Chemical Mutagens Should Also Be Carcinogens

Chemical mutagens should also be carcinogens. Some compounds that did not increase the mutation rate of the bacterium E. coli are nonetheless potent carcinogens in animals. Why?

A) The genetic code in the bacterium differs from that in animals.
B) Bacterial genes are often arranged in operons.
C) Some chemicals are not mutagenic or carcinogenic unless they are altered in the ER of animal cells.
D) Many animal cell genes have introns.
E) Animals may have germ line mutations.

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