Exam 3: Sensation and Perception

About ________ of those between the ages of 65 and 80 years have experienced a meaningful loss of smell.

All animals see in color.

About ________ million Americans suffer from hearing loss due to exposure to loud noise.

The smallest amount of a change in taste we can detect is about ________ percent.

Neurons in the brain that are highly specialized to detect particular elements of the visual field, such as horizontal or vertical lines are known as ________.

Sensation is the ________.

Old 3D movies were made by shooting two films of the same scene, each film being shot from a slightly different angle. When you went to the theater, you were given a special pair of glasses constructed so that your left eye saw only what the left camera filmed, and your right eye saw only what the right camera filmed. The three-dimensional quality of the movie was due primarily to ________.

Research suggests that ________.

When John drives his car at night, he finds that he can barely see traffic and street signs if he looks directly at them. He can increase his visual sensitivity by looking at the signs ________.

After living all his life in a town that pumps its water from relatively pure underground wells, John moves to a city that gets its water from a local river and must add chlorine to purify it. He totally dislikes the taste of the city water. His friends, who are long-time city residents, cannot understand his problem because they have experienced ________.

A woman trained in natural childbirth techniques (deep breathing, muscle relaxation, and mental images) reported that her labor and delivery were considerably less painful than she had anticipated. The gate-control theory of pain explains this phenomenon by asserting that ________.

Alice is walking home from school when she notices a change in the weather coming. She hears thunder in the distance, sees lightning and dark clouds approaching, feels the wet breeze of an approaching storm, and even smells the difference in the wind from the storm. Alice is able to organize all of these sensory cues into a meaningful idea due to her powers of ________.

Explain gate-control theory and describe the role played by endorphins in affecting perceived pain. What are several factors that appear to affect a person's subjective experience of pain?

Which of the following statements is true?

Bees can see ________.

Describe the process in which light goes into the eye and is converted into nervous energy and transmitted to the brain. Be sure to mention the specific parts of the eye involved in each step of the journey.

Retinal disparity and convergence are both types of binocular cues.

The process by which our senses adjust to varying levels of stimulation to allow them to operate as sensitively as possible without becoming overloaded is called ________.

A movie theater in New Jersey flashed subliminal messages during a movie to "Drink Coca Cola" and "Eat popcorn." After flashing these messages, popcorn and Coke sales ________.

Neurons that connect bipolar cells in the eye to the brain are ________.