Article Summary Due to Political,economic,demographic,and Cultural Reasons,North Africa Is Experiencing an Exodus

Article Summary
Due to political,economic,demographic,and cultural reasons,North Africa is experiencing an exodus of some of its brightest students.Limited job opportunities for the young,as well as limited space and poor facilities at universities,have pushed academics abroad for a growing number of North African students.Although this brain drain is leaving the region with a shortage of young,trained professionals,some students have chosen to return home following their graduation,while others who remain abroad send money home to families.Researcher Samia Nour found that these financial remittances from abroad equal the total amount of foreign direct investment for the region.The governments of North Africa have begun to realize the unsustainability of this brain drain,and have enacted policy which requires students with scholarships to return home to work following graduation or else repay all costs of their education.
Source: Johan Savstrom,"'Brain drain of North African scholars," Nordic Africa Institute,June 13,2017.
-Refer to the Article Summary.If,after the outflow of students in North Africa,it now takes more capital per hour worked to get the same amount of GDP per hour worked,this indicates ________ the per-worker production function in the North African region.

A) a movement up
B) a movement down
C) an upward shift of
D) a downward shift of

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