What Is a Possible Mechanism for Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema Reactions

What is a possible mechanism for noncardiogenic pulmonary edema reactions?

A) Antileukocyte antibody reacts with leukocytes and activates the reticuloendothelial system
B) Histamine is released from mast cells, increasing vascular dilation and fluidity to tissues
C) Antileukocyte antibody reacts in donor or patient plasma, initiating complement-mediated pulmonary capillary endothelial injury
D) None of the above

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