Exam 15: Transplantation of Tissues and Organs

The extent to which an individual's T cells respond to allogeneic HLA expressed on irradiated donor cells can be measured in vitro using _____.

_____ decreases the activity of the transcription factor NFAT by inhibiting calcineurin.(Select all that apply.)

All of the following culminate in complement fixation and removal of T cells by phagocytes except _____ which instead causes the T-cell receptors to be internalized and unavailable for antigen recognition.

Explain why it is necessary to match at least some of the HLA allotypes between donor and recipient in a bone marrow transplant given to remedy SCID.

_____ is a monoclonal antibody administered to transplant patients before and after transplantation in order to induce lymphopenia.

Which of the following best explains why a bone marrow donor needs to be HLA-matched to the recipient?

George Cunningham was diagnosed with Crohn's disease when 23 years old.He was experiencing acute abdominal pain,diarrhea,rectal bleeding,anemia and weight loss.He did not respond to conventional immunosuppressive therapies and was given a course of infliximab,an anti-TNF-α monoclonal antibody that suppresses inflammation by blocking TNF-α activity.On day 12 after receiving his first infusion,he developed a mild fever,generalized vasculitis,swollen lymph glands,swollen joints and joint pain.Traces of blood and protein were detected in his urine.Which of the following is the most likely cause of these recent symptoms?

From a clinical perspective explain how the logistics of organ transplantation differ from those for a bone marrow transplant.

Which of the following is a permissible match between a blood donor and a recipient (donor: recipient)? (Select all that apply.)

Males engrafted with HLA-identical bone marrow from their sisters develop graft-versus-host disease because _____.

Donors treated with _____ can donate bone marrow-derived stem cells from a less invasive peripheral blood draw instead of the more invasive bone marrow aspiration.(Select all that apply.)

What is the name of the clinical test used to determine the compatibility between a donor and recipient requiring a blood transfusion?

A.Explain why a boy with leukemia who receives a bone marrow transplant from his sister that is perfectly matched for MHC class I and class II is still likely to get graft-versus-host disease. B.Which effector T cells are usually involved in this reaction,and why?

Which of the following human molecules would be candidates for genetic modification of pigs to make these animals more suitable as organ donors for humans? (Select all that apply.)

Family members who donate their bone marrow to a transplant patient and who share one out of the two HLA haplotypes are providing a(n)_____ transplant.

Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD)is a consequence of _____.

When donor MHC:donor self-peptide complexes activate recipient T cells,_____.

In a mixed lymphocyte reaction the donor cells are irradiated to ensure that they do not _____.

Which of the following is an effect of both tacrolimus and corticosteroids?