. 
A)  a normal-sized thyroid. 
B)  a small discrete thyroid nodule. 
C)  multiple discrete thyroid nodules. 
D)  diffuse thyroid enlargement.

Question 5

What is the cause of type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM)?

Accepted Answer

A)  A familial, autosomal dominant gene defect 
B)  Obesity and lack of exercise 
C)  Immune destruction of the pancreas 
D)  Hyperglycemia from eating too many sweets 
A)  A familial, autosomal dominant gene defect 
B)  Obesity and lack of exercise 
C)  Immune destruction of the pancreas 
D)  Hyperglycemia from eating too many sweets

Question 6

A 25-year-old male presents to his primary care provider reporting changes in facial features.CT scan reveals a mass on the anterior pituitary, and lab tests reveal severely elevated growth hormone (GH).Which of the following would the nurse also expect to find?

Accepted Answer

A)  Decreased IGF-1 
B)  Hypotension 
C)  Muscular atrophy 
D)  Height increases 
A)  Decreased IGF-1 
B)  Hypotension 
C)  Muscular atrophy 
D)  Height increases

Question 7

What is the cause of the hyperpigmentation seen in people with Cushing syndrome?

Accepted Answer

A)  Abnormal levels of cortisol 
B)  Permissive effects of aldosterone when cortisol levels are altered 
C)  Elevated levels of ACTH 
D)  Hypersensitivity of melanocytes with sun exposure 
A)  Abnormal levels of cortisol 
B)  Permissive effects of aldosterone when cortisol levels are altered 
C)  Elevated levels of ACTH 
D)  Hypersensitivity of melanocytes with sun exposure

Question 8

Besides hyposecretion and hypersecretion, endocrine system dysfunction can result from:

Accepted Answer

A)  abnormal receptor activity. 
B)  abnormal hormone levels. 
C)  increased synthesis of second messengers. 
D)  extracellular electrolyte alterations. 
A)  abnormal receptor activity. 
B)  abnormal hormone levels. 
C)  increased synthesis of second messengers. 
D)  extracellular electrolyte alterations.

Question 9

What causes the chronic microvascular and macrovascular complications of DM?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pancreatic changes 
B)  Hyperglycemia 
C)  Ketone toxicity 
D)  Hyperinsulinemia 
A)  Pancreatic changes 
B)  Hyperglycemia 
C)  Ketone toxicity 
D)  Hyperinsulinemia

Question 10

Which of the following alterations would the nurse expect to find in a patient with untreated Cushing disease or syndrome?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bradycardia 
B)  Tachypnea 
C)  Hyperkalemia 
D)  Hypertension 
A)  Bradycardia 
B)  Tachypnea 
C)  Hyperkalemia 
D)  Hypertension

Question 11

A patient presents with polyuria and extreme thirst and is given exogenous ADH.For which of the following conditions would this treatment be effective?

Accepted Answer

A)  Neurogenic diabetes insipidus 
B)  Psychogenic diabetes insipidus 
C)  Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus 
D)  SIADH 
A)  Neurogenic diabetes insipidus 
B)  Psychogenic diabetes insipidus 
C)  Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus 
D)  SIADH

Question 12

The body's inability to conserve water and sodium when affected by Addison disease is explained by which of the following conditions?

Accepted Answer

A)  Elevated levels of cortisol 
B)  Decreased levels of ACTH 
C)  Hypersecretion of ADH 
D)  Aldosterone deficiency 
A)  Elevated levels of cortisol 
B)  Decreased levels of ACTH 
C)  Hypersecretion of ADH 
D)  Aldosterone deficiency

Question 13

A 35-year-old female took corticosteroid therapy for several months.Which of the following would the nurse expect to find?

Accepted Answer

A)  Renal toxicity 
B)  Episodes of hypoglycemia 
C)  Hypotension 
D)  Type 2 DM 
A)  Renal toxicity 
B)  Episodes of hypoglycemia 
C)  Hypotension 
D)  Type 2 DM

Question 14

What is the most common cause of elevated levels of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)secretion?

Accepted Answer

A)  Autoimmune disease 
B)  Cancer 
C)  Pregnancy 
D)  Heart failure 
A)  Autoimmune disease 
B)  Cancer 
C)  Pregnancy 
D)  Heart failure

Question 15

A nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with SIADH.What severe complication should the nurse assess for?

Accepted Answer

A)  Stroke 
B)  Diabetes insipidus 
C)  Neurologic damage 
D)  Renal failure 
A)  Stroke 
B)  Diabetes insipidus 
C)  Neurologic damage 
D)  Renal failure

Question 16

While planning care for a patient from general anesthesia, which principle should the nurse remember? A side effect of some general anesthetic agents is _____ diabetes insipidus.

