Question 1

The Supreme Court halted the general use of reserved funding in the granting of federal contracts to minority businesses in the 1995 case of

Accepted Answer

A) Adarand v.Peña. 
B) Fullilove v.Klutznick. 
C) Craig v.Boren. 
D) Rostker v.Goldberg. 
E) United States v.Virginia. 
A) Adarand v.Peña. 
B) Fullilove v.Klutznick. 
C) Craig v.Boren. 
D) Rostker v.Goldberg. 
E) United States v.Virginia. A

Question 2

Native Americans were denied citizenship in the United States until ________.

Accepted Answer

A) 1789 
B) 1856 
C) 1924 
D) 1972 
E) 1998 
A) 1789 
B) 1856 
C) 1924 
D) 1972 
E) 1998 C

Question 3

All of the following statements about Hispanic Americans are true EXCEPT that

Accepted Answer

A) they are the fastest-growing minority in the United States. 
B) they have made major political gains in terms of electing local officials,particularly in the southwestern states. 
C) they are healthier and have a longer life expectancy than would be expected from their education and income levels. 
D) their average annual income is relatively close to the national average. 
E) they are one of the nation's oldest ethnic groups. 
A) they are the fastest-growing minority in the United States. 
B) they have made major political gains in terms of electing local officials,particularly in the southwestern states. 
C) they are healthier and have a longer life expectancy than would be expected from their education and income levels. 
D) their average annual income is relatively close to the national average. 
E) they are one of the nation's oldest ethnic groups. D

Question 4

The modern civil rights movement had a peak moment with the March on Washington in ________.

Accepted Answer

A) 1954 
B) 1960 
C) 1963 
D) 1968 
E) 1973 
A) 1954 
B) 1960 
C) 1963 
D) 1968 
E) 1973

Question 5

In 2015,the Supreme Court ruled that state bans on same-sex marriage violated the Fourteenth Amendment in which case?

Accepted Answer

A) Obergefell v.Hodges 
B) Loving v.Virginia 
C) Grutter v.Bollinger 
D) Shelby County v.Holder 
E) Lau v.Nichols 
A) Obergefell v.Hodges 
B) Loving v.Virginia 
C) Grutter v.Bollinger 
D) Shelby County v.Holder 
E) Lau v.Nichols

Question 6

Of the following states,which tends to have larger numbers of Caribbean Hispanics?

Accepted Answer

A) California 
B) Texas 
C) New York 
D) New Mexico 
E) Arizona 
A) California 
B) Texas 
C) New York 
D) New Mexico 
E) Arizona

Question 7

In 2007 the Supreme Court ruled that the pursuit of racial integration in public schools through busing

Accepted Answer

A) was a practice that should be left to state governments to adopt or reject. 
B) should be enacted and monitored by the federal government to ensure full compliance. 
C) was as necessary to ensure racial justice as was the ending of de facto segregation in 1954. 
D) was a permanent solution to an intractable problem. 
E) deprived students of their Fourteenth Amendment right to equal protection. 
A) was a practice that should be left to state governments to adopt or reject. 
B) should be enacted and monitored by the federal government to ensure full compliance. 
C) was as necessary to ensure racial justice as was the ending of de facto segregation in 1954. 
D) was a permanent solution to an intractable problem. 
E) deprived students of their Fourteenth Amendment right to equal protection.

Question 8

Since the latter part of the busing era,the trend in public schools has been

Accepted Answer

A) toward greater integration. 
B) toward greater segregation. 
C) to rely more and more on busing. 
D) to reinstate de jure racial segregation. 
E) to retain the gains in racial integration achieved through the 1970s,but not to further them. 
A) toward greater integration. 
B) toward greater segregation. 
C) to rely more and more on busing. 
D) to reinstate de jure racial segregation. 
E) to retain the gains in racial integration achieved through the 1970s,but not to further them.

