Question 1

Investigations of the differences between the left and right cerebral hemispheres have demonstrated all of the following except which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) Speech is usually localized in the left hemisphere. 
B) Each hemisphere receives sensory input from and has motor control of the opposite side of the body. 
C) Lesions of Broca's area in the left hemisphere lead to an inability to understand spoken or written language. 
D) The corpus callosum is the major route for information transfer between the hemispheres. 
E) The right parietal cortex is more capable of spatial tasks. 
A) Speech is usually localized in the left hemisphere. 
B) Each hemisphere receives sensory input from and has motor control of the opposite side of the body. 
C) Lesions of Broca's area in the left hemisphere lead to an inability to understand spoken or written language. 
D) The corpus callosum is the major route for information transfer between the hemispheres. 
E) The right parietal cortex is more capable of spatial tasks. C

Question 2

Brodmann's map of the cerebral cortex:

Accepted Answer

A) Is based on recordings of cortical evoked potentials. 
B) Is based on regional variation of the cytoarchitecture of the cortical layers. 
C) Has no correlation with functional organization. 
D) Shows the regions numbered sequentially from frontal pole (area 1)to occipital pole (area 47). 
E) Shows the regions numbered sequentially from left (area 1)to right (area 47). 
A) Is based on recordings of cortical evoked potentials. 
B) Is based on regional variation of the cytoarchitecture of the cortical layers. 
C) Has no correlation with functional organization. 
D) Shows the regions numbered sequentially from frontal pole (area 1)to occipital pole (area 47). 
E) Shows the regions numbered sequentially from left (area 1)to right (area 47). B

Question 3

Which of the following is not true about the electroencephalogram (EEG)?

Accepted Answer

A) The EEG is a field potential generated by the activity of large numbers of neurons. 
B) During epileptic seizures,the EEG remains normal. 
C) An evoked potential is a change in the EEG in response to a stimulus. 
D) Alpha and beta EEG patterns are seen in awake individuals. 
E) Slow EEG rhythms become prominent during drowsiness and sleep. 
A) The EEG is a field potential generated by the activity of large numbers of neurons. 
B) During epileptic seizures,the EEG remains normal. 
C) An evoked potential is a change in the EEG in response to a stimulus. 
D) Alpha and beta EEG patterns are seen in awake individuals. 
E) Slow EEG rhythms become prominent during drowsiness and sleep. B

Question 4

A patient with an inability to write or to generate meaningful speech,but can understand requests and make sounds,probably has a lesion in:

Accepted Answer

A) The left frontal lobe. 
B) The right frontal lobe. 
C) The left temporal lobe. 
D) The right temporal lobe. 
E) The left parietal lobe. 
A) The left frontal lobe. 
B) The right frontal lobe. 
C) The left temporal lobe. 
D) The right temporal lobe. 
E) The left parietal lobe.

Question 5

Evidence for the existence of neural plasticity includes all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

A) The retention of procedural memory after lesions that result in loss of declarative memory (amnesia). 
B) The appearance of distinct cortical regions for each digit after surgery for syndactyly. 
C) The enlargement of adjacent cortical regions to encompass that of a removed digit. 
D) The establishment of ocular dominance columns in the visual cortex during development. 
E) The sensation of phantom limb pain after an amputation. 
A) The retention of procedural memory after lesions that result in loss of declarative memory (amnesia). 
B) The appearance of distinct cortical regions for each digit after surgery for syndactyly. 
C) The enlargement of adjacent cortical regions to encompass that of a removed digit. 
D) The establishment of ocular dominance columns in the visual cortex during development. 
E) The sensation of phantom limb pain after an amputation.

Question 6

Which of the following is an incorrect assignment of a lobe of the cerebral cortex and function?

Accepted Answer

A) Frontal lobe and motor control 
B) Parietal lobe and olfactory perception 
C) Occipital lobe and visual processing 
D) Temporal lobe and auditory processing 
E) Limbic lobe and memory 
A) Frontal lobe and motor control 
B) Parietal lobe and olfactory perception 
C) Occipital lobe and visual processing 
D) Temporal lobe and auditory processing 
E) Limbic lobe and memory

Question 7

In a patient who has undergone corpus callosotomy,the failure of interhemispheric transfer of information is best demonstrated by:

