Question 1

What are the smallest particles of matter that exhibit and define the distinctive chemical characteristics of the individual elements?

Accepted Answer

A)  protons 
B)  atoms 
C)  elements 
D)  minerals 
A)  protons 
B)  atoms 
C)  elements 
D)  minerals

Question 2

Use the Periodic table below to answer the following questions:
  
-Element 17 Cl. and 9

Accepted Answer

A)  behave as metals because they lie on the right side of the periodic table 
B)  are chemically similar because they lie directly below each other on the periodic table 
C)  are chemically relatively inert because they adjacent to the inert gases on the periodic table 
D)  are chemically very different because they lie directly below each other on the periodic table 
A)  behave as metals because they lie on the right side of the periodic table 
B)  are chemically similar because they lie directly below each other on the periodic table 
C)  are chemically relatively inert because they adjacent to the inert gases on the periodic table 
D)  are chemically very different because they lie directly below each other on the periodic table

Question 3

The basic building block of a silicate is composed of___________ .

Accepted Answer

A)  1 oxygen and 1 silicon 
B)  3 oxygens and 1 silicon 
C)  2 oxygens and 1 silicon 
D)  4 oxygens and 1 silicon 
A)  1 oxygen and 1 silicon 
B)  3 oxygens and 1 silicon 
C)  2 oxygens and 1 silicon 
D)  4 oxygens and 1 silicon

Question 4

Use the Periodic table below to answer the following questions:
  
-Element 20, Ca, has what chemical property?

Accepted Answer

A)  It tends to form covalent bonds and an ion with a charge of +1. 
B)  It behaves as a nonmetal, accepting electrons to form an ion with charge - 2. 
C)  It tends to be inert, and thus is dispersed throughout the crust. 
D)  It behaves as a metal ion, giving up two electrons to form a +2 ion. 
A)  It tends to form covalent bonds and an ion with a charge of +1. 
B)  It behaves as a nonmetal, accepting electrons to form an ion with charge - 2. 
C)  It tends to be inert, and thus is dispersed throughout the crust. 
D)  It behaves as a metal ion, giving up two electrons to form a +2 ion.

Question 5

The bond between sodium Na. and Chlorine Cl. to form halite salt. is an___________ bond.

Accepted Answer

A)  covalent 
B)  valent 
C)  ionic 
D)  metallic 
A)  covalent 
B)  valent 
C)  ionic 
D)  metallic

Question 6

Halides always include_____ .

Accepted Answer

A)  Cl- 1, F- 1, or Br- 1  
B)  SO4- 2 
C)  CO3- 2  
D)  SiO4- 4 
A)  Cl- 1, F- 1, or Br- 1  
B)  SO4- 2 
C)  CO3- 2  
D)  SiO4- 4

Question 7

Atoms of the same element, zinc for example, have the same number of ____.

Accepted Answer

A)  protons in the nucleus 
B)  neutrons in the outer nuclear shell 
C)  electrons in the valence bond level 
D)  electrons in the nucleus 
A)  protons in the nucleus 
B)  neutrons in the outer nuclear shell 
C)  electrons in the valence bond level 
D)  electrons in the nucleus

Question 8

Chemical compounds retain most of the characteristics of their constituent elements.

Accepted Answer

A)  none 
B)  few 
C)  all 
D)  most 
A)  none 
B)  few 
C)  all 
D)  most

Question 9

Atoms that have an electrical charge due to a gain or loss of electrons are called _____

Accepted Answer

A)  isotopes 
B)  ions 
C)  periodic elements 
D)  isochrons 
A)  isotopes 
B)  ions 
C)  periodic elements 
D)  isochrons

Question 10

Light colored silicates have a specific gravity of about 2.7 grams/cm3 are composed primarily of the silica tetrahedra and __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  iron, magnesium, calcium, and sodium 
B)  potassium, calcium, sodium, and aluminum 
C)  aluminum, magnesium, calcium, and iron 
D)  potassium, aluminum, magnesium, and sodium 
E)  magnesium, aluminum, sodium, and calcium 
A)  iron, magnesium, calcium, and sodium 
B)  potassium, calcium, sodium, and aluminum 
C)  aluminum, magnesium, calcium, and iron 
D)  potassium, aluminum, magnesium, and sodium 
E)  magnesium, aluminum, sodium, and calcium

Question 11

The columns of the periodic table divide atoms by their_____________ .

Accepted Answer

A)  number of valence electrons 
B)  number of neutrons 
C)  atomic mass 
D)  number of protons 
A)  number of valence electrons 
B)  number of neutrons 
C)  atomic mass 
D)  number of protons

Question 12

Deposits of which of the following minerals would never be considered an ore due to their relatively low market value?

