Question 1

A patient asks when adjuvant chemotherapy is used.How should the nurse respond? Adjuvant chemotherapy treatment is used:

Accepted Answer

A)  as the primary treatment. 
B)  before radiation therapy. 
C)  after surgical removal of a tumor. 
D)  in cancer with little risk of metastasis. 
A)  as the primary treatment. 
B)  before radiation therapy. 
C)  after surgical removal of a tumor. 
D)  in cancer with little risk of metastasis. C

Question 2

What is the effect of telomere caps on cancer cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  Repeated divisions 
B)  Clonal distinction 
C)  Limited mitosis 
D)  Mutation abilities 
A)  Repeated divisions 
B)  Clonal distinction 
C)  Limited mitosis 
D)  Mutation abilities A

Question 3

A 25-year-old male develops a tumor of the breast glandular tissue.What type of tumor will be documented on the chart?

Accepted Answer

A)  Carcinoma 
B)  Adenocarcinoma 
C)  Sarcoma 
D)  Lymphoma 
A)  Carcinoma 
B)  Adenocarcinoma 
C)  Sarcoma 
D)  Lymphoma B

Question 4

A nurse is giving an example of inflammation as an etiology for cancer development.What is the best example the nurse should give?

Accepted Answer

A)  Pneumonia and lung cancer 
B)  Ulcerative colitis and colon cancer 
C)  Prostatic hypertrophy and prostate cancer 
D)  Hypercholesterolemia and leukemia 
A)  Pneumonia and lung cancer 
B)  Ulcerative colitis and colon cancer 
C)  Prostatic hypertrophy and prostate cancer 
D)  Hypercholesterolemia and leukemia

Question 5

A 52-year-old male with hepatitis C recently developed hepatic cancer.Which of the following markers should be increased?

Accepted Answer

A)  Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) 
B)  Catecholamines 
C)  Prostate-specific antigen 
D)  Homovanillic acid 
A)  Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) 
B)  Catecholamines 
C)  Prostate-specific antigen 
D)  Homovanillic acid

Question 6

A 30-year-old male with HIV is diagnosed with Epstein-Barr virus.After 2 months, the virus is still active.Based upon the Epstein-Barr virus, which of the following cancers is most likely to develop in this patient?

Accepted Answer

A)  B-cell lymphoma 
B)  Kaposi sarcoma 
C)  T-cell leukemia 
D)  T-cell lipoma 
A)  B-cell lymphoma 
B)  Kaposi sarcoma 
C)  T-cell leukemia 
D)  T-cell lipoma

Question 7

A 45-year-old female was recently diagnosed with cervical cancer.Which of the following is the most likely cause of her cancer?

Accepted Answer

A)  Herpes virus 
B)  Rubella virus 
C)  Human papillomavirus (HPV) 
D)  Hepatitis B virus 
A)  Herpes virus 
B)  Rubella virus 
C)  Human papillomavirus (HPV) 
D)  Hepatitis B virus

Question 8

Which genetic change causes alterations in only one or a few nucleotide bases?

Accepted Answer

A)  Insertions 
B)  Deletions 
C)  Point mutations 
D)  Amplification mutations 
A)  Insertions 
B)  Deletions 
C)  Point mutations 
D)  Amplification mutations

Question 9

A patient has a tissue growth that was diagnosed as cancer.Which of the following terms best describes this growth?

Accepted Answer

A)  Malignant tumor 
B)  Lipoma 
C)  Meningioma 
D)  Hypertrophy 
A)  Malignant tumor 
B)  Lipoma 
C)  Meningioma 
D)  Hypertrophy

Question 10

Which information indicates a nurse understands characteristics of malignant tumors?

Accepted Answer

A)  Grows slowly 
B)  Has a well-defined capsule 
C)  Cells vary in size and shape 
D)  Is well differentiated 
A)  Grows slowly 
B)  Has a well-defined capsule 
C)  Cells vary in size and shape 
D)  Is well differentiated

Question 11

Which of the following indicates a nurse understands a proto-oncogene? A proto-oncogene is best defined as a(n)_____ gene.

Accepted Answer

A)  normal 
B)  altered 
C)  inactive 
D)  tumor-suppressor 
A)  normal 
B)  altered 
C)  inactive 
D)  tumor-suppressor

Question 12

A nurse is discussing preinvasive epithelial tumors of glandular or squamous cell origin.What is the nurse describing?

Accepted Answer

A)  Tumor in differentiation 
B)  Dysplastic 
C)  Cancer in situ 
D)  Cancer beyond (meta) situ 
A)  Tumor in differentiation 
B)  Dysplastic 
C)  Cancer in situ 
D)  Cancer beyond (meta) situ

Question 13

An oncologist is discussing when a cancer cell loses differentiation.Which of the following is the oncologist describing?

Accepted Answer

A)  Autonomy 
B)  Anaplasia 
C)  Pleomorphic 
D)  Metastasis 
A)  Autonomy 
B)  Anaplasia 
C)  Pleomorphic 
D)  Metastasis

Question 14

A 45-year-old male presents with persistent, severe stomach pain.Testing reveals a peptic ulcer.Further laboratory tests reveal the presence of Helicobacter pylori.Which of the following is of concern for this patient?

