Question 1

Igneous rock is formed ________ .

Accepted Answer

A)  by crystallization of magma 
B)  by the weathering of preexisting rocks 
C)  at great depth within Earth 
D)  by changes in mineral composition 
A)  by crystallization of magma 
B)  by the weathering of preexisting rocks 
C)  at great depth within Earth 
D)  by changes in mineral composition

Question 2

Which of the following changes may occur during metamorphism?

Accepted Answer

A)  Crystals may grow larger. 
B)  The rock becomes more compact. 
C)  Certain minerals may recrystallize. 
D)  all of the above 
A)  Crystals may grow larger. 
B)  The rock becomes more compact. 
C)  Certain minerals may recrystallize. 
D)  all of the above

Question 3

What type of stress pressure. is illustrated in the diagram below?

Accepted Answer

A)  contact 
B)  differential 
C)  regional 
D)  confining 
A)  contact 
B)  differential 
C)  regional 
D)  confining

Question 4

The first step in turning a rock into a sediment is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  weathering alters the rock 
B)  rock is broken into small pieces during the transportation phase 
C)  compaction 
D)  gravity and erosional agents wind, water, etc.. remove material from the parent rock 
A)  weathering alters the rock 
B)  rock is broken into small pieces during the transportation phase 
C)  compaction 
D)  gravity and erosional agents wind, water, etc.. remove material from the parent rock

Question 5

Which one of the following is an igneous rock?

Accepted Answer

A)  shale 
B)  rhyolite 
C)  limestone 
D)  slate 
A)  shale 
B)  rhyolite 
C)  limestone 
D)  slate

Question 6

Felsic rocks melt at a temperature that is_________ .

Accepted Answer

A)  higher than mafic rocks but lower than intermediate rocks 
B)  lower than both intermediate and mafic rocks 
C)  lower than mafic rocks but higher than intermediate rocks 
D)  higher than intermediate rocks but lower than mafic rocks 
A)  higher than mafic rocks but lower than intermediate rocks 
B)  lower than both intermediate and mafic rocks 
C)  lower than mafic rocks but higher than intermediate rocks 
D)  higher than intermediate rocks but lower than mafic rocks

Question 7

Obsidian exhibits a________ texture.

Accepted Answer

A)  porphyritic 
B)  glassy 
C)  fine- grained 
D)  coarse- grained 
A)  porphyritic 
B)  glassy 
C)  fine- grained 
D)  coarse- grained

Question 8

An important condition for the formation of coal is _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  acid rich waters that reduce the organic matter to pure carbon 
B)  incomplete decomposition of organic matter due to a lack of oxygen 
C)  abundant plant and animal life in a region 
D)  decomposition of organic matter with abundant oxygen 
A)  acid rich waters that reduce the organic matter to pure carbon 
B)  incomplete decomposition of organic matter due to a lack of oxygen 
C)  abundant plant and animal life in a region 
D)  decomposition of organic matter with abundant oxygen

Question 9

High heat and high pressure will lead to_________ rocks.

Accepted Answer

A)  sedimentary 
B)  crystalline 
C)  metamorphic 
D)  igneous 
A)  sedimentary 
B)  crystalline 
C)  metamorphic 
D)  igneous

Question 10

In an area where the temperature increase with depth averages 20°C per kilometer, the temperature at a depth of 5 kilometers would be_______________.

Accepted Answer

A)  200°C 
B)  50°C 
C)  20°C 
D)  100°C 
A)  200°C 
B)  50°C 
C)  20°C 
D)  100°C

Question 11

In order to get oil and gas in sufficient quantities to make a profit, an oil trap must exist with_______ .

Accepted Answer

A)  shale with little or no sulfur 
B)  no fractures or structure 
C)  lateral continuity that allows fluids to migrate 
D)  sufficiently high permeability and porosity 
A)  shale with little or no sulfur 
B)  no fractures or structure 
C)  lateral continuity that allows fluids to migrate 
D)  sufficiently high permeability and porosity

Question 12

Which of the following best describes bedded gypsum and rock salt?

Accepted Answer

A)  varieties of dolostone 
B)  varieties of coal and peat 
C)  evaporates; chemical, sedimentary rocks 
D)  detrital sedimentary rocks 
A)  varieties of dolostone 
B)  varieties of coal and peat 
C)  evaporates; chemical, sedimentary rocks 
D)  detrital sedimentary rocks

Question 13

Most sediment is formed by _______ .

