Question 1

Trait theories are primarily ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  descriptive 
B)  experimental 
C)  anecdotal 
D)  explanatory 
A)  descriptive 
B)  experimental 
C)  anecdotal 
D)  explanatory

Question 2

According to Jung, our repressed thoughts, undeveloped ideas, and forgotten experiences are contained in the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  archetype 
B)  persona 
C)  personal unconscious 
D)  collective unconscious 
A)  archetype 
B)  persona 
C)  personal unconscious 
D)  collective unconscious

Question 3

For both Bandura and Rotter, a person's expectancies become a critical part of his or her ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  persona 
B)  ideal self 
C)  explanatory style 
D)  self-actualizing tendency 
A)  persona 
B)  ideal self 
C)  explanatory style 
D)  self-actualizing tendency

Question 4

In Freud's view, certain characteristic personality traits are the result of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the primary process 
B)  heredity 
C)  the reality principle 
D)  fixation 
A)  the primary process 
B)  heredity 
C)  the reality principle 
D)  fixation

Question 5

Each of the following is one of the propositions central to all psychodynamic theories except ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  our mental representations of ourselves, of others, and of our relationships tend to guide our interactions with other people 
B)  stable personality patterns do not form until young adulthood 
C)  mental processes such as emotions, motivations, and thoughts operate in parallel and thus may lead to conflicting feelings 
D)  much of mental life is unconscious 
A)  our mental representations of ourselves, of others, and of our relationships tend to guide our interactions with other people 
B)  stable personality patterns do not form until young adulthood 
C)  mental processes such as emotions, motivations, and thoughts operate in parallel and thus may lead to conflicting feelings 
D)  much of mental life is unconscious

Question 6

A personality that consisted of only the ego and the id would be completely ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  selfish 
B)  illogical 
C)  rational 
D)  selfless 
A)  selfish 
B)  illogical 
C)  rational 
D)  selfless

Question 7

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is evidence for a common genetic basis to the Big Five personality traits that cuts across all human cultures and many other species of animals. 
B)  There is no evidence for a common genetic basis to the Big Five personality traits. 
C)  There is evidence for a common genetic basis to the Big Five personality traits across cultures in humans but not in other animal species. 
D)  There is evidence for a common genetic basis to the Big Five personality traits only among certain racial groups of humans. 
A)  There is evidence for a common genetic basis to the Big Five personality traits that cuts across all human cultures and many other species of animals. 
B)  There is no evidence for a common genetic basis to the Big Five personality traits. 
C)  There is evidence for a common genetic basis to the Big Five personality traits across cultures in humans but not in other animal species. 
D)  There is evidence for a common genetic basis to the Big Five personality traits only among certain racial groups of humans.

Question 8

The push toward fulfillment of our inborn capacities and potentialities is what Rogers called the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  primary process 
B)  self-actualizing tendency 
C)  need for achievement 
D)  compensatory process 
A)  primary process 
B)  self-actualizing tendency 
C)  need for achievement 
D)  compensatory process

Question 9

Each of the following is an advantage of projective tests except ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  they have higher reliability and validity than objective tests 
B)  some psychologists believe that projective tests can uncover unconscious thoughts and fantasies 
C)  since the person taking the test often doesn't know its true purpose, responses are unlikely to be faked 
D)  because the tests are flexible, people can take them in a relaxed atmosphere 
A)  they have higher reliability and validity than objective tests 
B)  some psychologists believe that projective tests can uncover unconscious thoughts and fantasies 
C)  since the person taking the test often doesn't know its true purpose, responses are unlikely to be faked 
D)  because the tests are flexible, people can take them in a relaxed atmosphere

Question 10

The id's link to reality is the superego.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Summarize the strengths and criticisms of cognitive social-learning theories of personality.

Accepted Answer

Cognitive-social learning theories of pe

Question 12

Critics of the humanistic approach to personality claim each of the following except it ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  fosters self-centeredness and narcissism 
B)  reflects Western values of individual achievement rather than universal human potential 
C)  focuses too much on universal human potential rather than individual achievement 
D)  fails to take into account the evil in human nature 
A)  fosters self-centeredness and narcissism 
B)  reflects Western values of individual achievement rather than universal human potential 
C)  focuses too much on universal human potential rather than individual achievement 
D)  fails to take into account the evil in human nature

Question 13

The accuracy and usefulness of projective tests depends largely on ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the age of the client 
B)  the skill of the examiner 
C)  whether the client likes taking tests 
D)  the type of disorder being diagnosed 
A)  the age of the client 
B)  the skill of the examiner 
C)  whether the client likes taking tests 
D)  the type of disorder being diagnosed

Question 14

The Big Five personality dimensions appear to be essentially fixed, and unlikely to change by age ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  2 
B)  30 Correct; Research has found the Big Five to be fixed by age 30. 
C)  45 
D)  15 
A)  2 
B)  30 Correct; Research has found the Big Five to be fixed by age 30. 
C)  45 
D)  15

Question 15

Joe is overly optimistic, gullible, and dependent on others to meet his needs. In Freud's view, he is probably fixated in the ________ stage.