Accepted Answer

A)  neurogenic 
B)  nephrogenic 
C)  psychogenic 
D)  allogenic 
A)  neurogenic 
B)  nephrogenic 
C)  psychogenic 
D)  allogenic

Question 17

A 44-year-old patient with pulmonary tuberculosis is evaluated for SIADH.Which assessment finding would support this diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Peripheral edema 
B)  Tachycardia 
C)  Low blood pressure 
D)  Concentrated urine 
A)  Peripheral edema 
B)  Tachycardia 
C)  Low blood pressure 
D)  Concentrated urine

Question 18

A 30-year-old presents with hypertension, headache, tachycardia, impaired glucose tolerance, and weight loss.Which of the following diagnoses is supported by this symptomology?

Accepted Answer

A)  Addison disease 
B)  Conn disease 
C)  Cushing disease 
D)  Pheochromocytoma 
A)  Addison disease 
B)  Conn disease 
C)  Cushing disease 
D)  Pheochromocytoma

Question 19

While checking the lab results for a patient diagnosed with Graves disease, the nurse would expect the T3 level to be abnormally:

Accepted Answer

A)  low. 
B)  high. 
C)  variable. 
D)  absent. 
A)  low. 
B)  high. 
C)  variable. 
D)  absent.

Question 20

What is the purpose of the glycosylated hemoglobin (hemoglobin A1c )test?

Accepted Answer

A)  Measuring fasting glucose levels. 
B)  Monitoring long-term serum glucose control. 
C)  Detecting acute complications of diabetes. 
D)  Checking for hyperlipidemia. 
A)  Measuring fasting glucose levels. 
B)  Monitoring long-term serum glucose control. 
C)  Detecting acute complications of diabetes. 
D)  Checking for hyperlipidemia.

Exam 19: Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Diabetes insipidus, diabetes mellitus (DM), and SIADH share which of the following assessment manifestations?

A 45-year-old diagnosed with Graves disease underwent surgical removal of the thyroid gland.During the postoperative period, the patient's serum calcium is low.The most probable reason for her low serum calcium is:

A patient diagnosed with Graves disease is admitted to a medical-surgical unit.Which of the following symptoms would the nurse expect to find before treatment?

Palpation of the neck of a patient diagnosed with Graves disease would most likely reveal:

What is the cause of type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM)?

A 25-year-old male presents to his primary care provider reporting changes in facial features.CT scan reveals a mass on the anterior pituitary, and lab tests reveal severely elevated growth hormone (GH).Which of the following would the nurse also expect to find?

What is the cause of the hyperpigmentation seen in people with Cushing syndrome?

Besides hyposecretion and hypersecretion, endocrine system dysfunction can result from:

What causes the chronic microvascular and macrovascular complications of DM?

Which of the following alterations would the nurse expect to find in a patient with untreated Cushing disease or syndrome?

A patient presents with polyuria and extreme thirst and is given exogenous ADH.For which of the following conditions would this treatment be effective?

The body's inability to conserve water and sodium when affected by Addison disease is explained by which of the following conditions?

A 35-year-old female took corticosteroid therapy for several months.Which of the following would the nurse expect to find?

What is the most common cause of elevated levels of antidiuretic hormone (ADH)secretion?

A nurse is caring for a patient diagnosed with SIADH.What severe complication should the nurse assess for?

While planning care for a patient from general anesthesia, which principle should the nurse remember? A side effect of some general anesthetic agents is _____ diabetes insipidus.

A 44-year-old patient with pulmonary tuberculosis is evaluated for SIADH.Which assessment finding would support this diagnosis?

A 30-year-old presents with hypertension, headache, tachycardia, impaired glucose tolerance, and weight loss.Which of the following diagnoses is supported by this symptomology?

While checking the lab results for a patient diagnosed with Graves disease, the nurse would expect the T3 level to be abnormally:

What is the purpose of the glycosylated hemoglobin (hemoglobin A1c )test?

Cellular Biology

Genes and Genetic Diseases

Epigenetics and Disease

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology

Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases

Innate Immunity: Inflammation and Wound Healing

Adaptive Immunity

Infection and Defects in Mechanisms of Defense

Stress and Disease

Biology, Clinical Manifestations, and Treatment of Cancer

Cancer Epidemiology

Cancer in Children

Structure and Function of the Neurologic System

Pain, Temperature, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics, and Motor Function

Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular Junction

Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Alterations of Hematologic Function

Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems

Alterations of the Female Reproductive System

Alterations of the Male Reproductive System

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Alterations of Digestive Function

Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

Filters

While checking the lab results for a patient diagnosed with Graves disease, the nurse would expect the T₃ level to be abnormally:

What is the purpose of the glycosylated hemoglobin (hemoglobin A_1c )test?