Question 9

The first woman ever to serve on the U.S.Supreme Court was appointed by

Accepted Answer

A) President Truman. 
B) President Eisenhower. 
C) President Kennedy. 
D) President Reagan. 
E) President Carter. 
A) President Truman. 
B) President Eisenhower. 
C) President Kennedy. 
D) President Reagan. 
E) President Carter.

Question 10

What is the equal protection clause? What three tests are associated with discrimination in law?

Accepted Answer

The equal protection clause is part of t

Question 11

In 1960,the greatest percentage of immigrants to America came from

Accepted Answer

A) Europe. 
B) Asia. 
C) Latin America. 
D) Africa. 
E) Australia. 
A) Europe. 
B) Asia. 
C) Latin America. 
D) Africa. 
E) Australia.

Question 12

Any law that attempts a racial or ethnic classification is subject to the

Accepted Answer

A) reasonable-basis test. 
B) strict-scrutiny test. 
C) intermediate-scrutiny test. 
D) precedent-basis test. 
E) suspect-classification test. 
A) reasonable-basis test. 
B) strict-scrutiny test. 
C) intermediate-scrutiny test. 
D) precedent-basis test. 
E) suspect-classification test.

Question 13

The Brown v.Board of Education of Topeka,Kansas ruling (1954)held that racial segregation in schools violated the

Accepted Answer

A) due process clause of the Fifth Amendment. 
B) due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. 
C) equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. 
D) Civil Rights Act. 
E) establishment clause of the First Amendment. 
A) due process clause of the Fifth Amendment. 
B) due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. 
C) equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. 
D) Civil Rights Act. 
E) establishment clause of the First Amendment.

Question 14

Which statement about women's rights is correct?

Accepted Answer

A) The Equal Rights Amendment (ER
A) was ratified by the necessary 38 states in 1982. 
B) The women's rights movement began in the era of World War I and within a few years achieved voting rights for women. 
C) Women have made clear gains in the areas of appointive and elective offices. 
D) "Comparable worth polices" that might have benefited women workers have been invalidated by the Supreme Court. 
E) All of these answers are correct. 
A) The Equal Rights Amendment (ER
A) was ratified by the necessary 38 states in 1982. 
B) The women's rights movement began in the era of World War I and within a few years achieved voting rights for women. 
C) Women have made clear gains in the areas of appointive and elective offices. 
D) "Comparable worth polices" that might have benefited women workers have been invalidated by the Supreme Court. 
E) All of these answers are correct.

Question 15

Politically,the fight to pass major civil rights legislation in Congress in the 1960s was led primarily by

Accepted Answer

A) southern Democrats. 
B) southern Republicans. 
C) Republicans. 
D) Democrats. 
E) an about equal coalition of Democrats and Republicans. 
A) southern Democrats. 
B) southern Republicans. 
C) Republicans. 
D) Democrats. 
E) an about equal coalition of Democrats and Republicans.

Question 16

How did the Supreme Court justify its pro-affirmative action ruling in Fisher v.University of Texas (2016)?

Accepted Answer

A) It argued the University of Texas had overstepped its bounds in its affirmative action policy,but that the federal government had no jurisdiction to either strike it down or approve it. 
B) It argued the University of Texas had kept overly holistic or idealistic criteria and goals out of its admissions process with respect to minority students. 
C) It argued the University of Texas's 10-percent quota for minority students reflected the bare minimum that a diverse society should strive for in higher education admissions. 
D) It argued the University of Texas had very narrowly tailored its use of ethnicity and race as admission factors for a compelling interest in diversity. 
E) It argued that even public education institutions,because they accept private tuition money,are allowed to make any affirmative action policy they desire. 
A) It argued the University of Texas had overstepped its bounds in its affirmative action policy,but that the federal government had no jurisdiction to either strike it down or approve it. 
B) It argued the University of Texas had kept overly holistic or idealistic criteria and goals out of its admissions process with respect to minority students. 
C) It argued the University of Texas's 10-percent quota for minority students reflected the bare minimum that a diverse society should strive for in higher education admissions. 
D) It argued the University of Texas had very narrowly tailored its use of ethnicity and race as admission factors for a compelling interest in diversity. 
E) It argued that even public education institutions,because they accept private tuition money,are allowed to make any affirmative action policy they desire.