Accepted Answer

A)  phallic 
B)  anal 
C)  genital 
D)  oral 
A)  phallic 
B)  anal 
C)  genital 
D)  oral

Question 16

According to Freud, most children resolve the Oedipus or Electra conflict by ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  becoming anally fixated 
B)  reverting to the oral stage 
C)  identifying with the parent of the same sex 
D)  identifying with the parent of the opposite sex 
A)  becoming anally fixated 
B)  reverting to the oral stage 
C)  identifying with the parent of the same sex 
D)  identifying with the parent of the opposite sex

Question 17

According to Jung, a person who usually focuses on social life and the external world instead of his or her internal experience is a(n) ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  reducer 
B)  augmenter 
C)  introvert 
D)  extravert 
A)  reducer 
B)  augmenter 
C)  introvert 
D)  extravert

Question 18

Over the long term, optimists tend to be healthier than pessimists.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Traits can be directly observed.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

For Freud, material that we are not currently aware of, but which can be easily recalled, is in the ________ mind.

Accepted Answer

A)  preconscious 
B)  collective unconscious 
C)  conscious 
D)  unconscious 
A)  preconscious 
B)  collective unconscious 
C)  conscious 
D)  unconscious

Trait theories are primarily ________.

According to Jung, our repressed thoughts, undeveloped ideas, and forgotten experiences are contained in the ________.

For both Bandura and Rotter, a person's expectancies become a critical part of his or her ________.

In Freud's view, certain characteristic personality traits are the result of ________.

Each of the following is one of the propositions central to all psychodynamic theories except ________.

A personality that consisted of only the ego and the id would be completely ________.

Which of the following statements is true?

The push toward fulfillment of our inborn capacities and potentialities is what Rogers called the ________.

Each of the following is an advantage of projective tests except ________.

The id's link to reality is the superego.

Summarize the strengths and criticisms of cognitive social-learning theories of personality.

Critics of the humanistic approach to personality claim each of the following except it ________.

The accuracy and usefulness of projective tests depends largely on ________.

The Big Five personality dimensions appear to be essentially fixed, and unlikely to change by age ________.

Joe is overly optimistic, gullible, and dependent on others to meet his needs. In Freud's view, he is probably fixated in the ________ stage.

According to Freud, most children resolve the Oedipus or Electra conflict by ________.

According to Jung, a person who usually focuses on social life and the external world instead of his or her internal experience is a(n) ________.

Over the long term, optimists tend to be healthier than pessimists.

Traits can be directly observed.

For Freud, material that we are not currently aware of, but which can be easily recalled, is in the ________ mind.

The Science of Psychology

The Biological Basis of Behavior

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States of Consciousness

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Cognition and Mental Abilities

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Exam 10: Personality

Trait theories are primarily ________.

According to Jung, our repressed thoughts, undeveloped ideas, and forgotten experiences are contained in the ________.

For both Bandura and Rotter, a person's expectancies become a critical part of his or her ________.

In Freud's view, certain characteristic personality traits are the result of ________.

Each of the following is one of the propositions central to all psychodynamic theories except ________.

A personality that consisted of only the ego and the id would be completely ________.

Which of the following statements is true?

The push toward fulfillment of our inborn capacities and potentialities is what Rogers called the ________.

Each of the following is an advantage of projective tests except ________.

The id's link to reality is the superego.

Summarize the strengths and criticisms of cognitive social-learning theories of personality.

Critics of the humanistic approach to personality claim each of the following except it ________.

The accuracy and usefulness of projective tests depends largely on ________.

The Big Five personality dimensions appear to be essentially fixed, and unlikely to change by age ________.

Joe is overly optimistic, gullible, and dependent on others to meet his needs. In Freud's view, he is probably fixated in the ________ stage.

According to Freud, most children resolve the Oedipus or Electra conflict by ________.

According to Jung, a person who usually focuses on social life and the external world instead of his or her internal experience is a(n) ________.

Over the long term, optimists tend to be healthier than pessimists.

Traits can be directly observed.

For Freud, material that we are not currently aware of, but which can be easily recalled, is in the ________ mind.

The Science of Psychology

The Biological Basis of Behavior

Sensation and Perception

States of Consciousness

Learning

Memory

Cognition and Mental Abilities

Motivation and Emotion

Life-Span Development

Stress and Health Psychology

Psychological Disorders

Therapies

Social Psychology

Filters