Exam 6: Learning

Elizabeth was given a $1000 raise after her last performance evaluation. Her raise is a

______________ is an operant-conditioning procedure in which successive approximations of a desired response are reinforced.

Spontaneous recovery:

The four processes involved in ______________________ include attention to the act or behavior, memory for it, the ability to reproduce it, and the motivation to do so.

Which of the following is one of the ways in which conditioned taste aversions are NOT like other forms of classical conditioning?

Presenting a stimulus to a person or animal that decreases the probability of a particular response is known as

Which of the following statements is true regarding corporal punishment?

A woodchuck tries to crack a walnut shell in two different ways--with his paws and with his teeth. The last method worked and the first did not; hence, the woodchuck will be more likely to rely on his teeth for splitting the next nut. This observation illustrates the:

An experimenter finds that a certain male subject always has an increased heartbeat when he sees a picture of a nude female. The experimenter sounds a buzzer and then presents such a picture. The experimenter repeats this procedure until the man responds with an increased heartbeat to the sound of the buzzer alone. In this situation the UNCONDITIONED response is the _______.

A procedure used to teach a whole behavior by first training its parts is called:

Every week, Jade spends her allowance on ½ pound of sour lemon gummy candies even though they always make her mouth water. One day, as she is walking down the street, Jade sees a girl carrying a little white bag that looks like a candy shop bag! Jade notices that her mouth is puckering and overflowing with saliva. In this example, the unconditioned stimulus is the:

Learned behavior is less prone to extinction if it is conditioned by ____________ reinforcement.

Which of the following is true concerning partial schedules of reinforcement?

Which of the following is a stimulus?

Which of the following statements pertaining to the conditioned response is accurate?

_____ removes the effects of an aversive stimulus, whereas _____ removes the possibility of an aversive stimulus from occurring in the first place.

A key difference between operant and classical conditioning is that in classical conditioning a response is not required for a reward (or unconditioned stimulus) to be presented.

Suppose your friend owns a camera that makes a beeping noise 1 second before the flash goes off. After taking your photo many times, your friend starts to complain that you are always blinking in her photos. Explain what is likely happening using the following terminology: conditioned stimulus (CS), unconditioned stimulus (US), conditioned response (CR), and unconditioned response (UR).

A pigeon learns to peck only at a red disk. It will not peck at an identical disk of any other color. This illustrates the concept of ______________.

When a stimulus is removed from a person or animal resulting in a decrease in the probability of response, it is known as