After a Volcanic Eruption, Weathering, Rain, and Other Natural Forces

After a volcanic eruption, weathering, rain, and other natural forces help break down the volcanic rock and ash, releasing its nutrients.This helps pioneer plant species to colonize.As succeeding generations of plants develop on the volcanic landscape, how (if at all) will the plant community be likely to change?

A) The same pioneer plants will remain indefinitely but become larger and stronger.
B) The same pioneer plants will remain indefinitely and be similar to the first generation.
C) Pioneer plants will be replaced by low-growing plants able to live on soil and nutrients produced by pioneer plants.
D) Pioneer plants will very quickly be replaced by large shrubs and trees.
E) Within a short time (less than 20 years) , a stable climax community will develop.

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