Question 17

All of the following statements about Asian American rights are true EXCEPT that

Accepted Answer

A) Asian Americans have not attained a proportionate share of top business positions. 
B) Asian Americans are an upwardly mobile group but are underrepresented in top positions in society due to past and present discrimination. 
C) Asian Americans have the highest percentage of two-parent families of any racial group. 
D) Asian Americans have made notable educational advancements. 
E) Asian Americans have the second highest median family income of any group. 
A) Asian Americans have not attained a proportionate share of top business positions. 
B) Asian Americans are an upwardly mobile group but are underrepresented in top positions in society due to past and present discrimination. 
C) Asian Americans have the highest percentage of two-parent families of any racial group. 
D) Asian Americans have made notable educational advancements. 
E) Asian Americans have the second highest median family income of any group.

Question 18

One reason that affirmative action is so controversial is that

Accepted Answer

A) since the 1980s the Supreme Court has imposed it on the American public despite congressional attempts to end it. 
B) most Americans admit that they oppose programs that ensure equal treatment for minorities. 
C) it is applied only to private businesses and schools,not to government programs and institutions. 
D) the Supreme Court has repeatedly declared it unconstitutional both in principle and in practice. 
E) it is viewed as giving preferential treatment,which is unpopular,instead of simply ensuring equal treatment. 
A) since the 1980s the Supreme Court has imposed it on the American public despite congressional attempts to end it. 
B) most Americans admit that they oppose programs that ensure equal treatment for minorities. 
C) it is applied only to private businesses and schools,not to government programs and institutions. 
D) the Supreme Court has repeatedly declared it unconstitutional both in principle and in practice. 
E) it is viewed as giving preferential treatment,which is unpopular,instead of simply ensuring equal treatment.

Question 19

In the case of United States v.Virginia (1996),the Supreme Court ruled that

Accepted Answer

A) strict racial quotas were a valid means of ensuring racial diversity on college campuses. 
B) private colleges could refuse to admit prospective students on the basis of sexual orientation. 
C) male-only admissions policy at a state-supported military academy was unconstitutional. 
D) because female instructors created an undue distraction at all-male universities,the schools in question could discriminate against women in their hiring practices. 
E) colleges affiliated with a particular religion could not take the religious persuasion of job candidates into consideration during the hiring process. 
A) strict racial quotas were a valid means of ensuring racial diversity on college campuses. 
B) private colleges could refuse to admit prospective students on the basis of sexual orientation. 
C) male-only admissions policy at a state-supported military academy was unconstitutional. 
D) because female instructors created an undue distraction at all-male universities,the schools in question could discriminate against women in their hiring practices. 
E) colleges affiliated with a particular religion could not take the religious persuasion of job candidates into consideration during the hiring process.

Question 20

Native Americans

Accepted Answer

A) have always been legal citizens of the United States. 
B) were not given citizenship status en masse until the 20th century. 
C) do not today have the full legal rights of other U.S.citizens. 
D) are U.S.citizens unless they choose to live on a reservation. 
E) have numbered roughly 10 million in the United States since the 1700s. 
A) have always been legal citizens of the United States. 
B) were not given citizenship status en masse until the 20th century. 
C) do not today have the full legal rights of other U.S.citizens. 
D) are U.S.citizens unless they choose to live on a reservation. 
E) have numbered roughly 10 million in the United States since the 1700s.

The Supreme Court halted the general use of reserved funding in the granting of federal contracts to minority businesses in the 1995 case of

Native Americans were denied citizenship in the United States until ________.

All of the following statements about Hispanic Americans are true EXCEPT that

The modern civil rights movement had a peak moment with the March on Washington in ________.

In 2015,the Supreme Court ruled that state bans on same-sex marriage violated the Fourteenth Amendment in which case?

Of the following states,which tends to have larger numbers of Caribbean Hispanics?

