Less Than Half of the CO₂ Released into the Atmosphere

Less than half of the CO₂ released into the atmosphere by human activity remains in the atmosphere. The rest can be found in the oceans. What factors affect the cycling of CO₂ between the atmosphere and the ocean?

A) Algae that combine bicarbonate ions with calcium (Ca²⁺) to form calcium carbonate and sink to the ocean floor when they die
B) Photosynthetic rate of phytoplankton
C) Respiration of organisms living in the oceans
D) Both a and b
E) None of the above

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