Question 1

The nurse assesses a patient who is admitted for an overdose of sedatives.The nurse expects to find which acid-base alteration?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hyperventilation and respiratory acidosis 
B)  Hypoventilation and respiratory acidosis 
C)  Hypoventilation and respiratory alkalosis 
D)  Respiratory acidosis and normal oxygen levels 
A)  Hyperventilation and respiratory acidosis 
B)  Hypoventilation and respiratory acidosis 
C)  Hypoventilation and respiratory alkalosis 
D)  Respiratory acidosis and normal oxygen levels

Question 2

From the following illustrations of the alveolar-capillary membrane,select the image that demonstrates shunting.

Accepted Answer

A)   
B)   
C)   
D)   
E)   
A)   
B)   
C)   
D)   
E)

Question 3

Select the strategies for preventing deep vein thrombosis ( DVT )and pulmonary embolus ( PE ).(Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Graduated compression stockings 
B)  Heparin or low-molecular weight heparin for patients at risk 
C)  Sequential compression devices 
D)  Strict bed rest 
E)  Leg massage 
A)  Graduated compression stockings 
B)  Heparin or low-molecular weight heparin for patients at risk 
C)  Sequential compression devices 
D)  Strict bed rest 
E)  Leg massage

Question 4

The nurse is concerned that a patient is at increased risk of developing a pulmonary embolus and develops a plan of care for prevention to include which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Antiseptic oral care 
B)  Bed rest with head of bed elevated 
C)  Coughing and deep breathing 
D)  Mobility 
A)  Antiseptic oral care 
B)  Bed rest with head of bed elevated 
C)  Coughing and deep breathing 
D)  Mobility

Question 5

The nurse is caring for a postoperative patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD ).Which assessment would be a cue to the patient developing postoperative pneumonia?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bradycardia 
B)  Change in sputum characteristics 
C)  Hypoventilation and respiratory acidosis 
D)  Pursed-lip breathing 
A)  Bradycardia 
B)  Change in sputum characteristics 
C)  Hypoventilation and respiratory acidosis 
D)  Pursed-lip breathing

Question 6

The basic underlying pathophysiology of acute respiratory distress syndrome results in

Accepted Answer

A)  a decrease in the number of white blood cells available. 
B)  damage to the right mainstem bronchus. 
C)  damage to the type II pneumocytes, which produce surfactant. 
D)  decreased capillary permeability. 
A)  a decrease in the number of white blood cells available. 
B)  damage to the right mainstem bronchus. 
C)  damage to the type II pneumocytes, which produce surfactant. 
D)  decreased capillary permeability.

Question 7

The nurse is assessing a patient with acute respiratory distress syndrome.An expected assessment is

Accepted Answer

A)  cardiac output of 10 L/min and low systemic vascular resistance. 
B)  PAOP of 10 mm Hg and PaO2 of 55. 
C)  PAOP of 20 mm Hg and cardiac output of 3 L/min. 
D)  PAOP of 5 mm Hg and high systemic vascular resistance. 
A)  cardiac output of 10 L/min and low systemic vascular resistance. 
B)  PAOP of 10 mm Hg and PaO2 of 55. 
C)  PAOP of 20 mm Hg and cardiac output of 3 L/min. 
D)  PAOP of 5 mm Hg and high systemic vascular resistance.

Question 8

The nurse is discharging a patient with asthma.As part of the discharge instruction,the nurse instructs the patient to prevent exacerbation by:

Accepted Answer

A)  obtaining an appointment for follow-up pulmonary function studies 1 week after discharge. 
B)  limiting activity until the patient is able to climb two flights of stairs. 
C)  taking all asthma medications as prescribed. 
D)  taking medications on a "prn" basis according to symptoms. 
A)  obtaining an appointment for follow-up pulmonary function studies 1 week after discharge. 
B)  limiting activity until the patient is able to climb two flights of stairs. 
C)  taking all asthma medications as prescribed. 
D)  taking medications on a "prn" basis according to symptoms.

