Question 1

A patient wants to know the risk factors for Down syndrome.What is the nurse's best response?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fetal exposure to mutagens in the uterus. 
B)  Increased paternal age. 
C)  Family history of Down syndrome. 
D)  Pregnancy in women over age 35. 
A)  Fetal exposure to mutagens in the uterus. 
B)  Increased paternal age. 
C)  Family history of Down syndrome. 
D)  Pregnancy in women over age 35.

Question 2

To express a polygenic trait:

Accepted Answer

A)  genes must interact with the environment. 
B)  several genes must act together. 
C)  multiple mutations must occur in the same family. 
D)  penetrance must occur. 
A)  genes must interact with the environment. 
B)  several genes must act together. 
C)  multiple mutations must occur in the same family. 
D)  penetrance must occur.

Question 3

Cystic fibrosis is caused by what gene abnormality?

Accepted Answer

A)  X-linked dominant 
B)  X-linked recessive 
C)  Autosomal dominant 
D)  Autosomal recessive 
A)  X-linked dominant 
B)  X-linked recessive 
C)  Autosomal dominant 
D)  Autosomal recessive

Question 4

The gradual increase in height among the human population over the past 100 years is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)  a polygenic trait. 
B)  a multifactorial trait. 
C)  crossing over. 
D)  recombination. 
A)  a polygenic trait. 
B)  a multifactorial trait. 
C)  crossing over. 
D)  recombination.

Question 5

After a geneticist talks to a patient about being a chromosomal mosaic, the patient asks the nurse what that means.How should the nurse respond? You may _____ genetic disease(s).

Accepted Answer

A)  only be a carrier of the 
B)  have a mild form of the 
C)  have two 
D)  be sterile as a result of the 
A)  only be a carrier of the 
B)  have a mild form of the 
C)  have two 
D)  be sterile as a result of the

Question 6

Which of the following disorders is manifested primarily in males?

Accepted Answer

A)  Cystic fibrosis 
B)  Neurofibromatosis 
C)  Muscular dystrophy 
D)  Klinefelter syndrome. 
A)  Cystic fibrosis 
B)  Neurofibromatosis 
C)  Muscular dystrophy 
D)  Klinefelter syndrome.

Question 7

What is the most common cause of Down syndrome?

Accepted Answer

A)  Paternal nondisjunction 
B)  Maternal translocations 
C)  Maternal nondisjunction 
D)  Paternal translocations 
A)  Paternal nondisjunction 
B)  Maternal translocations 
C)  Maternal nondisjunction 
D)  Paternal translocations

Question 8

What is the diagnosis of a 13-year-old female who has a karyotype that reveals an absent homologous X chromosome with only a single X chromosome present? Her features include a short stature, widely spaced nipples, and a reduced carrying angle at the elbow.

Accepted Answer

A)  Down syndrome 
B)  Cri du chat syndrome 
C)  Turner syndrome 
D)  Klinefelter syndrome 
A)  Down syndrome 
B)  Cri du chat syndrome 
C)  Turner syndrome 
D)  Klinefelter syndrome

Question 9

What type of mutation does not change the amino acid sequence and thus has no observable consequence?

Accepted Answer

A)  Frameshift 
B)  Spontaneous 
C)  Silent 
D)  Missense 
A)  Frameshift 
B)  Spontaneous 
C)  Silent 
D)  Missense

Question 10

When discussing DNA replication, which enzyme is most important?

Accepted Answer

A)  RNA polymerase 
B)  Transfer RNA 
C)  Messenger RNA 
D)  DNA polymerase 
A)  RNA polymerase 
B)  Transfer RNA 
C)  Messenger RNA 
D)  DNA polymerase

Question 11

A biologist is explaining how RNA directs the synthesis of protein.Which process is the biologist describing?

Accepted Answer

A)  Termination 
B)  Transcription 
C)  Translocation 
D)  Translation 
A)  Termination 
B)  Transcription 
C)  Translocation 
D)  Translation

Exam 2: Genes and Genetic Diseases

A patient wants to know the risk factors for Down syndrome.What is the nurse's best response?

To express a polygenic trait:

Cystic fibrosis is caused by what gene abnormality?

The gradual increase in height among the human population over the past 100 years is an example of:

After a geneticist talks to a patient about being a chromosomal mosaic, the patient asks the nurse what that means.How should the nurse respond? You may _____ genetic disease(s).

Which of the following disorders is manifested primarily in males?

What is the most common cause of Down syndrome?

What is the diagnosis of a 13-year-old female who has a karyotype that reveals an absent homologous X chromosome with only a single X chromosome present? Her features include a short stature, widely spaced nipples, and a reduced carrying angle at the elbow.

What type of mutation does not change the amino acid sequence and thus has no observable consequence?

When discussing DNA replication, which enzyme is most important?

A biologist is explaining how RNA directs the synthesis of protein.Which process is the biologist describing?

Cellular Biology

Epigenetics and Disease

Altered Cellular and Tissue Biology

Fluids and Electrolytes, Acids and Bases

Innate Immunity: Inflammation and Wound Healing

Adaptive Immunity

Infection and Defects in Mechanisms of Defense

Stress and Disease

Biology, Clinical Manifestations, and Treatment of Cancer

Cancer Epidemiology

Cancer in Children

Structure and Function of the Neurologic System

Pain, Temperature, Sleep, and Sensory Function

Alterations in Cognitive Systems, Cerebral Hemodynamics, and Motor Function

Disorders of the Central and Peripheral Nervous Systems and the Neuromuscular Junction

Alterations of Neurologic Function in Children

Mechanisms of Hormonal Regulation

Alterations of Hormonal Regulation

Structure and Function of the Hematologic System

Alterations of Hematologic Function

Alterations of Hematologic Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Cardiovascular and Lymphatic Systems

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

Alterations of Cardiovascular Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Pulmonary System

Alterations of Pulmonary Function

Alterations of Pulmonary Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Renal and Urologic Systems

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function

Alterations of Renal and Urinary Tract Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Reproductive Systems

Alterations of the Female Reproductive System

Alterations of the Male Reproductive System

Structure and Function of the Digestive System

Alterations of Digestive Function

Alterations of Digestive Function in Children

Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function

Alterations of Musculoskeletal Function in Children

Structure, Function, and Disorders of the Integument

Alterations of the Integument in Children

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