Question 1

Which of the following is true for Type III survivorship?

Accepted Answer

A)  The probability of survival decreases with age. 
B)  The probability of survival increases with age. 
C)  It is characteristic of redwood trees. 
D)  It is characteristic of humans. 
E)  It is characteristic of adult gulls. 
A)  The probability of survival decreases with age. 
B)  The probability of survival increases with age. 
C)  It is characteristic of redwood trees. 
D)  It is characteristic of humans. 
E)  It is characteristic of adult gulls.

Question 2

Which of the following organisms would be predicted to have the lowest intrinsic rate of increase?

Accepted Answer

A)  bacteria 
B)  cats 
C)  cockroaches 
D)  mice 
E)  whales 
A)  bacteria 
B)  cats 
C)  cockroaches 
D)  mice 
E)  whales

Question 3

The theory of evolution by natural selection was proposed in The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection (1859) written by:

Accepted Answer

A)  G. F. Gause 
B)  Rachel Carson 
C)  Ponce de Leon 
D)  Charles Darwin 
E)  Aristotle 
A)  G. F. Gause 
B)  Rachel Carson 
C)  Ponce de Leon 
D)  Charles Darwin 
E)  Aristotle

Question 4

Predation can be defined as:

Accepted Answer

A)  two or more individuals attempting to use an essential common resource. 
B)  one organism consuming another organism, which may be a plant or animal. 
C)  organisms living together. 
D)  a relationship where one organism benefits and the other is adversely affected. 
E)  a relationship that only exerts selective (evolutionary) force on the prey. 
A)  two or more individuals attempting to use an essential common resource. 
B)  one organism consuming another organism, which may be a plant or animal. 
C)  organisms living together. 
D)  a relationship where one organism benefits and the other is adversely affected. 
E)  a relationship that only exerts selective (evolutionary) force on the prey.

Question 5

Which of the following is not an adaptation to improve the efficiency of prey capture?

Accepted Answer

A)  ambush 
B)  warning coloration 
C)  camouflage 
D)  pursuit speed 
E)  intelligence 
A)  ambush 
B)  warning coloration 
C)  camouflage 
D)  pursuit speed 
E)  intelligence

Question 6

Which of the following characterizes a symbiotic relationship?

Accepted Answer

A)  a close interrelationship where both species benefit 
B)  a close interrelationship where one species benefits and the other is not affected 
C)  a close interrelationship where one species benefits and the other is adversely affected 
D)  a coevolved relationship between members of two or more species 
E)  All of these choices are correct 
A)  a close interrelationship where both species benefit 
B)  a close interrelationship where one species benefits and the other is not affected 
C)  a close interrelationship where one species benefits and the other is adversely affected 
D)  a coevolved relationship between members of two or more species 
E)  All of these choices are correct

Question 7

Which of the following characteristics would easily identify a prokaryotic organism?

Accepted Answer

A)  lack a nuclear envelope and other internal cell membranes. 
B)  able to photosynthesize 
C)  multicellular 
D)  ingest food and then digest it within their bodies 
E)  only found in oxygen-deficient environments 
A)  lack a nuclear envelope and other internal cell membranes. 
B)  able to photosynthesize 
C)  multicellular 
D)  ingest food and then digest it within their bodies 
E)  only found in oxygen-deficient environments

Question 8

Which of the following is a keystone species in U.S. temperate forests?

Accepted Answer

A)  deer 
B)  white pine 
C)  gray wolves 
D)  lichen 
E)  rabbit 
A)  deer 
B)  white pine 
C)  gray wolves 
D)  lichen 
E)  rabbit

Question 9

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Predation only favors the predator, leading to evolution of more efficient ways to catch prey. 
B)  Predation only favors the prey, leading to evolution of more efficient ways to escape predators. 
C)  Predation exerts a selective force on the prey, favoring characteristics that reduce the probability of capture. 
D)  Predation exerts a selective force on the predator, favoring characteristics that reduce the probability of prey capture. 
E)  Predation has no evolutionary consequences for either the predator or the prey. 
A)  Predation only favors the predator, leading to evolution of more efficient ways to catch prey. 
B)  Predation only favors the prey, leading to evolution of more efficient ways to escape predators. 
C)  Predation exerts a selective force on the prey, favoring characteristics that reduce the probability of capture. 
D)  Predation exerts a selective force on the predator, favoring characteristics that reduce the probability of prey capture. 
E)  Predation has no evolutionary consequences for either the predator or the prey.

Question 10

All of the following traits are characteristic of the adaptations of prey except:

Accepted Answer

A)  having a large brain size in comparison to body mass. 
B)  having the appearance of twigs or leaves. 
C)  warning coloration. 
D)  assembling in herds, schools, or other types of animal groups. 
E)  producing toxins. 
A)  having a large brain size in comparison to body mass. 
B)  having the appearance of twigs or leaves. 
C)  warning coloration. 
D)  assembling in herds, schools, or other types of animal groups. 
E)  producing toxins.