Question 9

The nurse is discharging a patient home following treatment for community-acquired pneumonia.As part of the discharge teaching,the nurse instructs,

Accepted Answer

A)  "If you get the pneumococcal vaccine, you'll never get pneumonia again." 
B)  "It is important for you to get an annual influenza shot to reduce your risk of pneumonia." 
C)  "Stay away from cold, drafty places because that increases your risk of pneumonia when you get home." 
D)  "Since you have been treated for pneumonia, you now have immunity from getting it in the future." 
A)  "If you get the pneumococcal vaccine, you'll never get pneumonia again." 
B)  "It is important for you to get an annual influenza shot to reduce your risk of pneumonia." 
C)  "Stay away from cold, drafty places because that increases your risk of pneumonia when you get home." 
D)  "Since you have been treated for pneumonia, you now have immunity from getting it in the future."

Question 10

The nurse is assessing a patient.Which assessment would cue the nurse to the potential of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)?

Accepted Answer

A)  Increased oxygen saturation via pulse oximetry 
B)  Increased peak inspiratory pressure on the ventilator 
C)  Normal chest radiograph with enlarged cardiac structures 
D)  PaO2/FiO2 ratio >300 
A)  Increased oxygen saturation via pulse oximetry 
B)  Increased peak inspiratory pressure on the ventilator 
C)  Normal chest radiograph with enlarged cardiac structures 
D)  PaO2/FiO2 ratio >300

Question 11

A strategy for preventing pulmonary embolism in patients at risk who cannot take anticoagulants is

Accepted Answer

A)  administration of two aspirin tablets every 4 hours. 
B)  infusion of thrombolytics. 
C)  insertion of a vena cava filter. 
D)  subcutaneous heparin administration every 12 hours. 
A)  administration of two aspirin tablets every 4 hours. 
B)  infusion of thrombolytics. 
C)  insertion of a vena cava filter. 
D)  subcutaneous heparin administration every 12 hours.

Question 12

Which of the following acid-base disturbances commonly occurs with the hyperventilation and impaired gas exchange seen in severe exacerbation of asthma?

Accepted Answer

A)  Metabolic acidosis 
B)  Metabolic alkalosis 
C)  Respiratory acidosis 
D)  Respiratory alkalosis 
A)  Metabolic acidosis 
B)  Metabolic alkalosis 
C)  Respiratory acidosis 
D)  Respiratory alkalosis

Question 13

Intrapulmonary shunting refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  alveoli that are not perfused. 
B)  blood that is shunted from the left side of the heart to the right and causes heart failure. 
C)  blood that is shunted from the right side of the heart to the left without oxygenation. 
D)  shunting of blood supply to only one lung. 
A)  alveoli that are not perfused. 
B)  blood that is shunted from the left side of the heart to the right and causes heart failure. 
C)  blood that is shunted from the right side of the heart to the left without oxygenation. 
D)  shunting of blood supply to only one lung.

Question 14

A definitive diagnosis of pulmonary embolism can be made by

Accepted Answer

A)  arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis. 
B)  chest x-ray examination. 
C)  pulmonary angiogram. 
D)  ventilation-perfusion scanning. 
A)  arterial blood gas (ABG) analysis. 
B)  chest x-ray examination. 
C)  pulmonary angiogram. 
D)  ventilation-perfusion scanning.

Question 15

The nurse is caring for a patient with acute respiratory failure and identifies "Risk for Ineffective Airway Clearance" as a nursing diagnosis.A nursing intervention relevant to this diagnosis is to

Accepted Answer

A)  elevate the head of the bed to 30 degrees. 
B)  obtain an order for venous thromboembolism prophylaxis. 
C)  provide adequate sedation. 
D)  reposition the patient every 2 hours. 
A)  elevate the head of the bed to 30 degrees. 
B)  obtain an order for venous thromboembolism prophylaxis. 
C)  provide adequate sedation. 
D)  reposition the patient every 2 hours.

Question 16

The nurse is caring for a patient with acute respiratory distress syndrome who is hypoxemic despite mechanical ventilation.The provider prescribes a nontraditional ventilator mode as part of treatment.Despite sedation and analgesia,the patient remains restless and appears to be in discomfort.The nurse informs the provider of this assessment and anticipates an order for

Accepted Answer

A)  continuous lateral rotation therapy. 
B)  guided imagery. 
C)  neuromuscular blockade. 
D)  prone positioning. 
A)  continuous lateral rotation therapy. 
B)  guided imagery. 
C)  neuromuscular blockade. 
D)  prone positioning.

The nurse assesses a patient who is admitted for an overdose of sedatives.The nurse expects to find which acid-base alteration?