Accepted Answer

A)  chalcopyrite 
B)  galena 
C)  hematite 
D)  quartz 
A)  chalcopyrite 
B)  galena 
C)  hematite 
D)  quartz

Question 13

The most unreliable variable. diagnostic property of minerals such as quartz is__________ .

Accepted Answer

A)  habit 
B)  color 
C)  specific gravity 
D)  hardness 
A)  habit 
B)  color 
C)  specific gravity 
D)  hardness

Question 14

Angles are important when looking at which physical properties of minerals?

Accepted Answer

A)  cleavage 
B)  fracture 
C)  luster 
D)  streak 
A)  cleavage 
B)  fracture 
C)  luster 
D)  streak

Question 15

Atoms that share electrons have an___________ bond.

Accepted Answer

A)  metallic 
B)  covalent 
C)  ionic 
D)  partial 
A)  metallic 
B)  covalent 
C)  ionic 
D)  partial

Question 16

Examine the words and/or phrases below and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the option that does not fit the pattern.

Accepted Answer

A)  neutron 
B)  atom 
C)  proton 
D)  electron 
A)  neutron 
B)  atom 
C)  proton 
D)  electron

Question 17

The physical property denoting a mineral's tendency to crack along parallel, planar surfaces is known as ___________.

Accepted Answer

A)  hardness 
B)  streak 
C)  luster 
D)  cleavage 
A)  hardness 
B)  streak 
C)  luster 
D)  cleavage

Question 18

Carbonates always include_________ .

Accepted Answer

A)  SiO4- 4  
B)  SO4- 2 
C)  Cl- 1, F- 1, or Br- 1  
D)  CO3- 2 
A)  SiO4- 4  
B)  SO4- 2 
C)  Cl- 1, F- 1, or Br- 1  
D)  CO3- 2

Question 19

Sulfates always include__________ .

Accepted Answer

A)  Cl- 1, F- 1, or Br- 1  
B)  SO4- 2 
C)  CO3- 2  
D)  SiO4- 4 
A)  Cl- 1, F- 1, or Br- 1  
B)  SO4- 2 
C)  CO3- 2  
D)  SiO4- 4

Question 20

The strong tendency of certain minerals to break along smooth, parallel planes is known as_________ .

Accepted Answer

A)  cleavage 
B)  habit 
C)  cracking luster 
D)  streak 
A)  cleavage 
B)  habit 
C)  cracking luster 
D)  streak

Exam 2: Matter and Minerals

What are the smallest particles of matter that exhibit and define the distinctive chemical characteristics of the individual elements?

Use the Periodic table below to answer the following questions: -Element 17 Cl. and 9

The basic building block of a silicate is composed of___________ .

Use the Periodic table below to answer the following questions: -Element 20, Ca, has what chemical property?

The bond between sodium Na. and Chlorine Cl. to form halite salt. is an___________ bond.

Halides always include_____ .

Atoms of the same element, zinc for example, have the same number of ____.

Chemical compounds retain most of the characteristics of their constituent elements.

Atoms that have an electrical charge due to a gain or loss of electrons are called _____

Light colored silicates have a specific gravity of about 2.7 grams/cm3 are composed primarily of the silica tetrahedra and __________.

The columns of the periodic table divide atoms by their_____________ .

Deposits of which of the following minerals would never be considered an ore due to their relatively low market value?

The most unreliable variable. diagnostic property of minerals such as quartz is__________ .

Angles are important when looking at which physical properties of minerals?

Atoms that share electrons have an___________ bond.

Examine the words and/or phrases below and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the option that does not fit the pattern.

The physical property denoting a mineral's tendency to crack along parallel, planar surfaces is known as ___________.

Carbonates always include_________ .

Sulfates always include__________ .

The strong tendency of certain minerals to break along smooth, parallel planes is known as_________ .

Introduction to Earth Science

Rocks: Materials of the Solid Earth

Plate Tectonics: a Scientific Revolution Unfolds

Earthquakes and Earths Interior

Volcanoes and Other Igneous Activity

Crustal Deformation and Mountain Building

Weathering, Soil, and Mass Movement

Running Water and Groundwater

Glaciers, Deserts, and Wind

Geologic Time

Earths Evolution Through Geologic Time

The Ocean Floor

Ocean Water and Ocean Life

The Dynamic Ocean

The Atmosphere: Composition, Structure, and Temperature

Moisture, Clouds, and Precipitation

Air Pressure and Wind

Weather Patterns and Severe Storms

World Climates and Global Climate Change

Origins of Modern Astronomy

Touring Our Solar System

Light, Telescopes, and the Sun

Beyond Our Solar System

Filters

Light colored silicates have a specific gravity of about 2.7 grams/cm³are composed primarily of the silica tetrahedra and __________.