Essay
Hagfish, lampreys, gnathostomes, mammals, birds, fish, reptiles, and amphibians are all vertebrates and are sometimes referred to as the subphylum Craniata: animals with a cranium. Amphioxus and ascidians are not in Craniata. How does mapping characters associated with the neural crest assist us in understanding the evolution of complex traits such as the cranium? 
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The neural crest is directly associated ...View Answer
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