Accepted Answer

A) A task in which the patient uses both hands. 
B) A task that requires eye-hand coordination while one eye is covered. 
C) A task in which the patient is asked to identify an object placed to his or her left. 
D) A task in which the patient is asked to identify an object only by touch with the left hand. 
E) A task in which the patient is asked to identify an object only by touch with the right hand 
A) A task in which the patient uses both hands. 
B) A task that requires eye-hand coordination while one eye is covered. 
C) A task in which the patient is asked to identify an object placed to his or her left. 
D) A task in which the patient is asked to identify an object only by touch with the left hand. 
E) A task in which the patient is asked to identify an object only by touch with the right hand

Question 8

The "critical period":

Accepted Answer

A) Is the transition between the awake and sleep states. 
B) Is the transition between short-term and long-term memory. 
C) Is a period of maximal developmental plasticity. 
D) Is a period of changes in neural circuits that occur after the onset of blindness in adults. 
E) Occurs only in mature individuals. 
A) Is the transition between the awake and sleep states. 
B) Is the transition between short-term and long-term memory. 
C) Is a period of maximal developmental plasticity. 
D) Is a period of changes in neural circuits that occur after the onset of blindness in adults. 
E) Occurs only in mature individuals.

Question 9

Rapid eye movement (REM)sleep can be distinguished from the other levels of sleep because it:

Accepted Answer

A) Is most common early in the night's sleep. 
B) Occurs only once a night. 
C) Is the deepest level of sleep. 
D) Is associated with increased muscle tone in the limbs. 
E) Produces an EEG pattern that resembles that of the alert awake state. 
A) Is most common early in the night's sleep. 
B) Occurs only once a night. 
C) Is the deepest level of sleep. 
D) Is associated with increased muscle tone in the limbs. 
E) Produces an EEG pattern that resembles that of the alert awake state.

Question 10

Klüver-Bucy syndrome does not include:

Accepted Answer

A) Visual agnosia 
B) Hypersexuality 
C) Hemineglect 
D) Hyperorality 
E) Changes in emotional behavior 
A) Visual agnosia 
B) Hypersexuality 
C) Hemineglect 
D) Hyperorality 
E) Changes in emotional behavior

Exam 10: Higher Functions of the Nervous System

Investigations of the differences between the left and right cerebral hemispheres have demonstrated all of the following except which of the following?

Brodmann's map of the cerebral cortex:

Which of the following is not true about the electroencephalogram (EEG)?

A patient with an inability to write or to generate meaningful speech,but can understand requests and make sounds,probably has a lesion in:

Evidence for the existence of neural plasticity includes all of the following except:

Which of the following is an incorrect assignment of a lobe of the cerebral cortex and function?

In a patient who has undergone corpus callosotomy,the failure of interhemispheric transfer of information is best demonstrated by:

The "critical period":

Rapid eye movement (REM)sleep can be distinguished from the other levels of sleep because it:

Klüver-Bucy syndrome does not include:

Principles of Cell Function

Homeostasis of Body Fluids

Signal Transduction, membrane Receptors, second Messengers, and Regulation of Gene Expression

The Nervous System: Introduction to Cells and Systems

Generation and Conduction of Action Potentials

Synaptic Transmission

The Somatosensory System

The Special Senses

Organization of Motor Function

The Autonomic Nervous System and Its Central Control

Skeletal Muscle Physiology

Cardiac Muscle

Smooth Muscle

Overview of Circulation

Elements of Cardiac Function

Properties of the Vasculature

Regulation of the Heart and Vasculature

Integrated Control of the Cardiovascular System

Structure and Function of the Respiratory System

Static Lung and Chest Wall Mechanics

Dynamic Lung and Chest Wall Mechanics

Ventilation

Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide Transport

Control of Respiration

Non-Physiologic Functions of the Lung: Host Defense and Metabolism

Functional Anatomy and General Principles of Regulation in the Gastrointestinal Tract

The Cephalic, oral, and Esophageal Phases of the Integrated Response to a Meal

The Gastric Phase of the Integrated Response to a Meal

The Small Intestinal Phase of the Integrated Response to a Meal

The Colonic Phase of the Integrated Response to a Meal

Transport and Metabolic Functions of the Liver

Elements of Renal Function

Solute and Water Transport Along the Nephron: Tubular Function

Control of Body Fluid Osmolality and Volume

Potassium, calcium, and Phosphate Homeostasis

Role of the Kidneys in the Regulation of Acid-Base Balance

Introduction to the Endocrine System

Hormonal Regulation of Energy Metabolism

Hormonal Regulation of Calcium and Phosphate Metabolism

The Hypothalamus and Pituitary Gland

The Thyroid Gland

The Adrenal Glands

The Male and Female Reproductive Systems

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