Exam 23: Alterations of Cardiovascular Function

A 52-year-old male presents with pooling of blood in the veins of the lower extremities and edema.The diagnosis is chronic venous insufficiency,and an expected assessment finding of this disorder is:

The hypotensive state seen in septic shock can lead to:

A patient wants to know what causes atherosclerosis.How should the nurse respond? In general,atherosclerosis is caused by:

A 65-year-old male with a history of untreated hypertension is now experiencing left heart failure.A nurse recalls his untreated hypertension led to:

A 50-year-old male with a 30-year history of smoking was diagnosed with bronchogenic cancer.He developed edema and venous distention in the upper extremities and face.Which of the following diagnosis will the nurse observe on the chart?

A 59-year-old female is diagnosed with left ventricular failure.If a decrease in kidney perfusion occurs,the nurse knows this would ultimately cause:

Which organ should the nurse monitor closely since it is often the first to fail in patients with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS)?

When a person is in shock,a nurse remembers impairment in cellular metabolism is cause by:

An 82-year-old female was admitted to the hospital with confusion and severe hypotension.Her body's compensatory mechanisms are increased heart rate,vasoconstriction,and movement of large volumes of interstitial fluid to the vascular compartment.What kind of shock does the nurse suspect the patient is experiencing?

A 49-year-old male presents to his primary care provider reporting chest pain.EKG reveals ST elevation.He is diagnosed with myocardial ischemia.Which of the following interventions would be most beneficial?

A 42-year-old female is diagnosed with constrictive pericarditis.The nurse assesses the blood pressure for decreased cardiac output because of:

A 27-year-old male is admitted to a neurologic unit with a complete C-5 spinal cord transection.On initial assessment,he is bradycardic,hypotensive,and hyperventilating.He appears to be going into shock.The most likely mechanism of his shock is:

A 28-year-old female presents with severe chest pain and shortness of breath.She is diagnosed with pulmonary embolism,which most likely originated from the:

A 75-year-old female has been critically ill with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS)for longer than a week and has developed a severe oxygen supply and demand imbalance.The statement that best describes this imbalance is which of the following?

Which of the following lab tests will the nurse check to help diagnose heart failure and provide insight into its severity?

A 65-year-old female presents to the emergency department reporting difficulty swallowing and shortness of breath.A CT scan would most likely reveal an aneurysm in the:

When a nurse checks the patient for orthostatic hypotension,what did the nurse have the patient do?

While planning care,the nurse remembers which principle? In valvular _____,the valve opening is constricted and narrowed because the valve leaflets,or cusps,fail to open completely.

A 68-year-old male presents to the ER reporting chest pain.He has a history of stable angina that now appears to be unstable.He most likely has:

A 60-year-old female was diagnosed with mitral stenosis.As a result,the nurse realizes the patient has incomplete emptying of the: