A 78-Year-Old Female Is Scheduled for Compression Nail Insertion of a Left

A 78-year-old female is scheduled for compression nail insertion of a left fractured hip.She was positioned for a spinal injection to induce spinal anesthesia.During the process,the anesthesia provider inadvertently inserted the spinal needle into the subarachnoid space,not noticing the error until the entire syringe of lidocaine was administered to the patient.The patient immediately experienced rapid onset of hypotension,bradycardia,and apnea.This unintentional condition is called ______________ and now must be managed with _____________.

A) total subarachnoid syndrome; mechanical ventilation
B) hypotensive apnea episode; tracheostomy and humidified positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP)
C) cardiogenic shock; advanced cardiovascular life support (ACLS) protocol
D) total spinal anesthesia; general endotracheal anesthesia

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