How Does Comparative Data on Genes of Extant Species Help

How does comparative data on genes of extant species help us to make estimates of what happened before the phylogenetic event horizon?

A) Common genes must have existed for a long time.
B) If the first life-forms consisted of RNA, then current RNA-coding genes must be the ancestral genes.
C) Common functional genes imply the minimal characteristics of early cells.
D) Because so many small genome bacteria are endosymbionts, the earliest cells must have been endosymbionts.

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