In 2007 the Supreme Court ruled that the pursuit of racial integration in public schools through busing

Since the latter part of the busing era,the trend in public schools has been

The first woman ever to serve on the U.S.Supreme Court was appointed by

What is the equal protection clause? What three tests are associated with discrimination in law?

In 1960,the greatest percentage of immigrants to America came from

Any law that attempts a racial or ethnic classification is subject to the

The Brown v.Board of Education of Topeka,Kansas ruling (1954)held that racial segregation in schools violated the

Which statement about women's rights is correct?

Politically,the fight to pass major civil rights legislation in Congress in the 1960s was led primarily by

How did the Supreme Court justify its pro-affirmative action ruling in Fisher v.University of Texas (2016)?

All of the following statements about Asian American rights are true EXCEPT that

One reason that affirmative action is so controversial is that

In the case of United States v.Virginia (1996),the Supreme Court ruled that

Native Americans

Political Thinking and Political Culture: Becoming a Responsible Citizen

Constitutional Democracy: Promoting Liberty and Self-Government

Federalism: Forging a Nation

Civil Liberties: Protecting Individual Rights

Public Opinion and Political Socialization: Shaping the Peoples Voice

Political Participation: Activating the Popular Will

Political Parties,candidates,and Campaigns: Defining the Voters Choice

Interest Groups: Organizing for Influence

The News Media: Communicating Political Images

Congress: Balancing National Goals and Local Interests

The Presidency: Leading the Nation

The Federal Bureaucracy: Administering the Government

The Federal Judicial System: Applying the Law

Economic and Environmental Policy: Contributing to Prosperity

Income,welfare,and Education Policy: Providing for Personal Security

Foreign Policy: Protecting the American Way

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Exam 5: Equal Rights: Struggling Toward Fairness

The Supreme Court halted the general use of reserved funding in the granting of federal contracts to minority businesses in the 1995 case of

Native Americans were denied citizenship in the United States until ________.

All of the following statements about Hispanic Americans are true EXCEPT that

The modern civil rights movement had a peak moment with the March on Washington in ________.

In 2015,the Supreme Court ruled that state bans on same-sex marriage violated the Fourteenth Amendment in which case?

Of the following states,which tends to have larger numbers of Caribbean Hispanics?

In 2007 the Supreme Court ruled that the pursuit of racial integration in public schools through busing

Since the latter part of the busing era,the trend in public schools has been

The first woman ever to serve on the U.S.Supreme Court was appointed by

What is the equal protection clause? What three tests are associated with discrimination in law?

In 1960,the greatest percentage of immigrants to America came from

Any law that attempts a racial or ethnic classification is subject to the

The Brown v.Board of Education of Topeka,Kansas ruling (1954)held that racial segregation in schools violated the

Which statement about women's rights is correct?

Politically,the fight to pass major civil rights legislation in Congress in the 1960s was led primarily by

How did the Supreme Court justify its pro-affirmative action ruling in Fisher v.University of Texas (2016)?

All of the following statements about Asian American rights are true EXCEPT that

One reason that affirmative action is so controversial is that

In the case of United States v.Virginia (1996),the Supreme Court ruled that

Native Americans

Political Thinking and Political Culture: Becoming a Responsible Citizen

Constitutional Democracy: Promoting Liberty and Self-Government

Federalism: Forging a Nation

Civil Liberties: Protecting Individual Rights

Public Opinion and Political Socialization: Shaping the Peoples Voice

Political Participation: Activating the Popular Will

Political Parties,candidates,and Campaigns: Defining the Voters Choice

Interest Groups: Organizing for Influence

The News Media: Communicating Political Images

Congress: Balancing National Goals and Local Interests

The Presidency: Leading the Nation

The Federal Bureaucracy: Administering the Government

The Federal Judicial System: Applying the Law

Economic and Environmental Policy: Contributing to Prosperity

Income,welfare,and Education Policy: Providing for Personal Security

Foreign Policy: Protecting the American Way

Filters