Question 11

Population density is:

Accepted Answer

A)  the total number of individuals. 
B)  the total number of individuals of a given species. 
C)  the total number of individuals per unit of area. 
D)  the total number of individuals of a given species per unit of area. 
E)  the total number of individuals of a given species per unit of area at a given time. 
A)  the total number of individuals. 
B)  the total number of individuals of a given species. 
C)  the total number of individuals per unit of area. 
D)  the total number of individuals of a given species per unit of area. 
E)  the total number of individuals of a given species per unit of area at a given time.

Question 12

The interdependent evolution of two interacting species is known as:

Accepted Answer

A)  natural selection. 
B)  ecology. 
C)  coevolution. 
D)  mutualism. 
E)  herbivory. 
A)  natural selection. 
B)  ecology. 
C)  coevolution. 
D)  mutualism. 
E)  herbivory.

Question 13

A dieback or population crash often occurs after a species ________ its environmental carrying capacity.

Accepted Answer

A)  meets 
B)  undershoots 
C)  overshoots 
D)  oscillates around 
E)  reduces 
A)  meets 
B)  undershoots 
C)  overshoots 
D)  oscillates around 
E)  reduces

Question 14

All of the following are characteristics of an r-selected population EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  It has a high intrinsic rate of growth. 
B)  The onset of reproduction is at an early age. 
C)  There is extensive parental care of offspring 
D)  It is likely to occur in variable environments 
E)  There are many offspring per reproductive event. 
A)  It has a high intrinsic rate of growth. 
B)  The onset of reproduction is at an early age. 
C)  There is extensive parental care of offspring 
D)  It is likely to occur in variable environments 
E)  There are many offspring per reproductive event.

Question 15

Factors that limit growth and produce population equilibrium are known as

Accepted Answer

A)  predation conflicts 
B)  diebacks 
C)  biotic potential 
D)  environmental resistance 
E)  fertility factors 
A)  predation conflicts 
B)  diebacks 
C)  biotic potential 
D)  environmental resistance 
E)  fertility factors

Question 16

An anglerfish possesses a luminescent lure close to its mouth to attract prey. This is an example of what type of predator behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)  symbiosis 
B)  competition 
C)  pursuit 
D)  ambush 
E)  warning coloration 
A)  symbiosis 
B)  competition 
C)  pursuit 
D)  ambush 
E)  warning coloration

Question 17

Which of the following is an example of a density-dependent factor affecting population growth?

Accepted Answer

A)  disease 
B)  the salinity of the soil 
C)  the amount of rainfall 
D)  temperature range 
E)  hurricane 
A)  disease 
B)  the salinity of the soil 
C)  the amount of rainfall 
D)  temperature range 
E)  hurricane

Question 18

Which of the follow statements of why the Yellowstone wolf was declared an 'experimental nonessential' species in the area is true?
1) The ESA forbids killing an endangered species
2) There wasn't enough demand to keep the wolves on the endangered species list
3) Farmers and ranchers wanted the right to kill wolves to defend their livestock
4) Defenders of Wildlife didn't believe the wolves were endangered any longer

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
E)  1 and 3 
A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4 
E)  1 and 3

Question 19

Which of the following species is characterized by a boom-or-bust cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)  whales 
B)  Paramecium 
C)  reindeer 
D)  lemmings 
E)  humans 
A)  whales 
B)  Paramecium 
C)  reindeer 
D)  lemmings 
E)  humans

Question 20

Compare and contrast the following terms: intraspecific competition and interspecific competition.

Accepted Answer

Competition occurs when two or more indi

Exam 5: Ecosystems and Living Organisms

Which of the following is true for Type III survivorship?

Which of the following organisms would be predicted to have the lowest intrinsic rate of increase?

The theory of evolution by natural selection was proposed in The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection (1859) written by:

Predation can be defined as:

Which of the following is not an adaptation to improve the efficiency of prey capture?

Which of the following characterizes a symbiotic relationship?

Which of the following characteristics would easily identify a prokaryotic organism?

Which of the following is a keystone species in U.S. temperate forests?

Which of the following statements is true?

All of the following traits are characteristic of the adaptations of prey except:

Population density is:

The interdependent evolution of two interacting species is known as:

A dieback or population crash often occurs after a species ________ its environmental carrying capacity.

All of the following are characteristics of an r-selected population EXCEPT:

Factors that limit growth and produce population equilibrium are known as

An anglerfish possesses a luminescent lure close to its mouth to attract prey. This is an example of what type of predator behavior?

Which of the following is an example of a density-dependent factor affecting population growth?

Which of the following species is characterized by a boom-or-bust cycle?

Compare and contrast the following terms: intraspecific competition and interspecific competition.

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Ecosystems and the Physical Environment

Major Ecosystems of the World

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Water: a Limited Resource

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