Accepted Answer

A)  Gastric cancer 
B)  Leukemia 
C)  Lung cancer 
D)  Adenocarcinoma of the colon 
A)  Gastric cancer 
B)  Leukemia 
C)  Lung cancer 
D)  Adenocarcinoma of the colon

Question 15

A primary care provider is attempting to diagnose cancer and is looking for a tumor marker.Which of the following could be a possible marker?

Accepted Answer

A)  Red blood cells 
B)  Apoptotic cells 
C)  Enzymes 
D)  Neurotransmitters 
A)  Red blood cells 
B)  Apoptotic cells 
C)  Enzymes 
D)  Neurotransmitters

Question 16

Brachytherapy is being used to treat cancer in a patient.What types of cancers respond well to brachytherapy? (select all that apply)

Accepted Answer

A)  Prostate 
B)  Cervix 
C)  Head 
D)  Neck 
E)  Lung 
A)  Prostate 
B)  Cervix 
C)  Head 
D)  Neck 
E)  Lung

Question 17

Which information should the nurse include when teaching about angiogenic factors? In cancer, angiogenic factors stimulate:

Accepted Answer

A)  release of growth factors. 
B)  tumor regression. 
C)  apoptosis. 
D)  new blood vessel growth. 
A)  release of growth factors. 
B)  tumor regression. 
C)  apoptosis. 
D)  new blood vessel growth.

Question 18

Which statement indicates the patient has a correct understanding of metastasis? The most common route of metastasis is through the blood vessels and:

Accepted Answer

A)  lung tissue. 
B)  body cavities. 
C)  lymphatics. 
D)  connective tissues. 
A)  lung tissue. 
B)  body cavities. 
C)  lymphatics. 
D)  connective tissues.

Question 19

A 30-year-old female is diagnosed with cancer.Testing reveals that the cancer cells have spread to local lymph nodes.A nurse realizes this cancer would be documented as stage:

Accepted Answer

A)  1. 
B)  2. 
C)  3. 
D)  4. 
A)  1. 
B)  2. 
C)  3. 
D)  4.

Exam 10: Biology, Clinical Manifestations, and Treatment of Cancer

A patient asks when adjuvant chemotherapy is used.How should the nurse respond? Adjuvant chemotherapy treatment is used:

What is the effect of telomere caps on cancer cells?

A 25-year-old male develops a tumor of the breast glandular tissue.What type of tumor will be documented on the chart?

A nurse is giving an example of inflammation as an etiology for cancer development.What is the best example the nurse should give?

A 52-year-old male with hepatitis C recently developed hepatic cancer.Which of the following markers should be increased?

A 30-year-old male with HIV is diagnosed with Epstein-Barr virus.After 2 months, the virus is still active.Based upon the Epstein-Barr virus, which of the following cancers is most likely to develop in this patient?

A 45-year-old female was recently diagnosed with cervical cancer.Which of the following is the most likely cause of her cancer?

Which genetic change causes alterations in only one or a few nucleotide bases?

A patient has a tissue growth that was diagnosed as cancer.Which of the following terms best describes this growth?

Which information indicates a nurse understands characteristics of malignant tumors?

Which of the following indicates a nurse understands a proto-oncogene? A proto-oncogene is best defined as a(n)_____ gene.

A nurse is discussing preinvasive epithelial tumors of glandular or squamous cell origin.What is the nurse describing?

An oncologist is discussing when a cancer cell loses differentiation.Which of the following is the oncologist describing?

A 45-year-old male presents with persistent, severe stomach pain.Testing reveals a peptic ulcer.Further laboratory tests reveal the presence of Helicobacter pylori.Which of the following is of concern for this patient?

A primary care provider is attempting to diagnose cancer and is looking for a tumor marker.Which of the following could be a possible marker?

Brachytherapy is being used to treat cancer in a patient.What types of cancers respond well to brachytherapy? (select all that apply)

Which information should the nurse include when teaching about angiogenic factors? In cancer, angiogenic factors stimulate:

Which statement indicates the patient has a correct understanding of metastasis? The most common route of metastasis is through the blood vessels and:

A 30-year-old female is diagnosed with cancer.Testing reveals that the cancer cells have spread to local lymph nodes.A nurse realizes this cancer would be documented as stage:

Cellular Biology

Genes and Genetic Diseases

Epigenetics and Disease

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology

Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases

Innate Immunity: Inflammation and Wound Healing

Adaptive Immunity

Infection and Defects in Mechanisms of Defense

Stress and Disease

Cancer Epidemiology

Cancer in Children

Structure and Function of the Neurologic System

Pain, Temperature, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics, and Motor Function

Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular Junction

Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Alterations of Hematologic Function

Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems

Alterations of the Female Reproductive System

Alterations of the Male Reproductive System

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Alterations of Digestive Function

Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

Filters