Accepted Answer

A)  the downhill movement of material during mass wasting 
B)  the rapid distribution of material in a mountain stream 
C)  rocks that erode from the bottoms of glaciers 
D)  settling out of a fluid 
A)  the downhill movement of material during mass wasting 
B)  the rapid distribution of material in a mountain stream 
C)  rocks that erode from the bottoms of glaciers 
D)  settling out of a fluid

Question 14

Which of the following places is well known for its intrusive igneous rocks that were exposed by erosion?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mount St. Helens Volcano 
B)  Yellowstone National Park 
C)  Mt. Rushmore 
D)  Hawaii 
A)  Mount St. Helens Volcano 
B)  Yellowstone National Park 
C)  Mt. Rushmore 
D)  Hawaii

Question 15

Most limestone has a ____origin.

Accepted Answer

A)  bioclastic 
B)  chemical 
C)  biochemical 
D)  detrital 
A)  bioclastic 
B)  chemical 
C)  biochemical 
D)  detrital

Question 16

The common rock produced by the metamorphism of limestone is__________ .

Accepted Answer

A)  gneiss 
B)  phyllite 
C)  marble 
D)  mica schist 
A)  gneiss 
B)  phyllite 
C)  marble 
D)  mica schist

Question 17

Detrital sediments would predominate in all of the following environments except___________ .

Accepted Answer

A)  river floodplain 
B)  delta 
C)  swamp 
D)  salt flat 
A)  river floodplain 
B)  delta 
C)  swamp 
D)  salt flat

Question 18

One magma can produce _____ types of igneous rocks having different mineral compositions.

Accepted Answer

A)  hundreds of different 
B)  several different 
C)  only detrital 
D)  only one 
A)  hundreds of different 
B)  several different 
C)  only detrital 
D)  only one

Question 19

Sedimentary rocks comprise approximately _______percent of Earth's outermost 10 miles.

Accepted Answer

A)  15 
B)  30 
C)  5 
D)  50 
A)  15 
B)  30 
C)  5 
D)  50

Question 20

What does Bowen's reaction series tell us about how rocks evolve?

Accepted Answer

Bowen's reaction series gives the temper

Exam 3: Rocks: Materials of the Solid Earth

Igneous rock is formed ________ .

Which of the following changes may occur during metamorphism?

What type of stress pressure. is illustrated in the diagram below?

The first step in turning a rock into a sediment is ________.

Which one of the following is an igneous rock?

Felsic rocks melt at a temperature that is_________ .

Obsidian exhibits a________ texture.

An important condition for the formation of coal is _______.

High heat and high pressure will lead to_________ rocks.

In an area where the temperature increase with depth averages 20°C per kilometer, the temperature at a depth of 5 kilometers would be_______________.

In order to get oil and gas in sufficient quantities to make a profit, an oil trap must exist with_______ .

Which of the following best describes bedded gypsum and rock salt?

Most sediment is formed by _______ .

Which of the following places is well known for its intrusive igneous rocks that were exposed by erosion?

Most limestone has a ____origin.

The common rock produced by the metamorphism of limestone is__________ .

Detrital sediments would predominate in all of the following environments except___________ .

One magma can produce _____ types of igneous rocks having different mineral compositions.

Sedimentary rocks comprise approximately _______percent of Earth's outermost 10 miles.

What does Bowen's reaction series tell us about how rocks evolve?

Introduction to Earth Science

Matter and Minerals

Plate Tectonics: a Scientific Revolution Unfolds

Earthquakes and Earths Interior

Volcanoes and Other Igneous Activity

Crustal Deformation and Mountain Building

Weathering, Soil, and Mass Movement

Running Water and Groundwater

Glaciers, Deserts, and Wind

Geologic Time

Earths Evolution Through Geologic Time

The Ocean Floor

Ocean Water and Ocean Life

The Dynamic Ocean

The Atmosphere: Composition, Structure, and Temperature

Moisture, Clouds, and Precipitation

Air Pressure and Wind

Weather Patterns and Severe Storms

World Climates and Global Climate Change

Origins of Modern Astronomy

Touring Our Solar System

Light, Telescopes, and the Sun

Beyond Our Solar System

Filters