From the following illustrations of the alveolar-capillary membrane,select the image that demonstrates shunting.

Select the strategies for preventing deep vein thrombosis ( DVT )and pulmonary embolus ( PE ).(Select all that apply.)

The nurse is concerned that a patient is at increased risk of developing a pulmonary embolus and develops a plan of care for prevention to include which of the following?

The nurse is caring for a postoperative patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD ).Which assessment would be a cue to the patient developing postoperative pneumonia?

The basic underlying pathophysiology of acute respiratory distress syndrome results in

The nurse is assessing a patient with acute respiratory distress syndrome.An expected assessment is

The nurse is discharging a patient with asthma.As part of the discharge instruction,the nurse instructs the patient to prevent exacerbation by:

The nurse is discharging a patient home following treatment for community-acquired pneumonia.As part of the discharge teaching,the nurse instructs,

The nurse is assessing a patient.Which assessment would cue the nurse to the potential of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)?

A strategy for preventing pulmonary embolism in patients at risk who cannot take anticoagulants is

Which of the following acid-base disturbances commonly occurs with the hyperventilation and impaired gas exchange seen in severe exacerbation of asthma?

Intrapulmonary shunting refers to

A definitive diagnosis of pulmonary embolism can be made by

The nurse is caring for a patient with acute respiratory failure and identifies "Risk for Ineffective Airway Clearance" as a nursing diagnosis.A nursing intervention relevant to this diagnosis is to

Overview of Critical Care Nursing

Patient and Family Response to the Critical Care Experience

Ethical and Legal Issues in Critical Care Nursing

End-of-Life Care and Palliative Care in Critical Care Settings

Comfort and Sedation

Nutritional Support

Dysrhythmia Interpretation and Management

Hemodynamic Monitoring

Ventilatory Assistance

Rapid Response Teams and Code Management

Organ Donation

Shock,Sepsis,and Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome

Cardiovascular Alterations

Nervous System Alterations

Acute Kidney Injury

Hematological and Immune Disorders

Gastrointestinal Alterations

Endocrine Alterations

Trauma and Surgical Management

Burns

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Exam 15: Acute Respiratory Failure

The nurse assesses a patient who is admitted for an overdose of sedatives.The nurse expects to find which acid-base alteration?

From the following illustrations of the alveolar-capillary membrane,select the image that demonstrates shunting.

Select the strategies for preventing deep vein thrombosis ( DVT )and pulmonary embolus ( PE ).(Select all that apply.)

The nurse is concerned that a patient is at increased risk of developing a pulmonary embolus and develops a plan of care for prevention to include which of the following?

The nurse is caring for a postoperative patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD ).Which assessment would be a cue to the patient developing postoperative pneumonia?

The basic underlying pathophysiology of acute respiratory distress syndrome results in

The nurse is assessing a patient with acute respiratory distress syndrome.An expected assessment is

The nurse is discharging a patient with asthma.As part of the discharge instruction,the nurse instructs the patient to prevent exacerbation by:

The nurse is discharging a patient home following treatment for community-acquired pneumonia.As part of the discharge teaching,the nurse instructs,

The nurse is assessing a patient.Which assessment would cue the nurse to the potential of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)?

A strategy for preventing pulmonary embolism in patients at risk who cannot take anticoagulants is

Which of the following acid-base disturbances commonly occurs with the hyperventilation and impaired gas exchange seen in severe exacerbation of asthma?

Intrapulmonary shunting refers to

A definitive diagnosis of pulmonary embolism can be made by

The nurse is caring for a patient with acute respiratory failure and identifies "Risk for Ineffective Airway Clearance" as a nursing diagnosis.A nursing intervention relevant to this diagnosis is to

Overview of Critical Care Nursing

Patient and Family Response to the Critical Care Experience

Ethical and Legal Issues in Critical Care Nursing

End-of-Life Care and Palliative Care in Critical Care Settings

Comfort and Sedation

Nutritional Support

Dysrhythmia Interpretation and Management

Hemodynamic Monitoring

Ventilatory Assistance

Rapid Response Teams and Code Management

Organ Donation

Shock,Sepsis,and Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome

Cardiovascular Alterations

Nervous System Alterations

Acute Kidney Injury

Hematological and Immune Disorders

Gastrointestinal Alterations

Endocrine Alterations

Trauma and Surgical Management

Burns

Filters