Exam 9: Running Water and Groundwater

______is defined as the drop in elevation of the stream surface divided by the distance the water flows.

Porosity is a measure of the______ in rocks and unconsolidated geological materials such as alluvium and soils.

______can be a temporary base level for a river.

Which of these is considered to be "storage" part of the hydrologic cycle?

An alluvial fan ______ .

On the cutaway sides of the illustration below, areas shaded light represent the zone of aeration, and areas that are darkly shaded represent the zone of saturation. All rock types are aquifers except for the labeled aquitard. On the blanks provided, fill in the name of the labeled features.

As a stream changes from its headwaters to its mouth, which of the following is not likely to occur?

A ______ flood occurs when heavy rain strikes a mountainous area.

Sediment production occurs primarily in ______part of a river system.

Examine the words and/or phrases below and determine the relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the option that does not fit the pattern.

Which of the following is not a significant factor in determining whether precipitation will soak into the ground or run off on the surfaces?

People learned by trial and error years ago how to paddle a canoe upstream in meandering rivers, knowing where the strongest currents were located. Assuming you don't want to go backwards, what is the best paddling route to maximize your speed upstream?

What term describes a groundwater system in which water in a well rises above the top of the aquifer without use of a pump?

Bed load of a stream is carried ______.

______generally constitutes the highest percentage of the annual sediment load moved by a stream.

Which of the following is the correct definition of stream gradient?

At the head of a delta, the major channel splits into smaller channels that follow different paths to the sea. These smaller channels are known as______ .

Stream discharge is defined as the ______of water flowing past a specific channel location per unit time.

______is the quantity of water flowing past a certain stream cross section per unit time.

An artesian well is one in which______ .