Exam 7: Revolutionary Change

Although different types of peasants-wage laborers,sharecroppers,squatters,and smallholders-are likely to join rebellions or revolutions,they all have something in common.What is that?

The 20^th century's age of leftist revolutions

Like many revolutionary leaders,Emiliano Zapata (Mexico)and Ho Chi Minh (Vietnam),came from middle-class families.

What is a major factor that convinces many peasants to join a revolution?

Fidel Castro's guerrilla army first developed in an area with a history of marijuana growing and smuggling.

Where did businessmen play an important role in their nation's revolution?

Which country's revolution caused the death of many thousands of its own people?

So-called "elite revolutions" (revolutions from above)are usually led by

All of the recent pro-democratic uprisings in Tunisia,Egypt,and elsewhere in the Arab world (the Arab Spring)

Both Turkey and Peru had "revolutions from above" carried out by military officers.

No Marxist national government has ever allowed itself to be voted out of office.

Which of the following has been a major accomplishment of most leftist revolutions?

Although revolutionary governments usually claim to be more honest than the government that they toppled,Transparency International,an independent watchdog group on government corruption,has determined that the communist governments of Cuba and China are considerably more corrupt than the average developing nation's government.

Which of the following sectors often provides key leadership for the revolutionary cause?

James Scott talks of the collapse of the "moral economy" that often breaks down prior to a revolution.What is a moral economy?

What was the Arab Spring?

Although Che Guevara was a university-trained,white Argentinean,he managed to win the support of black peasants in Cuba and also the Indian peasants in Bolivia whom he recruited into the revolutionary cause.

Charles Tilly argued that for a revolutionary movement to win power it must first establish themselves as "an alternate sovereignty." What does that mean?

Theda Skocpol argued that the most important element causing a revolution to succeed is

What are the main arguments for and against revolutionary regimes in the developing world? What are the major strengths and weaknesses of revolutionary governments as compared to democratic developing nations?